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CYVR
Vancouver, Canada
Runway 26L
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight1,621 lbs
Fuel152 lbs
Wind290° · 3 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

94.97 %
CYPK
Pitt Meadows, Canada
Runway 08R
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight1,615 lbs
Fuel145 lbs
Wind45° · 4 kn · 3 kn cross
20 Nov 2023 0:20 22 nm Van's RV-14A Blue 7 lbs
Departure Score
92.62 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
91.19 %

What went well

Touched down at -134 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,346 ft in — inside the full-score zone
1.20 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 81 kn at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 80 %, −1.81 points
Departure Taxi — beacon light off should be on, then taxi light off should be on; peak speed in a turn 20 kt at 59 %, −1.10 points
Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, then strobe light off should be on; Takeoff distance 12,800 ft at 0 %, Liftoff speed was 72 kn at 44 %, −0.88 points

Next time

Keep the approach speed on target

See Arrival Landing

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 83.50Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 8 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 16 kn0 kn min to max 22 kn 0 20 kn
59 % Average speed turning corners 15 knmax 20 kn 0 20 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °3.6 ° min to max 5.0 ° 4.9 4.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 86.79Departure roll runway 26L at CYVR Vancouver Intl. Takeoff distance 12,800 ft 119 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 72 kn. Local weather - Temperature 43 °F. Wind 3 kn at 290 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 12,800 ft119 % of runway
44 % Liftoff speed was 72 knTarget 64 kn
90 % Runway alignment max 14.6 ft14.6 ft left to 0.0 ft left 14.2 14.6 ft
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.95 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.97 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °4.2 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 4.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.3 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 95.29Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26L CYVR Vancouver Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Heading variation -2.1 °-2.3 ° min to max -1.8 ° -2.2 -2.3 °
100 % Average speed 89 kn72 kn min to max 101 kn 72 101 kn
96 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.4 2.6 °
98 % Average g force 1.11 g0.95 g min to max 1.28 g 0.97 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 767 ft/m406 ft/m min to max 1,127 ft/m 406 1,127 ft/m
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °3.9 ° min to max 12.0 ° 4.5 12.0 °
Departure Climb 2 97.90Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26L CYVR Vancouver Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Heading variation -2.2 °-2.3 ° min to max -1.2 ° -2.3 -1.2 °
100 % Average speed 105 kn101 kn min to max 116 kn 101 116 kn
96 % Average bank angle 3.1 °2.6 ° min to max 3.6 ° 2.7 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 1.11 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,640 ft/m1,168 ft/m min to max 2,418 ft/m 1,168 2,418 ft/m
Info Average altitude 118 ft agl51 ft agl min to max 395 ft agl 51 395 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.1 °12.1 ° min to max 14.9 ° 12.1 14.2 °
Departure Climb 3 99.64Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26L CYVR Vancouver Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.8 ° min to max 0.9 ° -0.8 0.9 °
100 % Average speed 115 kn110 kn min to max 117 kn 116 110 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.5 ° min to max 2.7 ° 2.5 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.92 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.92 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 2,934 ft/m2,500 ft/m min to max 3,234 ft/m 2,500 3,215 ft/m
Info Average altitude 708 ft agl435 ft agl min to max 986 ft agl 435 986 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 16.7 °14.5 ° min to max 18.4 ° 14.5 18.3 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CYVR Vancouver Intl Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada). Climbing from 1,098 ft asl to 4,139 ft asl, an increase of 3,040 ft in 2 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 115 kn100 kn min to max 126 kn 108 100 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.4 °0.1 ° min to max 28.1 ° 3.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.87 g min to max 1.15 g 0.90 0.93 g
Info Average VSI 2,378 ft/m1,080 ft/m min to max 3,088 ft/m 3,088 1,645 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,321 ft asl1,098 ft asl min to max 4,139 ft asl 1,098 4,139 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 13.1 °7.4 ° min to max 17.6 ° 17.6 11.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of CYVR Vancouver Intl Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 4,233 ft asl4,160 ft asl min to max 4,305 ft asl 4,203 4,305 ft asl
100 % Average speed 105 kn98 kn min to max 107 kn 98 105 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.1 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.1 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °1.9 ° min to max 3.9 ° 1.9 3.2 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles south east of Vancouver (Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada). Descent from 4,320 ft asl to 2,289 ft asl, a decrease of 2,032 ft in 4 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 107 kn101 kn min to max 111 kn 106 107 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.2 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.3 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -505 ft/m-1,364 ft/m min to max 172 ft/m 82 -362 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,335 ft asl2,289 ft asl min to max 4,344 ft asl 4,320 2,289 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-4.5 ° min to max 3.2 ° 2.8 0.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of New Westminster (Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,239 ft asl2,140 ft asl min to max 2,282 ft asl 2,282 2,140 ft asl
100 % Average speed 107 kn107 kn min to max 107 kn 107 107 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.2 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.1 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °0.7 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.7 1.2 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of New Westminster (Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada). Descent from 2,080 ft asl to 1,846 ft asl, a decrease of 233 ft in 1 minutes and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn93 kn min to max 108 kn 104 96 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.6 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.14 g 0.96 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -260 ft/m-1,010 ft/m min to max 380 ft/m -566 -641 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,906 ft asl1,846 ft asl min to max 2,080 ft asl 2,080 1,846 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-2.7 ° min to max 5.7 ° -0.6 -0.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 1 mile north east of New Westminster (Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 97 kn96 kn min to max 99 kn 97 97 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -765 ft/m-997 ft/m min to max -591 ft/m -627 -839 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,565 ft asl1,262 ft asl min to max 1,827 ft asl 1,827 1,262 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-2.3 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 -0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,632 ft agl · 100 kt
Arrival Final 4 100.00Approaching runway 08R at CYPK Pitt Meadows from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,239 ft agl to 911 ft agl. A decrease of 328 ft in 37 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.8 °2.8 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 94 kn92 kn min to max 97 kn 97 93 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.3 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -542 ft/m-777 ft/m min to max -382 ft/m -777 -382 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,060 ft agl911 ft agl min to max 1,239 ft agl 1,239 911 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.5 ° min to max 1.8 ° -0.5 1.8 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-320-240-160-80080160240320Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 3 100.00Approaching runway 08R at CYPK Pitt Meadows from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 899 ft agl to 664 ft agl. A decrease of 235 ft in 38 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.8 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 2.8 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 92 kn92 kn min to max 93 kn 92 93 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.1 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -360 ft/m-390 ft/m min to max -331 ft/m -354 -387 ft/m
Info Average altitude 786 ft agl664 ft agl min to max 899 ft agl 899 664 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °1.7 ° min to max 2.0 ° 2.0 1.7 °
22.252.52.7536006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-250-188-125-63063125188250Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 08R at CYPK Pitt Meadows from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 657 ft agl to 333 ft agl. A decrease of 324 ft in 38 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °3.1 ° min to max 3.3 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 91 kn90 kn min to max 93 kn 93 90 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.7 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -483 ft/m-756 ft/m min to max -331 ft/m -382 -756 ft/m
Info Average altitude 514 ft agl333 ft agl min to max 657 ft agl 657 333 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-0.3 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.7 -0.3 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-190-143-95-4804895143190Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 96.47Approaching runway 08R at CYPK Pitt Meadows from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 322 ft agl to 36 ft agl. A decrease of 286 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
82 % Approach angle 2.4 °2.1 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 2.1 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn81 kn min to max 90 kn 90 81 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.7 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -471 ft/m-760 ft/m min to max -329 ft/m -760 -329 ft/m
Info Average altitude 90 ft agl36 ft agl min to max 322 ft agl 322 36 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °0.2 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.2 4.5 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 61.90Landing on runway 08R at CYPK Pitt Meadows, runway length 4,635 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 81 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 81 kn. Target 60 kn
80 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.4 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average speed 75 kn69 kn min to max 81 kn 81 69 kn
Info Average VSI -174 ft/m-327 ft/m min to max -93 ft/m -327 -134 ft/m
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 30 ft agl 30 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °4.6 ° min to max 7.9 ° 4.6 6.9 °
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,75001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,750-60-48-36-24-1201224364860Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 97.03Touchdown point was 172 ft beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 69 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -134 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 52 °F. Wind 4 kn at 44 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Touchdown VSI was -134 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,341 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 69 knTarget 52 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 4.4 ft3.4 ft right -2.5 -3.8 ft
85 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.6 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.86 g min to max 1.20 g 1.01 1.03 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 68 kn67 kn min to max 69 kn 69 67 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °4.3 ° min to max 8.2 ° 6.9 4.7 °
Arrival Rollout 82.91Total landing distance 2,497 ft, 54 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 41 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 2,497 ft54 % of runway.
62 % Runway alignment max 44.9 ft41.1 ft left to 3.8 ft right -3.8 41.1 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.04 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average speed 57 kn34 kn min to max 63 kn 63 34 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °4.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.7 4.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.1 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 59 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 25 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kn5 kn min to max 29 kn 29 5 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °3.7 ° min to max 4.7 ° 3.7 3.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 1.02 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 71 kt with 4.5° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF4.5° off12° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 24 kt 4.9° 0 s
Liftoff823 ft 71 kt 4.5° 13.4 s
35 ft1,519 ft · 5.0 s after liftoff 100 kt 11.8° 18.4 s
End of Climb 35,413 ft · 986 ft 110 kt 18.3° 40.9 s

Takeoff from CYVR 26L

Takeoff roll100.00
377ft3 %
Liftoff speed44.04
71kt
Runway alignment89.89
14.6ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb95.29
767fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 986 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 9,694 ft of runway left; then climbing at 2,150 fpm on average to 986 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 71 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 10,774 ft runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 15 ft at the widest, and lifted off 15 ft left. Airborne 3 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

2,0004,0006,0008,00010,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 14.8 ft LAirborne 384 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 384 ft of 10,774 ft · 4 %
Takeoff roll, 384 ft Left ahead, 10,390 ft

The approach to CYPK 08R

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 80 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,323939698572391196
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 22× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 60 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR140 ft L0140 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND47 ft L24 ft L15 ft R0 ft L12 ft L7 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYPK 08R

Over the threshold

Threshold height67.27
30ft
Threshold speed0.00
80kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.1ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,346ft
Centreline100.00
4.4ft R
Speed100.00
69kt
Touchdown rate91.13
-134fpm
Impact100.00
1.20G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 4° left of the track, wings level.

Wind 045° at 4 kt · 3 kt head · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 4,635 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 30 ft, 20 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,346 ft in, 346 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 4,635 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

30 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −134 fpm · 6.9° nose up · 69 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 30 ft, down at 1,346 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 320 fpm at 34 ft to 130 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.4° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−134 fpm at touchdown6.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 4,635 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 30 ft left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,346 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,346 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,171 ft of 4,635 ft · 47 %
In the air over the runway, 1,346 ftRollout, 825 ft Left over, 2,464 ft
Rollout distance100.00
825ft47 % used
Rollout alignment62.02
41.1ft L

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