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KALB
Albany, United States
Runway 01
Elevation282 ft asl
Weight2,734 lbs
Fuel503 lbs
Wind130° · 15 kn · 11 kn cross

Flight Score

80.22 %
KALB
Albany, United States
Runway 19
Elevation282 ft asl
Weight2,723 lbs
Fuel491 lbs
12 Aug 2023 0:09 6 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 12 lbs
Departure Score
90.35 %
Pattern Score
66.72 %
Arrival Score
83.58 %

What went well

Touched down at -334 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 988 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 18 % of the runway used

What held you back

Pattern Downwind — Average altitude 549 ft agl at 11 %, Heading 15.9 ° at 27 %, −4.29 points
Pattern Entry — speed limits at 0 %, g force 0.11 to 0.95 g at 63 %, −4.05 points
Pattern Downwind Turn — Angle to runway (45 degrees) 9.3 °. at 0 %, g force 0.27 to 1.04 g at 73 %, −2.73 points
Arrival Touchdown — bank angle up to 6.2 ° at 0 %, g force 0.30 to 1.11 g at 74 %, −0.76 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 97.39Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kn3 kn min to max 21 kn 6 21 kn
94 % Average speed turning corners 14 knmax 18 kn 0 0 kn
99 % Average g force 0.91 g0.73 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 0.93 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °3.4 ° min to max 4.4 ° 4.0 3.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.3 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Flaps Position 3 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Departure Roll 87.37Departure roll runway 01 at KALB Albany Intl. Takeoff distance 1,448 ft 17 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kn. Local weather - Temperature 75 °F. Wind 15 kn at 129 °. Crosswind: 11 kn Tailwind: 10 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,448 ft17 % of runway
93 % Liftoff speed was 69 knTarget 70 kn
64 % Runway alignment max 58.4 ft39.1 ft left to 19.3 ft right 14.0 -19.3 ft
59 % Average g force 0.44 g0.03 g min to max 0.98 g 0.98 0.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °1.8 ° min to max 4.4 ° 3.9 3.1 °
Info Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 7.7 ° 0.3 7.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 86.66Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 01 KALB Albany Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
85 % Heading variation 1.4 °0.6 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.6 2.4 °
100 % Average speed 75 kn67 kn min to max 80 kn 69 78 kn
74 % Average bank angle 5.4 °0.2 ° min to max 11.8 ° 8.1 3.4 °
70 % Average g force 0.92 g0.22 g min to max 1.55 g 0.90 0.77 g
Info Average VSI 803 ft/m457 ft/m min to max 931 ft/m 457 919 ft/m
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl 0 47 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °-2.3 ° min to max 10.4 ° 3.1 8.0 °
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 01 KALB Albany Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kn78 kn min to max 88 kn 78 86 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 3.5 4.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.85 g0.75 g min to max 0.94 g 0.78 0.91 g
Info Average VSI 327 ft/m96 ft/m min to max 912 ft/m 912 289 ft/m
Info Average altitude 79 ft agl53 ft agl min to max 96 ft agl 53 96 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °2.8 ° min to max 7.9 ° 7.9 4.0 °
Pattern Entry 51.34Left hand pattern entry from runway 01 KALB Albany Intl. Distance was less than 1 nm in 184 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 87 kn74 kn min to max 96 kn 90 96 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.1 ° min to max 25.9 ° 5.5 14.3 °
63 % Average g force 0.82 g0.11 g min to max 0.95 g 0.87 0.89 g
Info Average VSI 350 ft/m-474 ft/m min to max 1,355 ft/m 327 -141 ft/m
Info Average altitude 772 ft agl99 ft agl min to max 1,199 ft agl 99 1,162 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °-1.1 ° min to max 11.6 ° 4.0 1.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 241 ft agl · 92 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 480 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 471 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,225 ft agl · 95 kt
Pattern Crosswind 99.77Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 01 KALB Albany Intl. Distance was 2 nm in 68 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -0.8 °-12.6 ° min to max 24.2 ° 24.2 -11.4 °
100 % Average speed 86 kn74 kn min to max 96 kn 95 85 kn
98 % Average g force 0.85 g0.71 g min to max 1.00 g 0.91 0.90 g
Info Average VSI -235 ft/m-1,346 ft/m min to max 759 ft/m -6 -1,318 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,091 ft agl875 ft agl min to max 1,259 ft agl 1,163 875 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 5.5 °0.3 ° min to max 16.8 ° 14.2 16.8 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-7.5 ° min to max 5.5 ° 1.6 -5.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 6 1,001 ft agl · 96 kt
Pattern Downwind Turn 67.26Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 3 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 9.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 9.3 °.
100 % Average speed 84 kn77 kn min to max 87 kn 86 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 14.9 °3.4 ° min to max 22.8 ° 20.3 3.4 °
73 % Average g force 0.83 g0.27 g min to max 1.04 g 0.97 0.78 g
Info Average VSI -386 ft/m-1,194 ft/m min to max 57 ft/m -1,194 -391 ft/m
Info Average altitude 810 ft agl788 ft agl min to max 855 ft agl 855 788 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-5.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° -5.0 -2.0 °
Pattern Downwind 48.51Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 1 nm in 54 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
27 % Heading 15.9 °-178.1 ° min to max 27.7 ° 23.8 2.1 °
11 % Average altitude 549 ft agl318 ft agl min to max 778 ft agl 778 318 ft agl
100 % Average speed 79 kn72 kn min to max 86 kn 78 76 kn
71 % Average g force 0.77 g0.24 g min to max 0.85 g 0.76 0.79 g
Info Average VSI -495 ft/m-984 ft/m min to max 91 ft/m -542 -549 ft/m
Info Average bank angle 2.7 °0.1 ° min to max 8.9 ° 2.4 7.8 °
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-4.8 ° min to max 2.6 ° -3.0 -1.8 °
Arrival Final 2 68.01Approaching runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 310 ft agl to 206 ft agl. A decrease of 104 ft in 39 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 1.7 °1.5 ° min to max 2.0 °Target 3.0 ° 1.6 2.0 °
100 % Average speed 73 kn64 kn min to max 81 kn 75 74 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.4 -0.4 °
90 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.2 ° min to max 6.7 ° 6.7 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.83 g0.77 g min to max 0.95 g 0.82 0.79 g
Info Average VSI -183 ft/m-659 ft/m min to max 135 ft/m -500 78 ft/m
Info Average altitude 253 ft agl202 ft agl min to max 311 ft agl 310 206 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-1.2 ° min to max 5.4 ° -1.2 2.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 9 396 ft agl · 84 kt
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-260-195-130-65065130195260Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 91.02Approaching runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 207 ft agl to 43 ft agl. A decrease of 165 ft in 40 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Approach angle 3.1 °2.0 ° min to max 3.6 °Target 3.0 ° 2.0 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 75 kn66 kn min to max 80 kn 75 79 kn
84 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.2 -0.0 °
93 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.2 ° min to max 5.6 ° 0.8 3.9 °
97 % Average g force 0.83 g0.69 g min to max 0.92 g 0.82 0.83 g
Info Average VSI -472 ft/m-661 ft/m min to max 333 ft/m 80 -633 ft/m
Info Average altitude 106 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 233 ft agl 207 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-3.0 ° min to max 5.8 ° 2.6 -2.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-160-120-80-4004080120160Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 84.36Landing on runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl, runway length 8,508 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 77 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 77 kn. Target 70 kn
82 % Target 50 ft agl
56 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.1 °
97 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 0.4 °
98 % Average g force 0.89 g0.72 g min to max 1.07 g 0.81 0.93 g
Info Average speed 70 kn59 kn min to max 78 kn 77 59 kn
Info Average VSI -331 ft/m-641 ft/m min to max -3 ft/m -634 -140 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 37 ft agl 37 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-2.6 ° min to max 4.2 ° -2.6 3.1 °
02505007501,00001122344556Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,000-90-72-54-36-1801836547290Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 88.58Touchdown distance was good at 954 ft. Touchdown speed at 59 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -140 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 22 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 76 °F. Wind 16 kn at 130 °. Crosswind: 12 kn Headwind: 11 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Touchdown VSI was -140 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 954 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 59 knTarget 55 kn
82 % Runway alignment max 22.4 ft17.6 ft right -16.8 -19.7 ft
0 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.3 ° min to max 6.2 ° 0.4 6.2 °
74 % Average g force 0.75 g0.30 g min to max 1.11 g 0.93 0.38 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 54 kn45 kn min to max 59 kn 59 45 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °0.2 ° min to max 13.6 ° 3.1 2.0 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 4 ft agl · 55 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 7 ft agl · 54 kt
Arrival Rollout 85.92Total landing distance 2,052 ft, 24 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 33 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 2,052 ft24 % of runway.
71 % Runway alignment max 32.6 ft0.0 ft left to 32.6 ft right -18.5 -32.6 ft
90 % Average g force 0.64 g0.57 g min to max 0.88 g 0.88 0.67 g
Info Average speed 36 kn30 kn min to max 43 kn 43 30 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-3.8 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.8 3.8 °
Info Average bank angle 2.8 °0.2 ° min to max 13.2 ° 7.5 0.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 24 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 29 kn29 kn min to max 29 kn 29 29 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °3.7 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.5 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.5 °
Info Average g force 0.68 g0.68 g min to max 0.68 g 0.68 0.68 g

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll1,778 ft · 21 %
93.33Liftoff speed69 kt
64.07Runway alignment39.1 ft L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
86.66Rate of climb803 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

82.44Threshold height37 ft
100.00Threshold speed77 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.1 ft R

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on KALB 19

Past threshold100.00
988ft
Centreline81.67
19.7ft R
Speed100.00
59kt
Touchdown rate90.47
-334fpmfirst contact -140 fpm
Impact74.29
1.11G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

37 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 37 ft, down at 988 ft

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 8,508 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 988 ft past threshold CLEARED

The 988 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.11 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 1,536 ft of 8,508 ft · 18 %
Rollout distance100.00
548ft18 % used
Rollout alignment70.99
32.6ft R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 01 at KALB Albany Intl in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
90.35 %
97.39 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
93.75 %
30 15 0
G
98.86 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 4 3
87.37 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 01 at KALB Albany Intl. Takeoff distance 1,448 ft 17 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kn. Local weather - Temperature 75 °F. Wind 15 kn at 129 °. Crosswind: 11 kn Tailwind: 10 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 1,448 ft using 17.02 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
93.33 %
Liftoff speed was 69 kn - Target 75 kn
Alignment
64.07 %
39.1 ft left to 19.3 ft right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched Off
G
58.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 35 0
Bank °
Info
8 4 0
Pitch °
Info
5 3 1
01,0002,0003,0004,000-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060708090 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
86.66 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 01 KALB Albany Intl.
Alignment
84.67 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 75 60
Bank °
74.11 %
12 6 0
G
69.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 4.5 -2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,000 450 -100
90 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 01 KALB Albany Intl.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
100 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 5 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,000 450 -100
01,0002,0003,0004,00001836547290 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.2501938577695 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
Landing Score 87.47 %
68.01 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 310 ft agl to 206 ft agl. A decrease of 104 ft in 39 seconds.
Glideslope
0 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
0 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
81 70 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
90.05 %
7 3.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
135 -282 -700
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-260-195-130-65065130195260 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
91.02 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 207 ft agl to 43 ft agl. A decrease of 165 ft in 40 seconds.
Glideslope
80.16 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
83.57 %
Good heading alignment
Glideslope °
80.16 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Alignment
83.57 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
93.08 %
6 3 0
G
96.57 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
333 -184 -700
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-160-120-80-4004080120160 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
84.36 %
Landing
Landing on runway 19 at KALB Albany Intl, runway length 8,508 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 77 kn.
Height
82.44 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 77 kt. Target 76 kt
Flare
56.42 %
Poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
97.32 %
4 2 0
G
98.29 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
78 64 50
Pitch °
Info
5 1.5 -2
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-2.7 -351 -700
02505007501,00001122344556 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
02505007501,000-90-72-54-36-1801836547290 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
88.58 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 954 ft. Touchdown speed at 59 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -140 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 22 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 76 °F. Wind 16 kn at 130 °. Crosswind: 12 kn Headwind: 11 kn.
Landed with a 12 kt crosswind, well done!
Touchdown
90.47 %
Touchdown rate was firm at -334 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 59 kt was fast. Target below 51 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 954 ft.
Alignment
81.67 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 22 ft from centreline.
Bank
0 %
Bank angle 2.4 °
G
74.29 %
G 0.75 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
85.92 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 2,052 ft, 24 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 33 ft from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 2,052 ft using 24.12 % of runway
Alignment
70.99 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 33 ft from centreline.
G
89.71 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
43 31 20
Bank °
Info
14 7 0
Pitch °
Info
5 1 -3
05001,0001,5002,000 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
Metrics
Metrics

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