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KBOS
Boston, United States
Runway 22R
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight5,722 lbs
Fuel1,297 lbs
Wind220° · 19 kn · 7 kn cross

Flight Score

96.10 %
KJFK
New York, United States
Runway 22L
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight5,182 lbs
Fuel732 lbs
Wind169° · 8 kn · 5 kn cross
16 Oct 2026 1:23 213 nm GroundStopFS 565 lbs
Departure Score
99.79 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
88.52 %

What went well

Touched down at -30 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 727 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 6.0 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Taxi — Landing Lights at 1 %, peak taxi speed 46 kt at 19 %, −3.56 points
Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was slightly below target at 82 kt at 91 %, −0.26 points
Departure Climb 2 — scored 98.97 %, −0.07 points

Next time

Arrival

Add power on short final to hold 90 kt at the threshold rather than letting speed decay.

What happened: You crossed the threshold at 82 kt against a target of 90 kt, below reference speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator, hold 90 kt down to the threshold.

See Arrival Landing

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kt0 kt min to max 17 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 17 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-4.7 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °

Events

Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 22R at KBOS Logan International Airport, Average speed was 21 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 4 kt0 kt min to max 15 kt 5 15 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 20 kt
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 22R at KBOS Logan International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,640 ft 23 % of runway. Rotation speed was 92 kt. Local weather - Temperature 69 °F. Wind 19 kt at 220 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 18 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,640 ft23 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 92 ktTarget 91 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 11.7 ft left11.7 ft left to 0.0 ft left 1.6 9.0 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 1.12 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 6.9 ° 0.2 6.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.4 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 22R KBOS Logan International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 102 kt96 kt min to max 106 kt 96 106 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.7 °0.4 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g1.00 g min to max 1.27 g 1.24 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 627 fpm436 fpm min to max 746 fpm 436 746 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 40 ft agl 0 40 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.0 °6.7 ° min to max 7.4 ° 7.0 7.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 43 ft agl · 107 kt
Departure Climb 2 98.97Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 22R KBOS Logan International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.4 °
100 % Average speed 106 kt103 kt min to max 110 kt 105 106 kt
96 % Steepest bank angle 6.4 °0.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 0.3 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 925 fpm748 fpm min to max 2,067 fpm 748 2,067 fpm
Info Average altitude 85 ft agl40 ft agl min to max 360 ft agl 40 360 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °7.3 ° min to max 13.2 ° 7.4 12.7 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 55 ft agl · 105 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 237 ft agl · 106 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 22R KBOS Logan International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 106 kt98 kt min to max 114 ktTarget 110 kt, 4 kt slow 109 114 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.9 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.88 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up at 30 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -1.1 °-1.3 ° min to max -0.7 ° -0.7 -1.0 °
Info Average VSI 1,584 fpm646 fpm min to max 2,443 fpm 2,186 646 fpm
Info Average altitude 760 ft agl394 ft agl min to max 1,000 ft agl 394 1,000 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.8 °5.4 ° min to max 16.6 ° 13.4 5.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 632 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 632 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 673 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 673 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 771 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 771 ft agl · 102 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead MA17 Avco/Lowell Heliport Lowell (Massachusetts, United States). Climbing from 1,023 ft asl to 21,870 ft asl, an increase of 20,847 ft in 16 minutes and covering 49 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 155 kt116 kt min to max 166 kt 116 161 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 27.2 °0.0 ° min to max 27.2 ° 0.6 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.78 g min to max 1.23 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,347 fpm320 fpm min to max 1,938 fpm 629 1,187 fpm
Info Average altitude 8,245 ft asl1,023 ft asl min to max 21,870 ft asl 1,023 21,870 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °1.4 ° min to max 8.8 ° 5.2 3.0 °
Info Turn coordination 0-7 min to max 7 2 1

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,980 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,206 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,206 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 22,421 ft agl · 232 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 22,421 ft agl · 232 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of West Wareham (Massachusetts, United States) and lasted 27 minutes, covering 105 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,600 ft of 22,004 ft asl21,992 ft asl min to max 22,198 ft asl 21,995 22,009 ft asl
100 % Average speed 209 kt163 kt min to max 216 kt 163 211 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 8.1 °0.0 ° min to max 8.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.85 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-1 min to max 1 1 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-2.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -1.2 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 22,667 ft agl · 299 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead 03NY Talmage Field Riverhead (New York, United States). Descent from 22,000 ft asl to 3,000 ft asl, a decrease of 19,000 ft in 17 minutes and covering 39 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 156 kt137 kt min to max 218 kt 210 137 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 5.6 °0.0 ° min to max 5.6 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.58 g min to max 1.08 g 0.58 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -1,160 fpm-6,593 fpm min to max 42 fpm -799 -17 fpm
Info Average altitude 11,424 ft asl3,000 ft asl min to max 22,000 ft asl 22,000 3,000 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.3 °-14.5 ° min to max 0.8 ° -4.7 -0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 0-1 min to max 3 0 2

Events

Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 12,074 ft agl · 184 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,897 ft agl · 177 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Activated 7,793 ft agl · 172 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 7,270 ft agl · 171 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3,544 ft agl · 164 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3,401 ft agl · 162 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3,121 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,967 ft agl · 153 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Jericho (New York, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±650 ft of 2,996 ft asl2,983 ft asl min to max 2,999 ft asl 2,998 2,983 ft asl
100 % Average speed 135 kt134 kt min to max 137 kt 137 136 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 6.5 °0.0 ° min to max 6.5 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 0.98 0.96 g
Info Turn coordination 0-4 min to max 7 -2 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-2.4 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.6 -2.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,897 ft agl · 144 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Searingtown (New York, United States). Descent from 2,902 ft asl to 1,292 ft asl, a decrease of 1,610 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 135 kt133 kt min to max 138 kt 137 134 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.6 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -631 fpm-786 fpm min to max -441 fpm -561 -612 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,761 ft asl1,292 ft asl min to max 2,902 ft asl 2,902 1,292 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.8 °-4.3 ° min to max -1.3 ° -3.0 -2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 0-3 min to max 4 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 2,764 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 2,764 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Activated 2,764 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 2,740 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Deactivated 2,740 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2,740 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 2,730 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 2,730 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Activated 2,730 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 2,730 ft agl · 146 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 22L at KJFK John F Kennedy International Airport. Descent from 1,313 ft agl to 22 ft agl in 138 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 990 ft agl · 138 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 889 ft agl · 136 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 853 ft agl · 136 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 732 ft agl · 124 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 734 ft agl · 123 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 678 ft agl · 114 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 616 ft agl · 111 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 545 ft agl · 102 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 484 ft agl · 101 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 451 ft agl · 102 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 345 ft agl · 101 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 278 ft agl · 101 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 266 ft agl · 98 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 931 ft agl · 138 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 866 ft agl · 142 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 843 ft agl · 142 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 779 ft agl · 135 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 757 ft agl · 124 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 712 ft agl · 117 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 633 ft agl · 113 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 545 ft agl · 107 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 481 ft agl · 104 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 461 ft agl · 104 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 439 ft agl · 104 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 308 ft agl · 101 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 239 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Parking Brake On 266 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 237 ft agl · 102 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 228 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 194 ft agl · 97 kt
Arrival Landing 96.04Landing on runway 22L at KJFK John F Kennedy International Airport, runway length 8,383 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 82 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 82 kt. Target 90 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
93 % The flare held the target profile well. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 9 times on the way down. Touchdown was 727 ft past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
100 % Runway alignment max 10.7 ft left10.7 ft left to 6.7 ft left 10.7 6.7 ft
99 % Steepest bank angle 2.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.4 1.7 °
100 % Peak g force 1.21 g0.89 g min to max 1.21 g 1.21 1.05 g
Info Average speed 74 kt68 kt min to max 82 kt 82 69 kt
Info Average VSI -69 fpm-276 fpm min to max 40 fpm -276 -94 fpm
Info Average altitude 3 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 6 ft agl 6 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °3.6 ° min to max 7.0 ° 5.3 3.6 °
025050075001123344557Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-110-88-66-44-22022446688110Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 727 ft. Touchdown speed at 69 kt was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -30 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 70 °F. Wind 11 kt at 170 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 8 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -30 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 727 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 69 ktTarget below 87 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 6.7 ft left6.4 ft left 6.7 6.0 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 0.0 °
100 % Peak g force 1.08 g0.94 g min to max 1.08 g 1.05 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 69 kt69 kt min to max 70 kt 69 69 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °3.4 ° min to max 4.1 ° 3.6 4.1 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 3,447 ft, 41 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 3,447 ft41 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 6.1 ft right1.4 ft left to 6.1 ft right 1.1 -5.7 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 0.99 g
Info Average speed 54 kt32 kt min to max 62 kt 62 32 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-0.1 ° min to max 4.6 ° 4.3 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 2 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 2 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 2 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Deactivated 2 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 41 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 42 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 31 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 26 kt24 kt min to max 32 kt 32 25 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.5 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.9 0.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 2 ft agl · 28 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2 ft agl · 28 kt
Arrival Taxi 46.58Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 42 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
19 % Average speed 22 kt0 kt min to max 46 kt 25 0 kt
60 % Average speed turning corners 20 ktmax 35 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-2.7 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.9 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl

Takeoff from KBOS 22R

Taxi out

LightsOk
All on
Taxi speed100.00
17kt peak9 kt in turns

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
1,640ft23 %
Runway alignment100.00
11.7ft L
Rotation speed100.00
92kttarget 91, 1 late

The nose wandered in the climb

From 35 ft to the end of the climb the nose moved between 5.4° and 16.7°, and the speed between 98 kt and 114 kt.

Once clear of the runway the nose moved through a wide range, and the speed moved with it. Set the climb attitude, hold it and trim, and give the speed a few seconds to settle before correcting it with a degree or two of pitch. Chasing the airspeed with large pitch changes makes it wander more.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
95ktat 5.2°
Rotation
3.0°/sover 1.6 s, gaining 3 kt
35 ft
106ktat 7.3°, 4.7 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
0.7°steepest
Gear up100.00
30ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
106kttarget 110

Plan view the roll down the 7,178 ft runway.

Rolled from 256 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 12 ft at the widest, and lifted off 9 ft left, in 6 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 22 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS6 kn75 %widest 11.8 ft LROLL 256 FT INAirborne 1,598 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,598 ft of 7,178 ft · 22 %
Behind the start of the roll, 256 ftTakeoff roll, 1,342 ft Left ahead, 5,580 ft

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 1,000 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 4,916 ft of runway left; gear up at 30 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,400 fpm on average to 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3106 kt avgtarget 110THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 212 ft · 1.6 sRotate 92 kttarget 91Liftoff 95 ktGear up 30 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 110120 kt8040020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 212 ft · 1.6 sROTATELIFTOFFtarget 91held 8.8°5.2° off · 3.0°/s7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude heldClimb 3

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate740 fpm280 fpm
On glideslope3.0°3.0°
On centreline0.6° off0.9° off
On speed+45 kt+10 kt
Wings level1° bank0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 2.3 to 1.4 nm, then not again: right of the centreline from 1.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KJFK 22L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 50 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,2986763572021,000 ft gate7 of 71,051 ft · 136 kt500 ft gate7 of 7539 ft · 100 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 1.4 nm, then 170 ft right of it from 1.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR760 ft L0760 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND304 ft R154 ft R136 ft R167 ft R206 ft R152 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 45 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 27 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 3.4 nm, then fast to 2.3 nm (up to +49 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 90+43 kt+20 kt+12 kt+13 kt−8 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KJFK 22L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
5ft
Threshold speed91.25
81kttarget 90, 9 slow
Centreline offset100.00
10.7ft L
Bank99.24
2.8°steepest
Flare93.20

The flare held the target profile well

The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 9 times on the way down. Touchdown was 727 ft past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
727ft
Centreline100.00
6.7ft L
Speed100.00
68kttarget 87 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-30fpm
Impact100.00
1.08G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
1.7°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
2,675ft40 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
6.1ft R

Taxi in

Lights50.50
Onlanding lights, 99% of the taxi
Taxi speed39.42
46kt peak20 kt in turns

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

Began the flare at 37 ft, 551 ft before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 5 ft, 45 ft below the 50 ft target; ballooned 2 ft from 7 ft. Touched down 727 ft in, 273 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

5 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT held off 673 ft from the lowest point 80 ft400 Flare began at 37 ft, 551 ft before the threshold−697 fpm · 1.8° · 84 ktballooned +2 ft · from 7 ft to 9 ft−30 fpm · 3.6° nose up · 69 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 5 ft, down at 727 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 140 fpm before coming down at 30 fpm to touch. The nose came up 1.8° on the way down. Into the flare at 84 kt, 6 kt under the 90 kt approach speed, and 69 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°descent slowedtouchdown−30 fpm at touchdown3.6° at touchdown, +1.8° from the flareclimbing 136 fpm
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 8,383 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 6 ft left of the centreline, and stayed within 7 ft of it down the rollout. 5 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 69 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.

Wind 169° at 8 kt · 6 kt head · 5 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 727 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 727 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 3,402 ft of 8,383 ft · 41 %
In the air over the runway, 727 ftRollout, 2,675 ft Left over, 4,981 ft

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 63 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 40 s, an average deceleration of 0.04 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 280 ft30 kt · 2,995 fttouchdown3,115 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The aircraft taxied from the parking area to runway 22R at KBOS Logan International Airport, covering 2 nm in 10 minutes.

During the departure roll on runway 22R, the aircraft used 1,640 ft of runway, representing 23 % of the available length, and rotated at 92 kt. Ambient conditions were 69 °F with a wind of 19 kt from 220°, providing a 7 kt cross-wind component and an 18 kt head-wind component.

Climb commenced overhead MA17 Avco/Lowell Heliport, ascending from 1,023 ft asl to 21,870 ft asl, a gain of 20,847 ft achieved in 16 minutes while covering 49 nm.

The first cruise segment began 1 mile west of West Wareham, Massachusetts, and continued for 27 minutes, during which the aircraft flew 105 nm at level altitude.

Descent began over 03NY Talmage Field, Riverhead, New York, with the aircraft descending from 22,000 ft asl to 3,000 ft asl, a loss of 19,000 ft in 17 minutes while covering 39 nm.

A brief level cruise followed overhead Jericho, New York, lasting 3 minutes and covering 6 nm.

A second descent started over Searingtown, New York, with altitude decreasing from 2,902 ft asl to 1,292 ft asl, a reduction of 1,610 ft in 3 minutes and a distance of 5 nm.

Final approach to runway 22L at KJFK John F. Kennedy International Airport reduced altitude from 1,313 ft agl to 22 ft agl in 138 seconds, and the aircraft passed the stabilisation gates as required.

Landing on runway 22L, which is 8,383 ft long, was executed with a threshold speed slightly below target at 82 kt. Touchdown occurred 727 ft down the runway at 69 kt, with a vertical speed of minus 30 fpm and excellent alignment. Local weather at the time was 70 °F with a wind of 11 kt from 170°, a 7 kt cross-wind component and an 8 kt head-wind component.

The total landing roll measured 3,447 ft, representing 41 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

After landing, the aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in 42 minutes, covering an additional 2 nm.

In summary, the flight covered a total of 213 nm, required 83 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 565 lb of fuel.

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