Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Apply small rudder corrections against a point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline during the roll.
What happened: The aircraft tracked 15 m off the runway centreline during the ground roll, and flights with this pattern usually carry extra bank, around 5.3°, into the first climb.
Watch for: Heading indicator: wings level, tracking the runway centreline
Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 12 stages, 11 in the score
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 51 kt with 7.1° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 63 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 504 m of runway left.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 1,230 m runway.
Rolled from 245 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 14 m at the widest, and lifted off 15 m left, in 13 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 36 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 0.9 nm out at 95 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Off heading: 18° from the leg's heading on average.
Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.
Read more in Pattern WorkTurn onto downwind: scored 1.
The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.
Read more in Pattern WorkLate: turned base with the threshold 31° behind, against 45°.
The stopwatch. From abeam the threshold, fly roughly 30 to 45 seconds before turning base, in nil wind at 172 speeds. Treat that as a starting value and calibrate it. If your finals keep coming out at 400 ft instead of 500, add a few seconds. Then adjust for wind, roughly a second per knot of headwind on final (a headwind on final is a tailwind on downwind, carrying you further from the field per second).
Read more in Pattern WorkThe final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 210 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 5× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 84 m left of the centreline at 0.7 nm, then 46 m right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +19 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Very poor landing flare
11 kt across from the left, which takes about 9° of crab to hold the centreline at 69 kt. Touched down with the nose 12° into wind, wings level.
Wind 222° at 17 kt · 12 kt tail · 11 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,230 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 58 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 279 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,230 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink grew from 300 fpm at 58 ft to 690 fpm at touchdown. The nose went down 0.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 1,230 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 10 m left of the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 279 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.87 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 36 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, where the DHC-2 Beaver took off with a takeoff distance of 450 meters, which accounted for 37% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 52 knots. At the time of takeoff, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 2 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 18 knots at 223 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 13 knots and a tailwind of 13 knots.
As the aircraft entered the left-hand pattern from runway 36, it covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile in 61 seconds. The subsequent left-hand pattern crosswind leg was completed in less than 1 nautical mile in 30 seconds. The pattern downwind turn involved a distance of 2 nautical miles, with an angle to the runway of 45 degrees and a turn angle of 15.1 degrees. The downwind leg itself covered a distance of 2 nautical miles in 82 seconds.
The base leg turn, which was also a left-hand turn, covered a distance of 1 nautical mile, with an angle to the runway of 45 degrees and a turn angle of 30.6 degrees. The final approach to runway 36 was made from the south, with a heading of 0.0 degrees at an altitude of 186 feet above ground level (agl). The landing on the runway was characterized by a threshold height that was slightly above the target, and a threshold speed that was also slightly above the target at 75 knots.
The touchdown distance was good at 276 meters, but the touchdown speed was a little fast at 69 knots. The touchdown rate was heavy at -630 feet per minute (fpm). Additionally, the runway touchdown position was misaligned by 10 meters from the centerline. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 3 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 17 knots at 222 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 12 knots and a tailwind of 12 knots.
The total flight distance was 4 nautical miles, which was covered in 6 minutes. The flight used a total of 8 kilograms of fuel.
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