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KSEA
Seattle, United States
Runway 16C
Elevation430 ft asl
Weight4,963 lbs
Fuel605 lbs
Wind200° · 12 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

89.47 %
0S9
Port Townsend, United States
Runway 09
Elevation108 ft asl
Weight4,869 lbs
Fuel508 lbs
Wind117° · 9 kn · 2 kn cross
3 Mar 2024 0:33 81 nm Baron 58P 97 lbs
Departure Score
74.22 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
93.22 %

What went well

Touched down at -71 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 761 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 1.0 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, strobe light off should be on, then taxi light on should off; Takeoff distance 15,038 ft at 0 %, Runway alignment max 795.1 ft at 0 %, −2.29 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 20 %, −1.84 points
Departure Taxi — peak speed in a turn 22 kt at 39 %, −1.81 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 21 stages, 19 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 72.83Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Average speed 15 kn0 kn min to max 26 kn 0 23 kn
39 % Average speed turning corners 18 knmax 22 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.4 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.4 1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Info Engine 2 Started 3 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 65.61Departure roll runway 16C at KSEA Seattle-Tacoma Intl. Takeoff distance 15,038 ft 160 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 107 kn. Local weather - Temperature 38 °F. Wind 12 kn at 200 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 12 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 15,038 ft160 % of runway
78 % Liftoff speed was 107 knTarget 90 kn
0 % Runway alignment max 795.1 ft795.1 ft left to 0.0 ft left 791.6 775.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °1.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 1.4 4.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Departure Climb 1 75.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 16C KSEA Seattle-Tacoma Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading variation -20.0 °-22.8 ° min to max -17.6 ° -22.8 -17.6 °
100 % Average speed 115 kn108 kn min to max 121 kn 108 121 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.0 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.02 g min to max 1.21 g 1.04 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 697 ft/m420 ft/m min to max 891 ft/m 420 891 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 0 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °5.2 ° min to max 9.2 ° 5.2 9.2 °
Departure Climb 2 74.88Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 16C KSEA Seattle-Tacoma Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading variation -14.4 °-17.3 ° min to max -7.4 ° -17.3 -7.4 °
100 % Average speed 132 kn122 kn min to max 163 kn 122 163 kn
99.5 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.6 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.78 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.78 g
Info Average VSI 1,141 ft/m934 ft/m min to max 1,463 ft/m 934 1,076 ft/m
Info Average altitude 130 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 445 ft agl 47 445 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.7 °4.3 ° min to max 9.2 ° 9.2 4.3 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 213 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 369 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 369 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 431 ft agl · 160 kt
Departure Climb 3 82.77Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 16C KSEA Seattle-Tacoma Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
55 % Heading variation -4.6 °-6.7 ° min to max -1.3 ° -6.7 -1.3 °
100 % Average speed 185 kn166 kn min to max 191 kn 166 190 kn
60 % Average bank angle 9.1 °0.5 ° min to max 17.0 ° 0.8 17.0 °
98 % Average g force 1.04 g0.71 g min to max 1.12 g 0.71 1.01 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 892 ft/m197 ft/m min to max 1,724 ft/m 710 1,669 ft/m
Info Average altitude 556 ft agl454 ft agl min to max 767 ft agl 454 767 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °2.3 ° min to max 6.8 ° 2.3 6.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 479 ft agl · 179 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile east of Normandy Park (Washington, United States). Climbing from 1,172 ft asl to 1,762 ft asl, an increase of 590 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 206 kn191 kn min to max 222 kn 191 222 kn
100 % Average bank angle 17.7 °12.8 ° min to max 20.6 ° 17.4 12.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.15 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 765 ft/m-399 ft/m min to max 1,628 ft/m 1,628 -399 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,577 ft asl1,172 ft asl min to max 1,791 ft asl 1,172 1,762 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 6.0 ° 6.0 -0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of Normandy Park (Washington, United States). Descent from 1,754 ft asl to 1,330 ft asl, a decrease of 424 ft in 1 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 226 kn216 kn min to max 230 kn 222 216 kn
100 % Average bank angle 12.9 °6.7 ° min to max 18.5 ° 12.2 6.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.96 g min to max 1.12 g 0.98 0.96 g
Info Average VSI -410 ft/m-861 ft/m min to max 252 ft/m -444 252 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,521 ft asl1,311 ft asl min to max 1,754 ft asl 1,754 1,330 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.8 ° -0.4 1.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Overspeed Warning Activated 1,693 ft agl · 226 kt
Info Overspeed Warning Deactivated 1,449 ft agl · 225 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of Vashon (Washington, United States) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,247 ft asl1,175 ft asl min to max 1,334 ft asl 1,333 1,307 ft asl
100 % Average speed 213 kn203 kn min to max 216 kn 216 203 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 7.1 ° 7.1 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.13 g 0.95 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-1.4 ° min to max 3.8 ° 1.3 3.8 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,265 ft agl · 213 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,179 ft agl · 213 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 3 miles east of Southworth (Washington, United States). Climbing from 1,322 ft asl to 2,991 ft asl, an increase of 1,669 ft in 2 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 186 kn177 kn min to max 202 kn 202 190 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 14.0 ° 0.7 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 831 ft/m146 ft/m min to max 1,101 ft/m 877 146 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,077 ft asl1,322 ft asl min to max 2,991 ft asl 1,322 2,991 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °1.9 ° min to max 4.9 ° 3.9 1.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 1,803 ft agl · 183 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 1,803 ft agl · 183 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,744 ft agl · 180 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,744 ft agl · 180 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles east of Bainbridge Island (Washington, United States) and lasted 12 minutes, covering 43 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,987 ft asl2,851 ft asl min to max 3,039 ft asl 3,010 2,851 ft asl
100 % Average speed 191 kn162 kn min to max 202 kn 194 179 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.7 °0.0 ° min to max 26.5 ° 1.5 25.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.13 g 0.99 1.11 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.4 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.6 0.5 °

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3,027 ft agl · 202 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,983 ft agl · 182 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,983 ft agl · 182 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 5 miles north east of Jamestown (Washington, United States). Descent from 2,844 ft asl to 1,938 ft asl, a decrease of 907 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 180 kn179 kn min to max 183 kn 179 183 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.6 °0.3 ° min to max 26.0 ° 25.1 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.00 g min to max 1.11 g 1.11 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -384 ft/m-456 ft/m min to max -250 ft/m -374 -303 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,610 ft asl1,938 ft asl min to max 2,844 ft asl 2,844 1,938 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.5 -0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 2,616 ft agl · 183 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 2,609 ft agl · 183 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Jamestown (Washington, United States) and lasted 4 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,856 ft asl1,814 ft asl min to max 1,933 ft asl 1,933 1,864 ft asl
100 % Average speed 135 kn106 kn min to max 184 kn 184 106 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.0 ° min to max 27.0 ° 0.0 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.15 g 1.08 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 5.9 ° 0.3 4.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,821 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,821 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,814 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,428 ft agl · 115 kt
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south of 2WA1 Diamond Point Airstrip Sequim (Washington, United States). Descent from 1,863 ft asl to 1,811 ft asl, a decrease of 53 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 95 kn84 kn min to max 105 kn 105 84 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.6 ° 2.7 3.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.86 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 0.92 g
Info Average VSI -117 ft/m-770 ft/m min to max 28 ft/m -7 -770 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,853 ft asl1,811 ft asl min to max 1,863 ft asl 1,863 1,811 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °-0.6 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.1 -0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 1,859 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,849 ft agl · 91 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 1 mile south of 2WA1 Diamond Point Airstrip Sequim (Washington, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn85 kn min to max 102 kn 85 99 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.7 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -713 ft/m-1,126 ft/m min to max -291 ft/m -910 -1,022 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,333 ft asl697 ft asl min to max 1,794 ft asl 1,794 697 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.3 ° min to max 2.2 ° -0.4 1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,603 ft agl · 102 kt
Arrival Final 2 96.99Approaching runway 09 at 0S9 Jefferson Co Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 574 ft agl to 341 ft agl. A decrease of 233 ft in 19 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Approach angle 3.5 °3.2 ° min to max 3.6 °Target 3.0 ° 3.6 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 96 kn93 kn min to max 99 kn 99 93 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -0.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.3 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.2 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -721 ft/m-954 ft/m min to max -589 ft/m -954 -766 ft/m
Info Average altitude 456 ft agl341 ft agl min to max 574 ft agl 574 341 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.7 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.3 0.9 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-140-105-70-3503570105140Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 96.06Approaching runway 09 at 0S9 Jefferson Co Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 328 ft agl to 21 ft agl. A decrease of 307 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Approach angle 2.3 °1.5 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 87 kn85 kn min to max 92 kn 92 85 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.6 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -532 ft/m-809 ft/m min to max -377 ft/m -785 -485 ft/m
Info Average altitude 82 ft agl21 ft agl min to max 328 ft agl 328 21 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °0.8 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.8 3.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 66.84Landing on runway 09 at 0S9 Jefferson Co Intl, runway length 2,994 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 85 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 85 kn. Target 90 kn
20 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.97 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 0.97 g
Info Average speed 83 kn80 kn min to max 85 kn 85 80 kn
Info Average VSI -286 ft/m-481 ft/m min to max -70 ft/m -481 -71 ft/m
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 21 ft agl 21 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °3.4 ° min to max 5.6 ° 3.4 4.9 °
025050075001123344557Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 99.46Touchdown distance was good at 756 ft. Touchdown speed at 80 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -71 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 42 °F. Wind 9 kn at 116 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Touchdown VSI was -71 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 756 ftTarget 1,498 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 80 knTarget 79 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.1 ft1.7 ft left 2.1 1.0 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.2 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.97 g min to max 1.14 g 0.97 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 80 kn79 kn min to max 80 kn 80 79 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °3.2 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 3.2 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,667 ft, 56 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,667 ft56 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.9 ft0.9 ft left to 2.0 ft right 0.9 -1.8 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Average speed 69 kn43 kn min to max 74 kn 74 43 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °0.3 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.5 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 8 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 13 kn8 kn min to max 37 kn 37 14 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.4 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.4 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 29 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 27 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn7 kn min to max 16 kn 14 7 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 knmax 15 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.4 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.6 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 1.0 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Engine 2 Stopped 3 ft agl · 3 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 107 kt with 5.2° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

210 kt14070020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.2° off9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH020406080 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 28 kt 1.4° 0 s
80 kt896 ft 80 kt 1.1° 40.1 s
Liftoff1,582 ft 107 kt 5.2° 44.7 s
35 ft2,147 ft · 3.2 s after liftoff 120 kt 8.9° 47.9 s
End of Climb 312,648 ft · 767 ft 190 kt 6.2° 89 s

Takeoff from KSEA 16C

Takeoff roll100.00
1,977ft21 %
Liftoff speed78.03
107kt
Runway alignment0.00
795.1ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb75.00
696fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 767 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 7,021 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,030 fpm on average to 767 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 107 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 9,422 ft runway.

Rolled from 254 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 795 ft at the widest, and lifted off 775 ft left. Airborne 19 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

2,0004,0006,0008,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS4 kn75 %widest 794.7 ft LROLL 254 FT INAirborne 1,836 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,836 ft of 9,422 ft · 19 %
Behind the start of the roll, 254 ftTakeoff roll, 1,582 ft Left ahead, 7,586 ft

The approach to 0S9 09

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 470 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,7481,4511,005698413204
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 3.2 nm, then drifted 400 ft left between 3.2 and 2.4 nm, then inside the band from 2.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND15 ft R399 ft L78 ft L27 ft R45 ft R1 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on 0S9 09

Over the threshold

Threshold height47.64
21ft
Threshold speed100.00
85kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.1ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
761ft
Centreline100.00
2.1ft L
Speed100.00
80kt
Touchdown rate97.83
-71fpm
Impact100.00
1.14G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 117° at 9 kt · 9 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 75 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.22 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 742 ft30 kt · 1,081 fttouchdown1,125 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 2,994 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 21 ft, 29 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 761 ft in, 239 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,994 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

21 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −70 fpm · 4.9° nose up · 80 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 21 ft, down at 761 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 440 fpm at 23 ft to 70 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−70 fpm at touchdown4.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 2,994 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2 ft of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 761 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 761 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,593 ft of 2,994 ft · 53 %
In the air over the runway, 761 ftRollout, 832 ft Left over, 1,401 ft
Rollout distance100.00
832ft53 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.0ft R

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