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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Work on the flare
See Arrival Landing
On a 3° glideslope your sink rate in feet per minute is roughly your groundspeed in knots times five (5.3, strictly). A Cessna 172 at 65 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 345 fpm. An A320 at 140 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 740 fpm. the entire job of the flare is to take that 350 to 750 fpm and reduce it to something in the normal band, in roughly the last five seconds of the flight.
Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight SimulatorStart to finish · 12 stages, 11 in the score
Events
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 56 kt, on the 56 kt target, and lifted off at 59 kt 0.8 s later, the nose coming up at 2.6° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 78 kt target, at 74 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 962 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 191 m of runway left; then climbing at 660 fpm on average to 962 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 998 m runway.
Rolled from 68 m in, drifted 1.8 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 47 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 0.6 nm, about 250 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 300 ft gate. The last to settle was the centreline.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.1 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 120 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 345 m right of the centreline at 1.1 nm, then inside the band from 0.6 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 29 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +16 kt on the approach speed of 58 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Excellent landing flare. It lost 2.9 points, mostly for touching down 6.3° above the aircraft's ground attitude.
No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 998 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 13 ft, 9 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 11 ft, 39 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 257 m in, 48 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 998 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 370 fpm at the flare to 50 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.9° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 998 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 257 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 172 departed from runway 19 at 1L8 General Dick Stout Field. The take-off roll was 507 m, using 51 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 56 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 16 °C, wind 5 kt from 139°, giving a 4 kt crosswind and a 3 kt headwind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 84 seconds, averaging 652 fpm and reaching 76 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 4,396 ft asl to 5,838 ft asl in 3 minutes while covering 5 nm, passing overhead UT47 Grassy Meadows/Sky Ranch Landowners Assn Airport Hurricane. Level flight was maintained at 6,200 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering another 5 nm, beginning about 1 mile southwest of Hurricane.
Descent began from 5,824 ft asl to 3,693 ft asl in 3 minutes, covering 6 nm, starting 2 miles west of LaVerkin. The final approach to runway 19 at 1L8 began with a descent from 559 ft agl to 99 ft agl in 54 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, on speed. The aircraft was in flap position 3 at 425 ft agl and was flying 79 kt.
Landing on runway 19 was completed with a good threshold height. Threshold speed was 56 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 257 m down the runway at 48 kt with a descent rate of minus 47 fpm and perfect runway alignment. No bounce was observed. Local weather at landing was temperature 16 °C, wind 3 kt from 144°, giving a 3 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind.
The total flight covered 20 nm in 14 minutes and consumed 5 kg of fuel.
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