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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Begin the flare with progressive back pressure and keep it coming until the sink is arrested, rather than flying it on flat.
What happened: The nose was barely raised in the flare and little of the sink was taken out, flying the aircraft onto the runway. This pattern usually carries through to a firm touchdown with a noticeable sink rate.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smoothly reducing sink through the normal flare band, not a steady rate into the runway.
The rudder input is a changing profile through the roll rather than one that is held. So the demand on your right foot starts large at power application, eases as speed builds and the rudder gains authority, then jumps again at rotation.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 16 stages, 13 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 3,284 m runway.
Rolled from 56 m in, drifted 8.2 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off, in 8 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 26 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to 649 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,127 m of runway left; then climbing at 2,900 fpm on average to 649 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare.
Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.
The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2.1 to 2.9° a second, the middle half of rotation rates flown by other Airbus A320ceo pilots over the last 180 days (229 takeoffs); the grey pair are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at. A trace steeper than both green lines is a faster rotation than most, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 11.7°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.
Right-hand, 1,500 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 2 nm out at 198 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,500 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Wide: the downwind was 4.7 nm out at 198 kt, where about 2 nm suits that speed.
The bomber pattern. A downwind flown so wide that final becomes a two-mile straight-in, quietly converting your circuit session back into the ILS-style approach you were trying to escape. The symptom is that your final leg takes over a minute and you're stabilised with time to spare, every lap. The practice value lives in the compressed judgement of a proper-sized circuit, and a huge one launders it away.
Read more in Pattern WorkGood: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Good: full marks on the turn.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 70 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 462 m right of the centreline, then inside the band from 3.1 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 30 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 18 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −8 kt and +20 kt on the approach speed of 121 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare strayed well off the target profile
The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 1.5° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 587 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
Touchdown
Rollout
Side view — the last 1,776 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 59 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 11 ft. Touched down 587 m in, 282 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,776 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink stayed between 490 fpm and 560 fpm from the flare to the runway. The nose came up 1.4° on the way down. Into the flare at 125 kt, 4 kt over the 121 kt approach speed, and 123 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,776 m of the 3,284 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 14 m right of the centreline and drifted to 17 m right on the rollout. 4 kt across from the right, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 123 kt. Touched down with the nose 5° left of the track, away from the wind, 2.2° of bank.
Wind 093° at 11 kt · 10 kt head · 4 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
Touched down 587 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.58 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The Airbus A320-ceo departed from runway 05R at NZAA Auckland International Airport. Takeoff was performed on a 867 m (26 % of runway) distance, with rotation at 138 kt. Local weather at departure was 39 °C, wind 14 kt from 124° (crosswind 11 kt, headwind 8 kt).
Initial climb to 400 ft agl took 12 seconds, averaging 2,070 fpm and reaching 180 kt at the top of the climb. The right-hand circuit for runway 05R lasted 6 minutes. The downwind leg was 6 nm, flown in 96 seconds at 1,460 ft agl, and the base leg was 2 nm, flown in 39 seconds.
Final approach descended from 1,316 ft agl to 87 ft agl in 113 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, on centreline, on speed, wings level.
Landing was on runway 05R (length 3,284 m). Threshold height at 60 ft agl was slightly above target and threshold speed was slightly above target at 128 kt. The flare was poor, with little round-out. Touchdown occurred 168 m beyond the touchdown zone, at 123 kt, a little fast, with a hard rate of -491 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 14.2 m from centreline and one bounce occurred. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 17.2 m from centreline. Total landing distance was 1,693 m (52 % of runway).
Local weather at landing was 36 °C, wind 10 kt from 098° (crosswind 5 kt, headwind 9 kt). The flight covered 24 nm in 10 minutes and used 402 kg of fuel.
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