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KSAN
San Diego, United States
Runway 27
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight82,334 kg
Fuel14,903 kg
Wind260° · 7 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

99.09 %
KMSP
Minneapolis, United States
Runway 30L
Elevation830 ft asl
Weight74,113 kg
Fuel6,573 kg
Wind220° · 12 kn · 12 kn cross
4 Nov 2026 3:15 1396 nm Airbus A321ceo 8,330 kg
Departure Score
99.76 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
97.51 %

What went well

Rollout held the centreline in a 11 kn crosswind — 6.65 m off at taxi speed
Touchdown 342 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 48 ft and 143 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 362 fpm, −0.83 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 362 fpm−0.51
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.29
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.37 G at contact−0.02
Departure Roll — Rotation speed was 143 kt at 94 %, −0.08 points

Next time

Departure

Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 160 kt, then rotate.

What happened: You started the rotation at 143 kt, 17 kt before the 160 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 160 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Begin the flare with progressive back pressure and keep it coming until the sink is arrested, rather than flying it on flat.

What happened: The nose was barely raised in the flare and little of the sink was taken out, flying the aircraft onto the runway. This pattern usually carries through to a firm touchdown with a noticeable sink rate.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smoothly reducing sink through the normal flare band, not a steady rate into the runway.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 18 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 16 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 0 9 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 ktmax 14 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.4 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 8 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 8 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Roll 98.81Departure roll runway 27 at KSAN San Diego International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,178 m 51 % of runway. Rotation speed was 143 kt. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 7 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,178 m51 % of runway
94 % Rotation speed was 143 ktTarget 160 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.37 m left2.37 m left to 1.97 m right -1.97 -1.97 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.6 ° min to max 8.4 ° -0.6 8.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 27 KSAN San Diego International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 160 kt156 kt min to max 162 kt 156 162 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.03 g min to max 1.23 g 1.03 1.23 g
Info Average VSI 580 fpm200 fpm min to max 1,101 fpm 200 1,101 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl 0 28 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.5 °8.5 ° min to max 16.4 ° 8.5 16.4 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 48 ft agl · 164 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 48 ft agl · 164 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.98Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 27 KSAN San Diego International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 162 kt161 kt min to max 163 kt 162 161 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.20 g0.95 g min to max 1.26 g 1.23 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 1,869 fpm1,118 fpm min to max 3,263 fpm 1,118 3,263 fpm
Info Average altitude 84 ft agl29 ft agl min to max 310 ft agl 29 310 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 17.7 °16.5 ° min to max 18.2 ° 16.5 17.0 °
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 27 KSAN San Diego International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 155 kt152 kt min to max 160 ktTarget 168 kt, 13 kt slow 160 152 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.94 g0.93 g min to max 0.95 g 0.94 0.94 g
100 % Landing gear up at 21 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.5 °
Info Average VSI 3,066 fpm2,873 fpm min to max 3,250 fpm 3,250 2,873 fpm
Info Average altitude 655 ft agl358 ft agl min to max 941 ft agl 358 941 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 17.5 °17.2 ° min to max 17.8 ° 17.2 17.5 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile west of KSAN San Diego International Airport San Diego (California, United States). Climbing from 1,021 ft asl to 35,010 ft asl, an increase of 33,990 ft in 24 minutes and covering 158 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 262 kt147 kt min to max 298 kt 152 262 kt
100 % Average bank angle 14.6 °0.0 ° min to max 30.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.90 g min to max 1.21 g 0.95 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,683 fpm-50 fpm min to max 2,839 fpm 2,839 -1 fpm
Info Average altitude 13,059 ft asl1,021 ft asl min to max 35,011 ft asl 1,021 35,010 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °3.2 ° min to max 17.6 ° 17.6 3.7 °
Info Turn coordination -1-7 min to max 4 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 3,456 ft agl · 190 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3,692 ft agl · 224 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5,228 ft agl · 251 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 10,124 ft agl · 295 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 8 miles west of 72CL Iron Mountain Pumping Plant Airport Desert Center (California, United States) and lasted 132 minutes, covering 1,091 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,250 ft of 35,013 ft asl34,954 ft asl min to max 35,033 ft asl 35,010 35,010 ft asl
100 % Average speed 261 kt258 kt min to max 263 kt 262 259 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 18.9 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.07 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-5 min to max 4 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °3.1 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.6 3.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles west of Tracy (Minnesota, United States). Descent from 35,010 ft asl to 8,471 ft asl, a decrease of 26,538 ft in 18 minutes and covering 108 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 260 kt240 kt min to max 280 kt 259 241 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.9 °0.0 ° min to max 26.6 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.90 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -1,447 fpm-2,568 fpm min to max -8 fpm -14 -1,418 fpm
Info Average altitude 19,662 ft asl8,471 ft asl min to max 35,010 ft asl 35,010 8,471 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.3 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 1-1 min to max 6 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 8,995 ft agl · 285 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of Savage (Minnesota, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±911 ft of 8,011 ft asl7,848 ft asl min to max 8,224 ft asl 8,224 7,848 ft asl
100 % Average speed 222 kt211 kt min to max 240 kt 240 211 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °1.2 ° min to max 5.5 ° 1.2 3.4 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of Apple Valley (Minnesota, United States). Descent from 7,666 ft asl to 4,015 ft asl, a decrease of 3,651 ft in 3 minutes and covering 13 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 205 kt201 kt min to max 211 kt 211 206 kt
100 % Average bank angle 17.1 °0.0 ° min to max 25.1 ° 0.0 11.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.96 g min to max 1.18 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,077 fpm-1,971 fpm min to max -70 fpm -1,207 -93 fpm
Info Average altitude 5,264 ft asl4,015 ft asl min to max 7,666 ft asl 7,666 4,015 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-2.8 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.7 2.0 °
Info Turn coordination -4-11 min to max 2 0 -5

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 4,679 ft agl · 229 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 3,871 ft agl · 220 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles west of Hastings (Minnesota, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±701 ft of 3,993 ft asl3,771 ft asl min to max 4,011 ft asl 4,011 3,771 ft asl
100 % Average speed 203 kt162 kt min to max 206 kt 206 162 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.4 °0.0 ° min to max 23.7 ° 17.8 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.98 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination -3-8 min to max 6 -8 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °1.9 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.0 2.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 3,212 ft agl · 218 kt
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of 35MN Wipline Airport Inver Grove Heights (Minnesota, United States). Descent from 3,646 ft asl to 2,221 ft asl, a decrease of 1,425 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 148 kt145 kt min to max 160 kt 160 146 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -762 fpm-921 fpm min to max -540 fpm -540 -712 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,627 ft asl2,221 ft asl min to max 3,646 ft asl 3,646 2,221 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.2 1.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 2,499 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 2,293 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2,288 ft agl · 168 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 30L at KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport. Descent from 1,412 ft agl to 61 ft agl in 100 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 95.59Landing on runway 30L at KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport, runway length 3,045 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 143 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 143 kt. Target 144 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
82 % The flare mostly held the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.0° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 342 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
100 % Runway alignment max 6.48 m right5.72 m right to 6.48 m right -5.81 -6.48 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.9 0.1 °
100 % Peak g force 1.10 g0.99 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.10 g
Info Average speed 143 kt142 kt min to max 143 kt 143 142 kt
Info Average VSI -704 fpm-746 fpm min to max -512 fpm -737 -512 fpm
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl-11 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 48 -11 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °1.6 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.6 5.0 °
07515022530037501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 91.97Touchdown distance was good at 342 m. Touchdown speed at 142 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -362 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 9 °C. Wind 11 kt at 220 °. Crosswind: 11 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Touchdown rate was -362 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 342 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 142 ktTarget below 140 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 6.52 m right6.46 m right -6.48 -6.35 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.5 °
93 % Peak g force 1.37 g1.10 g min to max 1.37 g 1.10 1.23 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 142 kt142 kt min to max 142 kt 142 142 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.0 °4.9 ° min to max 5.0 ° 5.0 4.9 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,481 m, 49 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 10.2 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,481 m49 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 10.17 m left10.17 m left to 0.00 m left 3.96 6.65 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.15 g 1.15 1.00 g
Info Average speed 108 kt71 kt min to max 142 kt 142 71 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.5 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.0 -0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.5 0.2 °

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 11 ft agl · 143 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 53 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 51 kt18 kt min to max 71 kt 71 18 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.4 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 8 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 9 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 5 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt3 kt min to max 18 kt 18 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 16 ktmax 17 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.9 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.3 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 8 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 8 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 8 ft agl · 5 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 143 kt, 17 kt below the 160 kt target, and lifted off at 155 kt 4.6 s later, the nose coming up at 1.7° a second. Climb 3 averaged 155 kt, 13 kt under its 168 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 168180 kt12060020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1608.5° off · 1.7°/s18° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 15 kt -0.6° 0 s
80 kt367 m 80 kt 0.0° 24.1 s
Rotate1,288 m · target 160 143 kt 0.5° 40.5 s
Liftoff1,628 m · +12 kt from rotation 155 kt 8.5° 45.1 s
Gear up1,932 m · 21 ft · full marks to 400 ft 162 kt 14.7° 48.8 s
35 ft2,031 m · 4.9 s after liftoff 162 kt 17.7° 50.0 s
Climb 32,581 m · 358 ft to 941 ft · target 168 155 kt avg 17.2° 57.2 s
End of Climb 33,442 m · 941 ft 152 kt 17.5° 69 s

Takeoff from KSAN 27

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,178m51 %
Rotation speed94.03
143kttarget 160, 17 slow
Liftoff speed
155kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.37m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
21ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
155kttarget 168
Rate of climb100.00
579fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 941 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 725 m of runway left; gear up at 21 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,400 fpm on average to 941 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3155 kt avgtarget 168THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 143 kttarget 160Liftoff 155 ktGear up 21 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,310 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted right of the centreline, 3.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.9 m right. Airborne 51 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 3.15 m RAirborne 1,182 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,182 m of 2,310 m · 51 %
Takeoff roll, 1,182 m Left ahead, 1,128 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate740 fpm760 fpm
On glideslope3.3°3.2°
On centreline0.1° off0.1° off
On speed+2.9 kt−0.7 kt
Wings level0° bank0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KMSP 30L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 90 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,4007163842001,000 ft gate7 of 71,122 ft · 147 kt500 ft gate7 of 7574 ft · 143 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 35× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 11 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR27 m L027 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND9 m R5 m R4 m R5 m R10 m R4 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 22 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −2 kt and +3 kt on the approach speed of 144 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 144+2 kt−2 kt−0 kt−0 kt−1 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KMSP 30L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
48ft
Threshold speed100.00
143kttarget 144, 1 slow
Centreline offset100.00
6.48m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
342m
Centreline100.00
6.52m R
Speed100.00
142kttarget 140, 2 fast
Touchdown rate61.55
-362fpm
Impact93.14
1.37G
BouncesOk
None
The flare82.34

The flare mostly held the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.0° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 342 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The crosswind

11 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 142 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 220° at 12 kt · 2 kt head · 11 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 143 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 29 s, an average deceleration of 0.20 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012016060 kt · 1,254 m30 kt · 1,384 mtouchdown1,439 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,563 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 48 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 17 ft. Touched down 342 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,563 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

48 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 17 ft · −678 fpm · 3.2° · 143 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −361 fpm · 5°−361 fpm · 5° nose up · 142 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 48 ft, down at 342 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 680 fpm at the flare to 360 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−361 fpm at touchdown5° at touchdown, +1.8° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,563 m of the 3,045 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 6.4 m right of the centreline and drifted to 10 m left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 11 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 342 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 342 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 361 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 1,441 m of 3,045 m · 47 %
In the air over the runway, 342 mRollout, 1,099 m Left over, 1,604 m
Rollout distance100.00
1,099m47 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
10.17m L

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The Airbus A321ceo departed KSAN San Diego International Airport on runway 27. The take-off roll was 1,178 m, 51 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 143 kt. Local weather was 24 °C with wind 7 kt from 260°, giving a 3 kt crosswind and a 6 kt headwind.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 21 seconds, averaging 2,250 fpm and reaching 152 kt at the top. The aircraft then climbed from 1,021 ft asl to 35,010 ft asl in 24 minutes, covering 158 nm, beginning about 1 mile west of KSAN.

Cruise was maintained at 35,000 ft asl for 132 minutes, covering 1,091 nm, with the segment starting 8 miles west of 72CL Iron Mountain Pumping Plant Airport Desert Center.

Descent began from 35,010 ft asl to 2,221 ft asl in 26 minutes, covering 137 nm, starting 3 miles west of Tracy. Level-offs were made briefly at 8,000 ft asl and 4,000 ft asl.

Final approach to runway 30L at KMSP Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport descended from 1,412 ft agl to 61 ft agl in 100 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was landing gear down at 2,499 ft agl, 169 kt; final flap position 5 at 2,293 ft agl, 168 kt.

Landing on runway 30L, runway length 3,045 m, had a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 143 kt. The flare was described as very good, with little round-out. Touchdown occurred at 142 kt, a little fast, 342 m down the runway, with a firm rate of -362 fpm. The touchdown point was slightly misaligned by 6.5 m from the centreline. No bounce was observed. Total landing distance was 1,481 m, 49 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was slightly off by 10.2 m from the centreline.

Taxiing from the runway to the parking area took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 1,396 nm in 195 minutes and used 8,330 kg of fuel.

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