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KGWS
Glenwood Springs, United States
Runway 14
Elevation5,915 ft asl
Weight1,945 lbs
Fuel149 lbs
Wind255° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

94.97 %
KGWS
Glenwood Springs, United States
Runway 14
Elevation5,915 ft asl
Weight1,937 lbs
Fuel141 lbs
Wind255° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross
12 Sep 2023 0:11 9 nm PA28 Archer II 8 lbs
Departure Score
98.45 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
84.34 %

What went well

Touched down at -78 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 725 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 8.6 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 8 %, −2.65 points
Arrival Final 2 — Approach angle 3.7 ° at 33 %, −1.34 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 2.4 ° at 46 %, −0.76 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

Trim is the hidden variable. In trim, the flare is a small refinement to an aircraft already in equilibrium, a couple of millimetres of stick. Out of trim, you're holding a constant force all the way down final, and the flare becomes a large, badly judged movement stacked on top of a load you're already carrying. A striking proportion of "I can't judge the flare" complaints are trim complaints wearing a disguise. If you're holding pressure at 500 feet, fix that before you practise anything else.

Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight Simulator

Start to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kn0 kn min to max 18 kn 0 6 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 knmax 17 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °2.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.1 2.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Roll 97.71Departure roll runway 14 at KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport. Takeoff distance 2,187 ft 66 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 59 kn. Local weather - Temperature 66 °F. Wind 3 kn at 254 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,187 ft66 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 59 knTarget 62 kn
89 % Runway alignment max 25.7 ft15.9 ft left to 9.8 ft right 4.4 15.9 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 5.2 ° 2.6 5.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 1.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 14 KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 63 kn59 kn min to max 65 kn 59 65 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.2 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 373 ft/m251 ft/m min to max 447 ft/m 251 447 ft/m
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 45 ft agl 0 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °5.3 ° min to max 8.8 ° 5.3 8.8 °
Departure Climb 2 97.67Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 14 KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.6 1.2 °
100 % Average speed 67 kn65 kn min to max 75 kn 65 75 kn
91 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 5.5 ° 1.1 5.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.89 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 465 ft/m307 ft/m min to max 564 ft/m 449 564 ft/m
Info Average altitude 143 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 397 ft agl 47 397 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °5.4 ° min to max 9.4 ° 8.9 8.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 246 ft agl · 80 kt
Departure Climb 3 96.87Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 14 KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 -1.3 °
100 % Average speed 76 kn75 kn min to max 77 kn 75 77 kn
84 % Average bank angle 5.8 °3.5 ° min to max 7.9 ° 6.2 6.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 555 ft/m372 ft/m min to max 642 ft/m 579 372 ft/m
Info Average altitude 468 ft agl406 ft agl min to max 524 ft agl 406 524 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °6.9 ° min to max 8.8 ° 8.7 6.9 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south east of KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport Glenwood Springs (Colorado, United States). Climbing from 6,446 ft asl to 7,504 ft asl, an increase of 1,058 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 84 kn73 kn min to max 101 knTarget 85 kn 78 98 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.2 °1.7 ° min to max 20.2 ° 5.7 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 496 ft/m-106 ft/m min to max 1,102 ft/m 358 497 ft/m
Info Average altitude 7,069 ft asl6,446 ft asl min to max 7,504 ft asl 6,446 7,504 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °0.6 ° min to max 12.4 ° 7.0 2.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport Glenwood Springs (Colorado, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 7,438 ft asl7,311 ft asl min to max 7,551 ft asl 7,509 7,311 ft asl
100 % Average speed 109 kn98 kn min to max 115 kn 98 113 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.0 ° min to max 18.6 ° 1.5 18.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.09 g 0.94 1.09 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.8 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.2 -1.4 °
Arrival 97.13Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 1 mile north east of KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport Glenwood Springs (Colorado, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 102 kn82 kn min to max 113 kn 113 82 kn
93 % Average bank angle 13.4 °0.1 ° min to max 33.3 ° 19.5 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.91 g min to max 1.19 g 1.09 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -455 ft/m-966 ft/m min to max 36 ft/m -582 -573 ft/m
Info Average altitude 6,990 ft asl6,662 ft asl min to max 7,302 ft asl 7,302 6,662 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-4.1 ° min to max 1.7 ° -1.1 -2.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 907 ft agl · 103 kt
Arrival Final 2 79.90Approaching runway 14 at KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 737 ft agl to 391 ft agl. A decrease of 346 ft in 33 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
33 % Approach angle 3.7 °3.6 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.8 3.7 °
100 % Average speed 79 kn74 kn min to max 82 kn 82 74 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.7 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -612 ft/m-776 ft/m min to max -440 ft/m -595 -532 ft/m
Info Average altitude 554 ft agl391 ft agl min to max 737 ft agl 737 391 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-3.5 ° min to max -0.5 ° -2.3 -1.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 687 ft agl · 92 kt
11.251.51.752300350400450500550600650700Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-190-143-95-4804895143190Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 88.66Approaching runway 14 at KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 381 ft agl to 17 ft agl. A decrease of 364 ft in 35 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
46 % Approach angle 2.4 °1.3 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.7 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 72 kn70 kn min to max 74 kn 74 70 kn
98 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.2 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.08 g 0.98 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -624 ft/m-810 ft/m min to max -426 ft/m -564 -480 ft/m
Info Average altitude 93 ft agl17 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 381 17 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-2.5 ° min to max 1.6 ° -1.3 1.6 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-110-83-55-280285583110Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 60.18Landing on runway 14 at KGWS Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport, runway length 3,315 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 70 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 70 kn. Target 70 kn
8 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.03 0.99 g
Info Average speed 67 kn64 kn min to max 70 kn 70 64 kn
Info Average VSI -251 ft/m-475 ft/m min to max -77 ft/m -475 -78 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 17 ft agl 17 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °1.6 ° min to max 3.9 ° 1.6 3.4 °
025050075001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 94.66Touchdown distance was good at 719 ft. Touchdown speed at 64 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -78 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 68 °F. Wind 3 kn at 254 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown VSI was -78 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 719 ftTarget 1,500 ft
80 % Speed at touchdown 64 knTarget 61 kn
96 % Runway alignment max 9.1 ft8.9 ft left 9.0 8.6 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.99 g min to max 1.08 g 0.99 1.02 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 64 kn63 kn min to max 64 kn 64 63 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °2.6 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 2.6 °
Arrival Rollout 98.30Total landing distance 1,508 ft, 45 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,508 ft45 % of runway.
96 % Runway alignment max 8.6 ft8.6 ft left to 0.0 ft left 8.6 7.7 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.01 g
Info Average speed 65 kn38 kn min to max 71 kn 71 38 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °0.9 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.6 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 14 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 16 kn9 kn min to max 33 kn 33 9 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °1.4 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.4 1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.3 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 58 kt with 5.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.3° off9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 5 kt 2.6° 0 s
Liftoff1,682 ft 58 kt 5.3° 30.1 s
35 ft2,512 ft · 6.8 s after liftoff 64 kt 8.6° 36.9 s
End of Climb 310,450 ft · 524 ft 77 kt 6.9° 115 s

Takeoff from KGWS 14

Takeoff roll100.00
1,772ft53 %
Liftoff speed100.00
58kt
Runway alignment88.56
15.9ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
373fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 524 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 708 ft of runway left; then climbing at 370 fpm on average to 524 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 58 ktSCALE CHANGES1.2 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,315 ft runway.

Rolled from 95 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 16 ft at the widest, and lifted off 16 ft left. Airborne 53 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 15.8 ft LROLL 95 FT INAirborne 1,778 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,778 ft of 3,315 ft · 54 %
Behind the start of the roll, 95 ftTakeoff roll, 1,682 ft Left ahead, 1,537 ft

The approach to KGWS 14

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 2.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 150 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND814643439262
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 2.7 nm, where the final began, to 2.4 nm, then drifted 320 ft right between 2.4 and 2.0 nm, then inside the band from 2.0 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND218 ft R120 ft R26 ft R16 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KGWS 14

Over the threshold

Threshold height37.40
16ft
Threshold speed95.38
69kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.2ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
725ft
Centreline95.73
9.1ft L
Speed80.21
63kt
Touchdown rate97.04
-78fpm
Impact100.00
1.08G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 255° at 3 kt · 1 kt tail · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 72 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.22 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 468 ft30 kt · 904 fttouchdown941 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 3,315 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 16 ft, 34 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 725 ft in, 275 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,315 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

16 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −78 fpm · 3.4° nose up · 64 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 16 ft, down at 725 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 330 fpm at 14 ft to 80 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.9° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−78 fpm at touchdown3.4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 3,315 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 9 ft left of the centreline, and stayed within 9 ft of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 725 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 725 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,444 ft of 3,315 ft · 44 %
In the air over the runway, 725 ftRollout, 719 ft Left over, 1,871 ft
Rollout distance100.00
719ft43 % used
Rollout alignment96.23
8.6ft L

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