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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Improve the pattern base leg turn
Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.
Read more in Pattern WorkStart to finish · 16 stages, 14 scored
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One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: six checks at the point nearest 500 ft above the runway after the base turn. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply.
The approach, gate by gate
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,490 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 710 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 195 taxied to runway 23 at EHGG Groningen Airport Eelde and commenced the departure roll. The aircraft accelerated over a takeoff distance of 409 m, representing 16 % of the available runway, and lifted off at 78 kt. Ambient conditions were 15 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 270°, a cross-wind component of 1 kt and a head-wind component of 2 kt.
During the left-hand pattern the aircraft entered the circuit 1 nm from the runway in 30 seconds, then proceeded on the cross-wind leg for less than 1 nm in 14 seconds. The downwind turn covered 1 nm with a 55.7° angle to the runway, followed by a 2 nm downwind leg completed in 74 seconds. The base turn spanned 1 nm at a 77.9° angle, and the base leg was less than 1 nm in 44 seconds. The final turn was less than 1 nm and lasted 24 seconds, after which the aircraft established the final approach to runway 23 from the north-east on a heading of 232.0° at 0 nm and 94 ft AGL.
Landing was executed on runway 23, whose length is 2,493 m. The threshold speed was recorded at 80 kt, above the target. Touchdown occurred 498 m beyond the designated touchdown zone, with a speed of 68 kt and a descent rate of minus 38 fpm. The touchdown point was offset 3.3 m from the centreline. Weather at the time was 16 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 270°, a cross-wind of 1 kt and a head-wind of 2 kt. The total landing distance measured 1,442 m, equivalent to 58 % of the runway, and the rollout alignment was judged very good.
The rollout proceeded smoothly, maintaining alignment with the runway centreline until the aircraft came to a stop.
In total the flight covered 9 nm, took 7, and consumed 2 kg of fuel.
The Cessna 195 achieved a final-approach score of 90.8 % while aligned for runway 23 at EHGG Groningen Airport Eelde, approaching from the north-east on a heading of 232.0° and descending to 94 ft agl at the final approach fix.
At threshold the aircraft maintained a good threshold height, but the threshold speed was well above target at 80 kt.
Touchdown occurred 498 m beyond the designated touchdown zone with a speed of 68 kt, a perfect vertical rate of -38 fpm, and the touchdown point was slightly off centreline by 3.3 m.
The rollout covered a total distance of 1,442 m, representing 58 % of the 2,493 m runway, and runway-rollout alignment was very good.
Reduce the threshold speed toward the target value to avoid excess energy on flare, and aim to touch down within the touchdown zone near the 300 m (1,000 ft) aim point to keep the landing distance well within runway limits.
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