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CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 05
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight33,640 kg
Fuel2,929 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

97.75 %
KDTW
Detroit, United States
Runway 04L
Elevation643 ft asl
Weight31,776 kg
Fuel921 kg
Wind180° · 5 kn · 2 kn cross
25 Oct 2026 1:11 275 nm CRJ900 2,008 kg
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
96.55 %
Arrival Score
96.69 %

What went well

Touchdown 305 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 19 ft and 133 kt — both inside band
Straight touchdown — 1.17 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Enroute Descent — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft; speed limits at 57 %, −1.15 points
Arrival Approach — 1,000 ft gate 86 %, 500 ft gate 86 %, −0.95 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -212 fpm at 89 %, −0.15 points

Next time

Arrival

Make small rudder corrections against a fixed point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline.

What happened: You drifted off the centreline on the approach.

Watch for: Runway centreline: tracked all the way to the threshold.

See Arrival Approach

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 18 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 18 minutes and covered 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 20 kt 0 8 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-2.9 ° min to max -1.4 ° -2.0 -1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Started 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 7 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 7 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, Average speed was 8 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 8 kt8 kt min to max 8 kt 8 8 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-1.6 ° min to max -1.6 ° -1.6 -1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport. Takeoff distance 2,184 m 65 % of runway. Rotation speed was 150 kt. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,184 m65 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 150 ktTarget 145 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.95 m left3.95 m left to 0.00 m left 0.26 3.95 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.95 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-2.5 ° min to max 6.2 ° -1.6 6.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 05 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 169 kt162 kt min to max 175 kt 162 175 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.2 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 0.96 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 448 fpm260 fpm min to max 666 fpm 260 666 fpm
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 0 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °6.3 ° min to max 8.0 ° 6.3 8.0 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 05 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.0 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 177 kt175 kt min to max 183 kt 175 183 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.8 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.0 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.00 g min to max 1.07 g 1.05 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 992 fpm678 fpm min to max 2,214 fpm 678 2,214 fpm
Info Average altitude 99 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 382 ft agl 49 382 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.7 °8.0 ° min to max 11.7 ° 8.0 11.7 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 100 ft agl · 176 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 05 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 182 kt181 kt min to max 183 ktTarget 166 kt, 16 kt fast 183 182 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 3.8 4.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.86 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.97 g
100 % Landing gear up at 89 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.4 1.4 °
Info Average VSI 2,100 fpm1,804 fpm min to max 2,568 fpm 2,356 1,804 fpm
Info Average altitude 704 ft agl422 ft agl min to max 971 ft agl 422 971 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.1 °8.9 ° min to max 12.2 ° 11.9 8.9 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 2 miles north east of CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,563 ft asl to 26,856 ft asl, an increase of 25,294 ft in 14 minutes and covering 82 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 228 kt179 kt min to max 321 kt 182 320 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.6 °0.0 ° min to max 32.4 ° 3.3 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.90 g min to max 1.18 g 0.97 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 2,070 fpm8 fpm min to max 2,767 fpm 1,786 8 fpm
Info Average altitude 11,701 ft asl1,563 ft asl min to max 26,856 ft asl 1,563 26,856 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °1.2 ° min to max 12.0 ° 8.9 1.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,180 ft agl · 187 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 6,942 ft agl · 202 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 8,182 ft agl · 229 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 11,076 ft agl · 260 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 11,119 ft agl · 260 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 5 miles north east of CYNO Courtland / Tillsonburg Flying Club Field Norfolk County (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 56 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,843 ft of 26,869 ft asl26,853 ft asl min to max 26,889 ft asl 26,858 26,886 ft asl
100 % Average speed 314 kt313 kt min to max 318 kt 318 314 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.7 °0.0 ° min to max 27.1 ° 0.6 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °1.2 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.2 1.3 °
Enroute Descent 82.75Enroute descent started 5 miles north of CPN2 Pinder Rodney (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 26,889 ft asl to 3,906 ft asl, a decrease of 22,984 ft in 14 minutes and covering 83 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
57 % Average speed 290 kt191 kt min to max 332 kt 314 191 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.9 °0.0 ° min to max 31.6 ° 0.7 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.95 g min to max 1.17 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,915 fpm-2,408 fpm min to max 37 fpm 37 35 fpm
Info Average altitude 15,801 ft asl3,896 ft asl min to max 26,894 ft asl 26,889 3,906 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-2.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° 1.3 6.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 9,341 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,404 ft agl · 317 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 9,404 ft agl · 317 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Wayne (Michigan, United States) and lasted 11 minutes, covering 34 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±696 ft of 3,915 ft asl3,623 ft asl min to max 3,969 ft asl 3,913 3,623 ft asl
100 % Average speed 178 kt168 kt min to max 195 kt 190 194 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.1 °0.0 ° min to max 31.9 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.92 g min to max 1.20 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °1.1 ° min to max 6.7 ° 6.2 1.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 3,246 ft agl · 201 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 3,250 ft agl · 190 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 3,187 ft agl · 198 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,187 ft agl · 198 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,187 ft agl · 198 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south of 71MI Johnston Airport Belleville (Michigan, United States). Descent from 3,550 ft asl to 1,448 ft asl, a decrease of 2,102 ft in 2 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 148 kt127 kt min to max 191 kt 191 133 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° 0.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -1,017 fpm-1,955 fpm min to max 66 fpm -482 -35 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,112 ft asl1,445 ft asl min to max 3,550 ft asl 3,550 1,448 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-4.0 ° min to max 5.6 ° 1.3 3.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,580 ft agl · 190 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 2,539 ft agl · 188 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,245 ft agl · 185 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,120 ft agl · 170 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,685 ft agl · 162 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,266 ft agl · 142 kt
Go-around Go-Around runway 04L at KDTW Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport at 798 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 134 kt132 kt min to max 136 kt 135 136 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 0.96 g
Info Average altitude 866 ft agl798 ft agl min to max 907 ft agl 798 907 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °3.1 ° min to max 7.4 ° 5.6 3.1 °
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 04L at KDTW Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. Descent from 805 ft agl to 29 ft agl in 98 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
50 % On centrelinefailed at one of the two gates
50 % On speedfailed at one of the two gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 04L at KDTW Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport, runway length 3,047 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 134 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 134 kt. Target 130 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 1.91 m right0.91 m right to 1.91 m right -1.91 -0.91 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.00 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 1.03 g
Info Average speed 133 kt130 kt min to max 134 kt 134 130 kt
Info Average VSI -312 fpm-500 fpm min to max -205 fpm -500 -205 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 20 ft agl 20 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °2.9 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 3.4 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.74Touchdown distance was good at 305 m. Touchdown speed at 130 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -212 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 5 kt at 180 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Tailwind: 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Touchdown rate was -212 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 305 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 130 ktTarget below 130 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.17 m right1.01 m right -0.91 -1.17 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.3 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.00 g min to max 1.20 g 1.03 1.08 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 130 kt129 kt min to max 130 kt 130 129 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °3.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 3.1 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,668 m, 55 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,668 m55 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.32 m right0.39 m left to 3.32 m right -2.29 0.39 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Average speed 116 kt69 kt min to max 132 kt 132 69 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-2.4 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 -2.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.5 0.2 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 30 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 33 kt12 kt min to max 67 kt 67 13 kt
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-2.3 ° min to max -1.9 ° -2.3 -2.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 7 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 17 kt 13 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 11 ktmax 12 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-2.7 ° min to max -1.6 ° -2.3 -2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 7 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 150 kt, 5 kt above the 145 kt target, and lifted off at 161 kt 4.6 s later, the nose coming up at 1.7° a second. Climb 3 averaged 182 kt, 16 kt over its 166 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 166210 kt14070020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1456.3° off · 1.7°/s8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH020406080 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 9 kt -1.6° 0 s
80 kt432 m 80 kt -2.4° 21.7 s
Rotate1,704 m · target 145 150 kt -1.6° 42.7 s
Liftoff2,075 m · +11 kt from rotation 161 kt 6.3° 47.3 s
35 ft2,597 m · 6.0 s after liftoff 173 kt 7.7° 53.4 s
Gear up2,925 m · 89 ft · full marks to 400 ft 178 kt 8.6° 57.0 s
Climb 33,945 m · 422 ft to 971 ft · target 166 182 kt avg 11.9° 68 s
End of Climb 35,463 m · 971 ft 182 kt 8.9° 84 s

Takeoff from CYYZ 05

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
2,184m65 %
Rotation speed100.00
150kttarget 145, 5 fast
Liftoff speed
161kt
Runway alignment100.00
3.95m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
89ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
182kttarget 166
Rate of climb100.00
447fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 971 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 635 m of runway left; gear up at 89 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,570 fpm on average to 971 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3182 kt avgtarget 166THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 150 kttarget 145Liftoff 161 ktGear up 89 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,343 m runway.

Rolled from 112 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 3.7 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.7 m left. Airborne 65 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 3.67 m LROLL 112 M INAirborne 2,187 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,187 m of 3,343 m · 65 %
Behind the start of the roll, 112 mTakeoff roll, 2,075 m Left ahead, 1,156 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 85.716 of 7500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate240 fpm870 fpm
On glideslope2.5°4.0°
On centreline1.3° off0.0° off
On speed+2.4 kt+21 kt
Wings level1° bank1° bank

At the 1,000 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 20 kt above the approach speed of 130 kt.

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 1.3 to 0.2 nm, then not again: low from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KDTW 04L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Low from 4 nm to 3.6 nm (up to 530 ft under), then back on it to 0.2 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 50 ft under).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND7978544651881,000 ft gate6 of 7on centreline881 ft · 132 kt500 ft gate6 of 7on speed716 ft · 151 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 144 m right of the centreline, then inside the band from 2.7 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND132 m R32 m R8 m L6 m R126 m R2 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 33 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 1.6 nm, then fast to 1.4 nm (up to +21 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

120140160180 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 130+2 kt+18 kt+14 kt+3 kt+4 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KDTW 04L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
19ft
Threshold speed100.00
133kttarget 130, 3 fast
Centreline offset100.00
1.91m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
305m
Centreline100.00
1.17m R
Speed100.00
130kttarget 130 or less
Touchdown rate88.71
-212fpm
Impact100.00
1.20G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 180° at 5 kt · 4 kt tail · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 134 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 52 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 1,532 m30 kt · 1,987 mtouchdown2,066 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,754 m of the approach.

Began the flare at 32 ft, 87 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 19 ft, 31 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 305 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,754 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

19 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 32 ft, 87 m before the threshold−618 fpm · 2.7° · 134 ktdescent slowed at 1 ft · −215 fpm · 3.5°−212 fpm · 3.4° nose up · 130 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 19 ft, down at 305 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 620 fpm at the flare to 210 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 0.7° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°descent slowedtouchdown−212 fpm at touchdown3.4° at touchdown, +0.7° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,754 m of the 3,047 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2.6 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 305 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 305 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,632 m of 3,047 m · 54 %
In the air over the runway, 305 mRollout, 1,327 m Left over, 1,415 m
Rollout distance100.00
1,327m54 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
3.32m R

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The CRJ900 taxied from the parking area to runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, a taxi of 18 minutes covering 4 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 05 using 2,184 m of runway, which was 65 % of the available length. Rotation occurred at 150 kt. Local weather at departure reported a temperature of 11 °C.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 35 seconds, averaging 1,390 fpm and reaching 182 kt at the top of the segment.

The climb continued from 1,563 ft asl to 26,856 ft asl in 14 minutes, covering 82 nm, beginning 2 nm north-east of CYYZ.

Level flight was held at 26,900 ft asl for 7 minutes, covering 56 nm, beginning 5 nm north-east of CYNO Courtland / Tillsonburg Flying Club Field Norfolk County.

Descent from 26,889 ft asl to 3,906 ft asl took 14 minutes over 83 nm, beginning 5 nm north of CPN2 Pinder Rodney.

A further level segment at 3,900 ft asl lasted 11 minutes and covered 34 nm, beginning 1 nm south-west of Wayne.

Descent from 3,550 ft asl to 1,448 ft asl was completed in 2 minutes, covering 7 nm, beginning 1 nm south of 71MI Johnston Airport Belleville.

A go-around was executed on runway 04L at KDTW Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport at 798 ft agl.

On the subsequent final approach to runway 04L at KDTW, descent from 805 ft agl to 29 ft agl took 98 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, and wings level; they were not met for centreline (at one gate) and speed (at one gate). Configuration changes were: landing gear down at 2,120 ft agl at 170 kt; final flap position 5 at 1,266 ft agl at 142 kt; autopilot disconnected at 2,539 ft agl at 188 kt.

Landing on runway 04L, runway length 3,047 m, had a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 134 kt. The flare was described as perfect. Touchdown occurred 305 m down the runway at 130 kt, a little fast, with a touchdown rate of minus 212 fpm and perfect runway-touchdown alignment. No bounce was observed. Total landing distance was 1,668 m, 55 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good. Local weather at landing was temperature 11 °C, wind 5 kt from 180°, crosswind 2 kt, tailwind 4 kt.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in 7 minutes, covering 1 nm.

The entire flight covered 275 nm in 71 minutes and used 2,008 kg of fuel.

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