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CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 26
Elevation1,030 ft asl
Weight997 kg
Fuel76 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn

Flight Score

62.25 %
CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway XX
Elevation1,026 ft asl
Weight994 kg
Fuel73 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn
3 Apr 2024 0:05 2 nm Cessna Skyhawk 3 kg
Departure Score
94.46 %
Pattern Score
25.73 %
Arrival Score
70.26 %

What went well

Touchdown 114 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 31 % of the runway used
Airborne in 582 m — 27 % of the runway

What held you back

Pattern Crosswind — Heading -127.5 ° at 0 %, speed limits at 0 %, −16.67 points
Pattern Entry — speed limits at 0 %, g force 0.60 to 1.87 g at 65 %, −8.09 points
Arrival Rollout — Alignment max 134.51 m at 0 %, −3.00 points

Next time

Improve the rollout

See Arrival Rollout

Ground control varies with speed, full authority at walking pace, progressively reducing as groundspeed rises. The aircraft becomes twitchy at any speed, every small pedal input swings the nose, which can encourage large-amplitude leg inputs that no real aircraft would accept.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 14 stages, 11 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 61 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 61 knTarget 62 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 5.82 m2.79 m left to 3.03 m right -1.04 -3.03 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 0.97 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.3 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.3 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.2 1.3 °

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Climb 1 98.94Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °
100 % Average speed 64 kn61 kn min to max 65 kn 61 63 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 1.5 1.3 °
95 % Average g force 1.18 g1.04 g min to max 1.33 g 1.04 1.21 g
Info Average VSI 716 ft/m324 ft/m min to max 1,129 ft/m 324 1,129 ft/m
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 0 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.5 °2.7 ° min to max 16.4 ° 2.7 16.4 °
Departure Climb 2 88.91Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 60 kn53 kn min to max 68 kn 63 64 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 1.4 4.4 °
89 % Average g force 0.99 g0.59 g min to max 1.44 g 1.19 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 1,096 ft/m-655 ft/m min to max 1,561 ft/m 1,164 1,278 ft/m
Info Average altitude 153 ft agl44 ft agl min to max 394 ft agl 44 394 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.6 °-7.3 ° min to max 17.7 ° 16.5 12.9 °
Pattern Entry 51.46Left hand pattern entry from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Distance was less than 1 nm in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 59 kn36 kn min to max 69 kn 63 36 kn
100 % Average bank angle 11.2 °0.1 ° min to max 119.0 ° 5.1 119.0 °
65 % Average g force 1.04 g0.60 g min to max 1.87 g 1.00 0.79 g
Info Average VSI 882 ft/m-354 ft/m min to max 2,533 ft/m 1,334 1,329 ft/m
Info Average altitude 668 ft agl434 ft agl min to max 925 ft agl 434 925 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.9 °-0.8 ° min to max 41.6 ° 13.3 4.0 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 823 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 874 ft agl · 58 kt
Pattern Crosswind 0.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Distance was less than 1 nm in 28 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading -127.5 °-179.8 ° min to max 179.8 ° 12.7 -90.4 °
0 % Average speed 58 kn37 kn min to max 101 kn 42 50 kn
0 % Average g force 1.39 g-0.05 g min to max 4.56 g 0.86 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -178 ft/m-8,411 ft/m min to max 4,286 ft/m -661 -394 ft/m
Info Average altitude 729 ft agl380 ft agl min to max 923 ft agl 899 911 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 27.7 °0.3 ° min to max 134.5 ° 134.5 47.8 °
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-80.6 ° min to max 46.4 ° -31.9 -4.1 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 539 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 451 ft agl · 89 kt
Go-around Go-Around Kitchener\/Waterloo at 893 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kn56 kn min to max 97 kn 56 94 kn
87 % Average bank angle 19.0 °0.0 ° min to max 46.5 ° 46.5 1.2 °
66 % Average g force 1.15 g0.49 g min to max 1.85 g 1.16 0.99 g
Info Average altitude 821 ft agl704 ft agl min to max 909 ft agl 893 909 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-10.5 ° min to max 14.8 ° -7.7 2.6 °
Arrival 48.11Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 93 kn72 kn min to max 112 kn 95 77 kn
0 % Average bank angle 12.2 °0.0 ° min to max 51.1 ° 1.2 1.0 °
41 % Average g force 1.05 g0.21 g min to max 2.29 g 0.82 0.96 g
Info Average VSI -241 ft/m-2,702 ft/m min to max 2,923 ft/m 386 -1,471 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,062 ft asl1,589 ft asl min to max 2,407 ft asl 1,939 1,589 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-16.4 ° min to max 22.4 ° -0.8 -10.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 1,065 ft agl · 118 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,019 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,012 ft agl · 112 kt
Arrival Final 1 70.59Approaching landing ground Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 537 ft agl to 43 ft agl. A decrease of 493 ft in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
35 % Approach angle 4.8 °2.8 ° min to max 8.7 °Target 3.0 ° 8.7 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn77 kn min to max 82 kn 77 79 kn
37 % Heading variation -0.5 °-2.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -2.1 -0.0 °
86 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.1 ° min to max 8.3 ° 1.3 0.3 °
90 % Average g force 1.08 g0.67 g min to max 1.42 g 0.96 1.20 g
Info Average VSI -1,592 ft/m-2,050 ft/m min to max -1,134 ft/m -1,521 -1,292 ft/m
Info Average altitude 148 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 537 ft agl 537 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -8.5 °-15.1 ° min to max -4.0 ° -10.6 -5.8 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 73.56Approaching touchdown Kitchener\/Waterloo. Descent from 35 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 35 ft in 2 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
66 % Threshold speed was too high at 79 kn. Target 63 kn
55 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.3 °
93 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.1 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.7 4.5 °
94 % Average g force 1.08 g0.90 g min to max 1.35 g 1.14 1.00 g
Info Average speed 77 kn74 kn min to max 79 kn 79 74 kn
Info Average VSI -974 ft/m-1,268 ft/m min to max -651 ft/m -1,268 -651 ft/m
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 35 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.1 °-6.9 ° min to max -1.7 ° -6.1 -2.7 °
07515022501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 62.14Touchdown Kitchener\/Waterloo. Touchdown speed at 74 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was heavy at -651 ft/m. Touchdown distance was good at 113 m. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 1 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
37 % Touchdown VSI was -651 ft/m.
22 % Speed at touchdown 74 knTarget 53 kn
75 % Alignment max 9.85 m9.01 m left 8.08 9.85 m
67 % Average bank angle 2.9 °1.3 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.5 1.3 °
79 % Average g force 1.29 g1.00 g min to max 1.62 g 1.00 1.15 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 73 kn72 kn min to max 74 kn 74 72 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-2.7 ° min to max 1.4 ° -2.7 1.4 °
Arrival Rollout 55.00Landing rollout Kitchener\/Waterloo. Altitude1,026 ft asl. Distance was 361 m.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Alignment max 134.51 m134.51 m left to 0.00 m left 9.99 134.51 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.78 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 1.00 g
Info Average speed 66 kn37 kn min to max 80 kn 80 37 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-5.2 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.5 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 4.3 °0.0 ° min to max 12.8 ° 0.9 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting rollout Kitchener\/Waterloo, Average speed was 19 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 30 kn29 kn min to max 33 kn 33 29 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 90.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 17 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 1 kn0 kn min to max 16 kn 16 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.0 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 61 kt with 2.7° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF2.7° off16° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 0.6° 0 s
Liftoff391 m 61 kt 2.7° 18.5 s
35 ft525 m · 3.7 s after liftoff 64 kt 16.1° 22.1 s
End of the climb1,503 m · 394 ft 64 kt 12.9° 51.4 s

Takeoff from CYKF 26

Takeoff roll100.00
582m27 %
Liftoff speed100.00
61kt
Runway alignment100.00
3.03m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.94
715fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 394 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,405 m of runway left; then climbing at 720 fpm on average to 394 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 61 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 2,124 m runway.

Rolled from 194 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 2.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 3 m right. Airborne 27 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.91 m RROLL 194 M INAirborne 585 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 585 m of 2,124 m · 28 %
Behind the start of the roll, 194 mTakeoff roll, 391 m Left ahead, 1,540 m

Landing and touchdown on CYKF XX

Over the threshold

Threshold height77.00
34ft
Threshold speed66.38
79kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.10m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
114m
Centreline75.21
9.85m L
Speed21.96
74kt
Touchdown rate36.74
-651fpm
Impact78.86
1.62G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, 5° of bank.

Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 34 ft, 16 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 114 m in, 191 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

34 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −651 fpm · −2.7° nose down · 74 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 34 ft, down at 114 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 1,020 fpm at 36 ft to 650 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.4° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,500−7°2°10°touchdown−651 fpm at touchdown−2.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,524 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 9.8 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 7.6 m left at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 114 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 114 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 651 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 474 m of 1,524 m · 31 %
In the air over the runway, 114 mRollout, 361 m Left over, 1,050 m
Rollout distance100.00
361m31 % used
Rollout alignment0.00
134.51m L

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