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SDIM
Itanhaem, Brazil
Runway 33
Elevation23 ft asl
Weight1,197 kg
Fuel244 kg
Wind35° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

96.86 %
SBST
Guaruja, Brazil
Runway 35
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight1,185 kg
Fuel231 kg
WindCalm
29 Apr 2024 0:24 34 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 13 kg
Departure Score
95.99 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
93.52 %

What went well

Touched down at -21 fpm — a soft arrival
Rollout held the centreline — 0.18 m off at taxi speed
Airborne in 422 m — 31 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 3.5 ° at 3 %, −1.32 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 20.5 ° at 51 %, −0.65 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, g force 0.01 to 0.97 g at 58 %, −0.62 points

Next time

Maintain a smooth pitch

See Departure Roll

When Vr arrives, an abrupt near-full-scale pull, pitch overshoots, a push, and an oscillation through the first 200 ft. It feels like “this aircraft is twitchy” but the actual fault happened before liftoff. The pitch trace needs to show a clean ramp during liftoff.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kn0 kn min to max 13 kn 1 13 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 knmax 10 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.84 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 0.94 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °2.1 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.2 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Departure Roll 90.77Departure roll runway 33 at SDIM Itanhaém Airport. Takeoff distance 864 m 64 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 73 kn. Local weather - Temperature 26 °C. Wind 2 kn at 35 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 864 m64 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 73 knTarget 70 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.86 m2.86 m left to 0.00 m left 1.89 0.57 m
58 % Average g force 0.41 g0.01 g min to max 0.97 g 0.97 0.01 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °3.0 ° min to max 4.2 ° 3.4 4.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.36Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 33 SDIM Itanhaém Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn75 kn min to max 82 kn 75 82 kn
97 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.00 g min to max 1.09 g 1.08 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 411 ft/m255 ft/m min to max 634 ft/m 255 634 ft/m
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 45 ft agl 0 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.8 °5.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 5.0 8.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 30 ft agl · 88 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.54Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 33 SDIM Itanhaém Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.8 °-1.4 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn81 kn min to max 87 kn 82 81 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.1 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.05 g 1.02 0.91 g
Info Average VSI 865 ft/m640 ft/m min to max 1,705 ft/m 640 1,705 ft/m
Info Average altitude 100 ft agl46 ft agl min to max 374 ft agl 46 374 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.4 °8.3 ° min to max 14.6 ° 8.5 14.6 °
Departure Climb 3 90.26Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 33 SDIM Itanhaém Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -1.6 °-2.1 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.4 -2.1 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn76 kn min to max 80 kn 80 80 kn
51 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.0 ° min to max 20.5 ° 2.0 20.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.87 g0.83 g min to max 0.92 g 0.90 0.92 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,123 ft/m542 ft/m min to max 1,696 ft/m 1,696 542 ft/m
Info Average altitude 532 ft agl402 ft agl min to max 614 ft agl 402 614 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.4 °5.9 ° min to max 14.6 ° 14.6 5.9 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 455 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 482 ft agl · 83 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north of Itanhaem (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Climbing from 643 ft asl to 5,229 ft asl, an increase of 4,587 ft in 6 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 89 kn79 kn min to max 98 kn 82 98 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.3 °0.1 ° min to max 25.9 ° 23.1 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.94 g0.76 g min to max 1.10 g 0.94 0.92 g
Info Average VSI 876 ft/m69 ft/m min to max 1,840 ft/m 458 69 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,093 ft asl643 ft asl min to max 5,229 ft asl 643 5,229 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.7 °2.1 ° min to max 15.1 ° 5.1 2.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south west of Mongagua (Sao Paulo, Brazil) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 5,166 ft asl5,138 ft asl min to max 5,223 ft asl 5,223 5,164 ft asl
100 % Average speed 141 kn109 kn min to max 149 kn 109 147 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.90 g min to max 0.96 g 0.96 0.93 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-1.5 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.5 -0.3 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles south west of Praia Grande (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Descent from 5,156 ft asl to 1,847 ft asl, a decrease of 3,309 ft in 4 minutes and covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 132 kn122 kn min to max 146 kn 146 122 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.6 °0.0 ° min to max 28.4 ° 0.0 25.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.88 g min to max 1.05 g 0.88 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -662 ft/m-1,186 ft/m min to max -199 ft/m -199 -556 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,079 ft asl1,847 ft asl min to max 5,156 ft asl 5,156 1,847 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.8 °-4.7 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.4 -2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 4,266 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4,255 ft agl · 150 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 4 miles south west of Praia Grande (Sao Paulo, Brazil).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 97 kn82 kn min to max 122 kn 122 82 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.1 °0.0 ° min to max 25.7 ° 25.7 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.94 g0.86 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 0.92 g
Info Average VSI -610 ft/m-1,187 ft/m min to max 42 ft/m -553 -772 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,230 ft asl498 ft asl min to max 1,837 ft asl 1,837 498 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-6.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° -2.4 -4.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,764 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,682 ft agl · 111 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,049 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Flaps Position 9 617 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival Final 1 80.19Approaching runway 35 at SBST Base Aerea De Santos from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 475 ft agl to 50 ft agl. A decrease of 426 ft in 34 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
3 % Approach angle 3.5 °2.8 ° min to max 4.6 °Target 3.0 ° 4.6 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 73 kn71 kn min to max 82 kn 82 71 kn
98 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.87 g min to max 1.05 g 0.93 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -665 ft/m-849 ft/m min to max -601 ft/m -758 -616 ft/m
Info Average altitude 132 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 475 ft agl 475 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.3 °-4.7 ° min to max -1.0 ° -3.8 -1.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 98.65Landing on runway 35 at SBST Base Aerea De Santos, runway length 1,390 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 71 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 71 kn. Target 70 kn
99 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
99 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.5 1.7 °
99 % Average g force 1.02 g0.75 g min to max 1.27 g 1.05 0.79 g
Info Average speed 63 kn50 kn min to max 71 kn 71 50 kn
Info Average VSI -203 ft/m-614 ft/m min to max 10 ft/m -614 -10 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 43 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °-1.0 ° min to max 9.0 ° -1.0 3.9 °
07515022530037545052501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 96.80Touchdown point was 123 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 50 kn was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -10 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 27 °C. Wind 0 kn at 0 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -10 ft/m.
88 % Touchdown distance was 564 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 50 knTarget 55 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.74 m0.66 m right -0.58 -0.74 m
95 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.2 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.7 0.4 °
77 % Average g force 0.56 g0.34 g min to max 0.79 g 0.79 0.34 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 50 kn49 kn min to max 50 kn 50 49 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °3.9 ° min to max 8.2 ° 3.9 8.2 °
Arrival Rollout 96.97Total landing distance 899 m, 65 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 899 m65 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 1.68 m0.69 m left to 0.99 m right -0.76 0.18 m
70 % Average g force 0.48 g0.22 g min to max 1.01 g 0.26 0.86 g
Info Average speed 52 kn32 kn min to max 57 kn 57 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °1.3 ° min to max 9.0 ° 8.7 2.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.5 0.0 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 50 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 2 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 14 kn9 kn min to max 25 kn 25 12 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °2.3 ° min to max 4.0 ° 2.5 3.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.3 °
Info Average g force 0.95 g0.81 g min to max 1.12 g 0.91 0.93 g

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 18 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 18 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Arrival Taxi 95.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn5 kn min to max 14 kn 13 7 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 knmax 12 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.12 g 0.96 0.96 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °2.3 ° min to max 4.8 ° 3.8 3.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.5 0.8 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 73 kt with 5.0° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.0° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 3 kt 3.4° 0 s
Liftoff397 m 73 kt 5.0° 14.2 s
35 ft644 m · 5.5 s after liftoff 82 kt 8.2° 19.7 s
End of Climb 32,036 m · 615 ft 80 kt 5.9° 50.8 s

Takeoff from SDIM 33

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
422m31 %
Liftoff speed100.00
73kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.86m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.36
411fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 615 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 657 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,010 fpm on average to 615 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 73 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,352 m runway.

Rolled from 51 m in, drifted 2.9 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 33 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 2.85 m LROLL 51 M INAirborne 449 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 449 m of 1,352 m · 33 %
Behind the start of the roll, 51 mTakeoff roll, 397 m Left ahead, 904 m

The approach to SBST 35

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 350 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND876566301
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 383 m left of the centreline at 1.6 nm, then inside the band from 0.5 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND323 m L43 m L15 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on SBST 35

Over the threshold

Threshold height96.49
43ft
Threshold speed100.00
70kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.03m L

Touchdown

Past threshold88.15
566m
Centreline100.00
0.74m R
Speed100.00
50kt
Touchdown rate100.00
-21fpm
Impact76.57
0.79G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 2° of bank.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 15 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 352 mtouchdown366 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,390 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 43 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 566 m in, 261 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,390 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

43 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −9 fpm · 3.9° nose up · 50 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 43 ft, down at 566 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 510 fpm at 40 ft to 10 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.9° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−9 fpm at touchdown3.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,390 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 566 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 566 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 884 m of 1,390 m · 64 %
In the air over the runway, 566 mRollout, 318 m Left over, 506 m
Rollout distance100.00
318m63 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
0.99m R

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