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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Hold the centreline with small, continuous rudder corrections aimed at a fixed point at the far end of the runway.
What happened: You drifted off the runway centreline by 46 ft during the ground roll, and this flight's climbout carried a bank of 25° in Climb 1 that was still present as 11° in Climb 2. A wandering roll like this usually rolls straight into a wandering climb attitude that follows.
Watch for: Watch the attitude indicator and keep the wings level, holding bank under 25° through the climb.
Arrival
Adjust power to bring the approach speed onto 143 kt and hold it through the gates.
What happened: The approach speed deviated from the target through the stabilisation gates. This kind of deviation usually carries through to an unstable threshold crossing.
Watch for: Watch the airspeed indicator against 143 kt.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 21 stages, 19 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 157 kt with −8.4° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 78 ft.
Reached 35 ft 2,256 ft past the runway end.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 11,976 ft runway.
Rolled from 1,050 ft in, drifted right of the centreline, 47 ft at the widest, and lifted off 26 ft right. Airborne 106 % of the way down the runway, past the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 143 kt.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 143 kt.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 3.5 nm, then not again: slow from 3.5 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 60 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 31× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 40 ft off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 3.5 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −7 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare strayed well off the target profile. The flare began at 0 ft agl above the runway, lower than this type wants. Touchdown was 377 ft past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 5° left of the track, 3° of bank.
Wind 228° at 2 kt · 1 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 70 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 24 s, an average deceleration of 0.09 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 14 ft, 36 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 0 ft. Touched down 377 ft in, 623 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink stayed between 400 fpm and 430 fpm from the flare to the runway. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 11,580 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 31 ft right of the centreline, and steered back to 5 ft left by the end of the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 377 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.99 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.
The rest of the report
The A21N taxied from the parking area to runway 08 at KDEN Denver International Airport, a movement that required 15 minutes and covered 2 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 08, the aircraft used a takeoff distance of 12,578 ft, representing 105 % of the runway length, and achieved liftoff at 158 kt; ambient conditions were 67 °F with a wind of 1 kt from 338°, a 1 kt cross-wind and a 1 kt tailwind.
The first climb began 3 nm east of KDEN, where the airplane rose from 5,231 ft asl to 21,991 ft asl, an altitude gain of 16,760 ft accomplished in 10 minutes while covering 55 nm.
A brief level cruise followed 3 nm east of KDEN, lasting less than 1 minute and extending for less than 1 nm.
Subsequent cruise segment started 9 nm south-west of Akron, Colorado, lasting 3 minutes and encompassing 25 nm.
The second climb commenced 3 nm east of 26V Stansfield Otis, Colorado, with the aircraft climbing from 21,994 ft asl to 36,659 ft asl, a gain of 14,666 ft achieved in 13 minutes over 97 nm.
A longer cruise phase began 3 nm south-west of NE15 Starns Auxiliary Airport, Ashland, Nebraska, persisting for 49 minutes and covering 380 nm.
Descent phase one started 1 nm south-west of Parkersburg, Iowa, where the airplane descended from 36,984 ft asl to 7,024 ft asl, a loss of 29,960 ft in 24 minutes while traveling 135 nm.
A short cruise followed overhead Lanark, Illinois, lasting 5 minutes and spanning 14 nm.
Descent phase two began 3 nm west of Mount Morris, Illinois, with a reduction from 6,990 ft asl to 4,994 ft asl, a decrease of 1,997 ft in 3 minutes covering 10 nm.
The next cruise segment originated 2 nm east of Oregon, Illinois, lasting 27 minutes and extending 76 nm.
Descent phase three started 1 nm east of Near North Side, Illinois, descending from 4,977 ft asl to 2,440 ft asl, a loss of 2,537 ft in 3 minutes over 8 nm.
A further cruise began 1 nm south-east of Lincolnwood, Illinois, lasting 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
The final approach to runway 27C at KORD Chicago O’Hare International Airport was executed from the east, on a heading of 270.0°, at 4 nm and 1,195 ft agl.
Landing on runway 27C, which is 11,580 ft long, was achieved with a threshold speed of 136 kt; touchdown occurred at 136 kt, 372 ft down the runway, with a heavy touchdown rate of minus 612 fpm and a lateral deviation of 31 ft from the centreline. Weather at the time was 70 °F with a wind of 2 kt from 218°, a 1 kt cross-wind and a 1 kt headwind.
Rollout distance measured 2,549 ft, representing 22 % of the runway length, and the aircraft remained slightly misaligned by 31 ft from the centreline during the rollout.
In total, the flight covered 814 nm, taking 151 and consumed 10,567 lbs of fuel.
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