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CYHM
Hamilton, Canada
Runway 12
Elevation764 ft asl
Weight9,456 kg
Fuel1,094 kg
Wind30° · 12 kn · 12 kn cross

Flight Score

92.37 %
CZBA
Burlington, Canada
Runway 32
Elevation591 ft asl
Weight9,383 kg
Fuel1,002 kg
Wind104° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
10 May 2024 0:31 46 nm Douglas DC-3 92 kg
Departure Score
79.23 %
Enroute Score
99.90 %
Arrival Score
97.98 %

What went well

Touched down at -43 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 32 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 4.16 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Taxi — peak speed in a turn 25 kt at 0 %, Taxi Lights at 0 %, −4.83 points
Departure Roll — Takeoff distance 9,655 m at 0 %, Landing Lights at 0 %, −1.67 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 11.65 m at 84 %, −0.35 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 22 stages, 21 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 27.60Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 18 minutes and covered 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
44 % Average speed 17 kn0 kn min to max 33 kn 0 33 kn
0 % Average speed turning corners 19 knmax 25 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.95 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 0.96 g
Info Average pitch angle 11.9 °11.0 ° min to max 12.5 ° 12.5 12.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.5 0.0 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 9 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 9 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 9 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 9 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 9 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 9 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl · 9 kt
Departure Roll 74.97Departure roll runway 12 at CYHM Hamilton. Takeoff distance 9,655 m 396 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kn. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 12 kn at 29 °. Crosswind: 12 kn Headwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 9,655 m396 % of runway
93 % Liftoff speed was 69 knTarget 80 kn
7 % Runway alignment max 28.49 m28.49 m left to 0.00 m left 1.27 27.80 m
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.93 g min to max 1.00 g 0.96 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 10.9 °7.6 ° min to max 12.4 ° 12.3 8.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.0 1.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Stall Warning Activated 9 ft agl · 50 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 10 ft agl · 59 kt
Departure Climb 1 97.53Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 12 CYHM Hamilton.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Heading variation -0.8 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.3 ° -1.0 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn69 kn min to max 77 kn 69 77 kn
91 % Average bank angle 3.8 °1.2 ° min to max 5.6 ° 1.2 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.99 g min to max 1.11 g 1.00 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 460 ft/m144 ft/m min to max 692 ft/m 144 692 ft/m
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 38 ft agl 0 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.7 °8.5 ° min to max 13.7 ° 8.8 13.7 °
Departure Climb 2 97.58Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 12 CYHM Hamilton.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.4 ° -0.3 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn73 kn min to max 79 kn 77 74 kn
90 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.7 ° min to max 5.7 ° 3.3 4.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.06 g 1.05 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 931 ft/m592 ft/m min to max 1,235 ft/m 700 632 ft/m
Info Average altitude 114 ft agl39 ft agl min to max 383 ft agl 39 383 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.0 °13.5 ° min to max 17.4 ° 13.8 13.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 141 ft agl · 80 kt
Departure Climb 3 98.48Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 12 CYHM Hamilton.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 108 kn75 kn min to max 142 kn 75 140 kn
92 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.81 g min to max 1.25 g 0.88 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 390 ft/m-868 ft/m min to max 1,344 ft/m 547 741 ft/m
Info Average altitude 702 ft agl392 ft agl min to max 976 ft agl 392 976 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.3 °-3.3 ° min to max 14.5 ° 11.4 4.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 869 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 869 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 884 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 884 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 902 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 903 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 903 ft agl · 100 kt
Enroute Climb 99.09Enroute climb started 3 miles north west of Binbrook (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,768 ft asl to 2,930 ft asl, an increase of 1,162 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 134 kn129 kn min to max 142 kn 139 142 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.2 °0.0 ° min to max 26.0 ° 0.8 5.6 °
91 % Average g force 1.02 g0.59 g min to max 1.28 g 1.07 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 591 ft/m-36 ft/m min to max 1,360 ft/m 723 30 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,412 ft asl1,768 ft asl min to max 2,930 ft asl 1,768 2,930 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °1.4 ° min to max 5.4 ° 4.1 1.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,150 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,150 ft agl · 140 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles west of CPF6 Stoney Creek Stoney Creek (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 6 minutes, covering 15 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,941 ft asl2,906 ft asl min to max 2,957 ft asl 2,940 2,906 ft asl
100 % Average speed 153 kn135 kn min to max 160 kn 146 135 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 2.7 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 0.97 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.3 2.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,687 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,687 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,690 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,690 ft agl · 165 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 8 miles south east of Oakville (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,906 ft asl to 2,737 ft asl, a decrease of 169 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 132 kn131 kn min to max 134 kn 134 133 kn
100 % Average bank angle 19.8 °9.5 ° min to max 25.1 ° 9.5 16.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.99 g min to max 1.11 g 1.00 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -308 ft/m-681 ft/m min to max 317 ft/m -8 317 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,816 ft asl2,726 ft asl min to max 2,906 ft asl 2,906 2,737 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °0.2 ° min to max 3.7 ° 2.3 3.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 7 miles south east of Oakville (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 2,742 ft asl to 2,904 ft asl, an increase of 162 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 129 kn120 kn min to max 134 kn 133 120 kn
100 % Average bank angle 10.2 °2.4 ° min to max 18.8 ° 17.0 2.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.08 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 266 ft/m112 ft/m min to max 451 ft/m 330 112 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,808 ft asl2,742 ft asl min to max 2,904 ft asl 2,742 2,904 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °2.2 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.5 2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 6 miles south east of Oakville (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,905 ft asl2,900 ft asl min to max 2,907 ft asl 2,907 2,900 ft asl
100 % Average speed 117 kn112 kn min to max 120 kn 120 112 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °0.8 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.3 3.0 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles south east of Oakville (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,867 ft asl to 2,362 ft asl, a decrease of 505 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 115 kn108 kn min to max 118 kn 108 112 kn
100 % Average bank angle 19.5 °0.1 ° min to max 25.8 ° 0.1 17.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.95 g min to max 1.15 g 0.99 1.09 g
Info Average VSI -447 ft/m-900 ft/m min to max 88 ft/m -329 88 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,464 ft asl2,359 ft asl min to max 2,867 ft asl 2,867 2,362 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-0.6 ° min to max 4.9 ° 2.0 4.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,526 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,526 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,341 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,341 ft agl · 119 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south east of Oakville (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,432 ft asl2,363 ft asl min to max 2,537 ft asl 2,364 2,537 ft asl
100 % Average speed 88 kn72 kn min to max 111 kn 111 79 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.5 °0.1 ° min to max 18.9 ° 13.7 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.17 g 1.08 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °2.6 ° min to max 9.0 ° 5.2 5.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2,136 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,131 ft agl · 106 kt
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 5 miles south of Oakville (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,545 ft asl to 1,555 ft asl, a decrease of 991 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 95 kn80 kn min to max 102 kn 80 92 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.9 °0.0 ° min to max 23.3 ° 0.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.92 g min to max 1.17 g 0.94 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -486 ft/m-741 ft/m min to max 6 ft/m -78 6 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,967 ft asl1,555 ft asl min to max 2,545 ft asl 2,545 1,555 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-2.6 ° min to max 5.3 ° 4.4 5.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,315 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,315 ft agl · 98 kt
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles east of Burlington (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,552 ft asl1,526 ft asl min to max 1,562 ft asl 1,556 1,526 ft asl
100 % Average speed 86 kn81 kn min to max 91 kn 91 85 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.13 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °0.6 ° min to max 6.8 ° 5.4 0.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,147 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,147 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,060 ft agl · 86 kt
Arrival Final 4 100.00Approaching runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 930 ft agl to 919 ft agl. A decrease of 11 ft in 2 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.9 °2.9 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 86 kn85 kn min to max 86 kn 85 86 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.6 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.6 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 0.99 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -325 ft/m-346 ft/m min to max -309 ft/m -309 -346 ft/m
Info Average altitude 925 ft agl919 ft agl min to max 930 ft agl 930 919 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.1 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 99.85Approaching runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 913 ft agl to 621 ft agl. A decrease of 291 ft in 38 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.9 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn80 kn min to max 88 kn 86 80 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.1 0.2 °
99 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.3 ° 1.2 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.06 g 0.98 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -442 ft/m-643 ft/m min to max -208 ft/m -390 -261 ft/m
Info Average altitude 769 ft agl621 ft agl min to max 913 ft agl 913 621 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-0.4 ° min to max 3.0 ° -0.1 3.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 961 ft agl · 91 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 833 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 833 ft agl · 84 kt
22.252.52.7535506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 98.79Approaching runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 617 ft agl to 308 ft agl. A decrease of 309 ft in 44 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.8 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn71 kn min to max 80 kn 80 76 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.6 °0.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.5 °
94 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 5.2 ° 0.8 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.92 g min to max 1.09 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -404 ft/m-655 ft/m min to max -87 ft/m -255 -473 ft/m
Info Average altitude 463 ft agl308 ft agl min to max 617 ft agl 617 308 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °1.4 ° min to max 6.1 ° 3.1 1.8 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.08Approaching runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 300 ft agl to -1 ft agl. A decrease of 301 ft in 37 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.6 °0.7 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 0.7 °
100 % Average speed 70 kn66 kn min to max 76 kn 76 66 kn
97 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.2 °
99 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° 2.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.91 g min to max 1.11 g 1.01 1.09 g
Info Average VSI -485 ft/m-617 ft/m min to max -101 ft/m -471 -101 ft/m
Info Average altitude 55 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 300 ft agl 300 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °1.8 ° min to max 8.7 ° 1.8 8.7 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 96.29Landing on runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark, runway length 1,020 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
85 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kn. Target 80 kn
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 0.95 g
Info Average speed 66 kn65 kn min to max 66 kn 66 65 kn
Info Average VSI -49 ft/m-90 ft/m min to max -33 ft/m -90 -39 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 2 ft agl 2 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °7.3 ° min to max 8.6 ° 8.6 7.3 °
08.461725344201223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft08.4617253442-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 99.22Touchdown distance was good at 30 m. Touchdown speed at 65 kn was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -39 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 3 kn at 104 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Tailwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -39 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 30 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 65 knTarget 75 kn
95 % Runway alignment max 4.47 m4.35 m left 4.47 4.16 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 0.95 1.03 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 65 kn64 kn min to max 65 kn 65 64 kn
Info Average pitch angle 7.4 °7.2 ° min to max 8.0 ° 7.3 8.0 °
Arrival Rollout 92.63Total landing distance 664 m, 65 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 664 m65 % of runway.
84 % Runway alignment max 11.65 m4.11 m left to 7.54 m right 4.11 -1.97 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Average speed 62 kn36 kn min to max 69 kn 69 36 kn
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °6.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° 8.1 11.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 10 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 10 ft agl · 57 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 12 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 12 kn1 kn min to max 34 kn 34 1 kn
Info Average pitch angle 11.9 °11.5 ° min to max 12.2 ° 11.9 11.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.4 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 0.98 g

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 14 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 68 kt with 8.8° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF8.8° off13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 33 kt 12.3° 0 s
Liftoff388 m 68 kt 8.8° 14.1 s
35 ft603 m · 5.5 s after liftoff 77 kt 13.3° 19.5 s
End of Climb 36,296 m · 976 ft 140 kt 4.1° 128 s

Takeoff from CYHM 12

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
1,496m61 %
Liftoff speed92.58
68kt
Runway alignment7.24
28.49m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb97.53
459fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 976 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 722 m of runway left; then climbing at 510 fpm on average to 976 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 68 ktSCALE CHANGES5.0 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,435 m runway.

Rolled from 1,111 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 28 m at the widest, and lifted off 28 m left, in 11 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 61 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS11 kn75 %widest 28.29 m LROLL 1,111 M INAirborne 1,498 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,498 m of 2,435 m · 62 %
Behind the start of the roll, 1,111 mTakeoff roll, 388 m Left ahead, 937 m

The approach to CZBA 32

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

On the glideslope from 4 nm to 0.2 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 60 ft under).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND969954657513370180
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 8× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 0.5 nm, then drifted 19 m left between 0.5 and 0.2 nm, then inside the band from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR119 m L0119 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND5 m R13 m R11 m R43 m L32 m L19 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CZBA 32

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
1ft
Threshold speed85.16
66kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.08m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
32m
Centreline94.82
4.47m L
Speed100.00
65kt
Touchdown rate100.00
-43fpm
Impact100.00
1.08G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 104° at 3 kt · 3 kt tail · 1 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 70 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 27 s, an average deceleration of 0.08 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 213 m30 kt · 686 mtouchdown713 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,020 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 1 ft, 49 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 32 m in, 273 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,020 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

1 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −39 fpm · 7.3° nose up · 65 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 1 ft, down at 32 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 60 fpm at 1 ft to 40 fpm at touchdown. The nose went down 1.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−39 fpm at touchdown7.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,020 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 4.2 m left of the centreline and drifted to 16 m left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 1 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 32 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 32 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 644 m of 1,020 m · 63 %
In the air over the runway, 32 mRollout, 612 m Left over, 376 m
Rollout distance100.00
612m63 % used
Rollout alignment83.62
7.54m R

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