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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Reduce climb power to bring speed back to 170 kt and hold it there.
What happened: Climb speed was 81 kt fast at 251 kt during the climb.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 170 kt in the climb
Arrival
Begin raising the nose earlier, by 11 ft, so the flare has time to arrest the sink before touchdown.
What happened: The flare began late at 1.5 ft, 9.7 ft below the normal band, and a late flare like this usually leaves too little time to arrest the sink before touchdown.
Watch for: Watch radio altitude and start the flare in the normal band, around 11 ft.
Trim is the hidden variable. In trim, the flare is a small refinement to an aircraft already in equilibrium, a couple of millimetres of stick. Out of trim, you're holding a constant force all the way down final, and the flare becomes a large, badly judged movement stacked on top of a load you're already carrying. A striking proportion of "I can't judge the flare" complaints are trim complaints wearing a disguise. If you're holding pressure at 500 feet, fix that before you practise anything else.
Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight SimulatorStart to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 136 kt, 9 kt below the 145 kt target, and lifted off at 185 kt 9.4 s later, the nose coming up at 0.1° a second. Climb 3 averaged 251 kt, 81 kt over its 170 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 1,065 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 699 m of runway left; gear up at 176 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,500 fpm on average to 1,065 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,986 m runway.
Rolled from 276 m in, never more than 1 m off the centreline. Airborne 63 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 0.7 nm, then not again: fast from 0.7 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 200 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 8× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 48 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 0.7 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +15 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare strayed well off the target profile. The flare began at 2 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 528 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 270° at 1 kt · 0 kt tail · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 147 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 46 s, an average deceleration of 0.13 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 67 ft, 17 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 2 ft. Touched down 528 m in, 224 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink stayed between 710 fpm and 730 fpm from the flare to the runway. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,108 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.2 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
Touched down 528 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.90 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.
The rest of the report
The Airbus A320neo departed from runway 28 at LEAL Alicante-Elche Miguel Hernández Airport. Rotation was achieved at 136 kt and the take-off run was 1,888 m, representing 63 % of the runway. Local weather was 18 °C with a wind of 1 kt from 269°, giving a headwind component of 1 kt and no crosswind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 39 seconds at an average rate of 1,786 fpm, reaching 245 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 1,251 ft asl to 38,955 ft asl in 16 minutes, covering 92 nm while passing 2 nm west of the departure airport.
Cruise was maintained at 39,000 ft asl for 125 minutes, covering 888 nm, beginning 47 nm south-east of La Union.
Descent began from 38,713 ft asl to 1,582 ft asl in 25 minutes, covering 138 nm, starting 21 nm south of Arrecife.
On final approach to runway 03L at GCLP Gran Canaria Airport, descent from 1,563 ft agl to 119 ft agl was completed in 88 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level.
Landing was made on runway 03L, whose length is 3,108 m. The threshold height at 68 ft agl was above target and the threshold speed of 153 kt was slightly above target. The flare was poor; the aircraft ballooned in the flare. Touchdown occurred 118 m beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 146 kt, a little fast, with a very heavy rate of -711 fpm. Runway-touchdown alignment was perfect and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 1,157 m, 37 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect. Local weather was 15 °C with a wind of 1 kt from 270°, giving a crosswind component of 1 kt and no headwind.
Taxi from the runway to parking took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
The flight covered 1,128 nm in 175 minutes and used 4,092 kg of fuel.
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