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KGON
Groton\/New London, United States
Runway 15
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight4,767 kg
Fuel1,427 kg
Wind280° · 10 kn · 6 kn cross

Flight Score

50.89 %
3NY8
Calverton, United States
Runway 23
Elevation72 ft asl
Weight4,497 kg
Fuel1,083 kg
19 Apr 2023 0:53 2 nm Aermacchi MB-339A 343 kg
Departure Score
85.00 %
Enroute Score
0.00 %
Arrival Score
67.68 %

What went well

Airborne in 725 m — 68 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — GPWS warning; Touchdown distance was 0 m at 0 %, bank angle up to 4.1 ° at 0 %, −8.16 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 104.16 m at 0 %, −8.00 points
Departure Climb 1 — speed limits at 0 %, −4.28 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 9 stages, 8 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Arrival Touchdown 51.03Touchdown was before threshold. Touchdown speed at 149 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was hard at -458 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 9.0 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 18 kn at 310 °. Crosswind: 18 kn Tailwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
57 % Touchdown VSI was -458 ft/m.
0 % Touchdown distance was 0 mTarget 305 m
33 % Speed at touchdown 149 knTarget 110 kn
74 % Runway alignment max 9.00 m8.82 m left 8.99 8.49 m
0 % Average bank angle 3.1 °1.9 ° min to max 4.1 ° 1.9 4.1 °
83 % Average g force 1.38 g1.21 g min to max 1.55 g 1.31 1.21 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 149 kn148 kn min to max 149 kn 149 148 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °1.2 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.6 1.2 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from an earlier stage 528 ft agl · 178 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 4 ft agl · 148 kt
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 5 kn0 kn min to max 7 kn 0 7 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.1 1.3 °

Events

Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 4 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 4 ft agl · 17 kt
Departure Roll 86.50Departure roll runway 15 at KGON Groton-New London. Takeoff distance 741 m 70 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 105 kn. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 10 kn at 280 °. Crosswind: 6 kn Tailwind: 8 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 741 m70 % of runway
68 % Liftoff speed was 105 knTarget 130 kn
65 % Runway alignment max 16.31 m4.60 m left to 11.71 m right -0.81 4.60 m
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.91 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.97 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 9.9 ° 0.4 9.9 °
Info Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 0.2 4.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 57.22Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 KGON Groton-New London.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Heading variation -0.9 °-1.5 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -1.5 °
0 % Average speed 111 kn104 kn min to max 119 kn 105 118 kn
95 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 4.0 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.88 g min to max 1.06 g 0.97 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 608 ft/m355 ft/m min to max 860 ft/m 355 860 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 46 ft agl 0 46 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.7 °9.4 ° min to max 13.0 ° 9.9 12.8 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Deactivated 36 ft agl · 114 kt
Departure Climb 2 91.17Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 KGON Groton-New London.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Heading variation -1.9 °-3.1 ° min to max -1.6 ° -1.6 -3.1 °
100 % Average speed 126 kn118 kn min to max 145 kn 119 145 kn
79 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 10.1 ° 2.6 10.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.77 g min to max 1.12 g 1.03 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 1,396 ft/m878 ft/m min to max 2,465 ft/m 878 1,895 ft/m
Info Average altitude 117 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 388 ft agl 50 388 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.9 °12.3 ° min to max 16.5 ° 12.8 12.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 123 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 208 ft agl · 133 kt
Departure Climb 3 90.09Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 15 KGON Groton-New London.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -2.7 °-3.3 ° min to max -1.4 ° -3.3 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 164 kn149 kn min to max 177 kn 149 177 kn
50 % Average bank angle 16.0 °11.8 ° min to max 20.8 ° 13.1 20.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.98 g min to max 1.14 g 1.04 1.01 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 2,870 ft/m1,937 ft/m min to max 4,086 ft/m 1,937 4,086 ft/m
Info Average altitude 665 ft agl418 ft agl min to max 977 ft agl 418 977 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.4 °12.9 ° min to max 18.4 ° 13.5 18.3 °
Arrival Rollout 52.01Total landing distance 577 m, 28 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 95.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 577 m28 % of runway.
0 % Runway alignment max 104.16 m8.34 m left to 95.82 m right 8.34 -95.82 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.91 g min to max 1.18 g 1.18 1.01 g
Info Average speed 138 kn79 kn min to max 148 kn 148 79 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 -0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 5.5 °1.8 ° min to max 8.6 ° 4.3 2.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 9 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kn0 kn min to max 69 kn 69 10 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.9 ° -0.4 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.9 0.7 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 4 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4 ft agl
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 8 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn0 kn min to max 15 kn 10 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 knmax 11 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 4 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 4 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 4 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 4 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl · 2 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 104 kt with 9.9° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

180 kt12060020°10°0°LIFTOFF9.9° off12° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 0.4° 0 s
80 kt339 m 80 kt 0.3° 11.7 s
Liftoff534 m 104 kt 9.9° 15.3 s
35 ft794 m · 4.1 s after liftoff 116 kt 12.5° 19.4 s
End of Climb 32,646 m · 977 ft 177 kt 18.3° 45.5 s

Takeoff from KGON 15

Takeoff roll100.00
725m68 %
Liftoff speed67.69
104kt
Runway alignment64.82
11.71m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb57.22
608fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 977 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 71 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,940 fpm on average to 977 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 104 ktSCALE CHANGES1.8 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,060 m runway.

Rolled from 195 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 12 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.7 m left, in 7 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 68 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS7 kn75 %widest 11.74 m RROLL 195 M INAirborne 729 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 729 m of 1,060 m · 69 %
Behind the start of the roll, 195 mTakeoff roll, 534 m Left ahead, 331 m

The approach to 3NY8 23

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

On the glideslope from 2.7 nm, where the final began, to 1.3 nm, then high to 1.0 nm (up to 160 ft over), then back on it to 0.6 nm, then high to the threshold (up to 140 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND656613458339
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 1,224 m right of the centreline at 2.7 nm, then 56 m left of it from 0.7 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1003 m R298 m R52 m R51 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on 3NY8 23

Over the threshold

Threshold height
100ft
Threshold speed
166kt

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
981m
Centreline74.19
9.00m L
Speed32.53
148kt
Touchdown rate57.02
-458fpm
Impact82.86
1.55G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,679 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 100 ft, 50 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 981 m in, 676 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,679 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

100 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 100 ft, down at 981 m

Plan view — the first 1,679 m of the 2,095 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 8.5 m left of the centreline and drifted to 30 m right on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 981 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 981 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 458 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 1,558 m of 2,095 m · 74 %
In the air over the runway, 981 mRollout, 577 m Left over, 537 m
Rollout distance100.00
577m73 % used
Rollout alignment0.00
95.82m R

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