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MUCF
Cienfuegos, Cuba
Runway 02
Elevation98 ft asl
Weight2,869 kg
Fuel379 kg
Wind26° · 12 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

94.24 %
MUCO
Colon, Cuba
Runway 05
Elevation157 ft asl
Weight2,805 kg
Fuel312 kg
Wind15° · 10 kn · 6 kn cross
29 Mar 2024 0:26 47 nm Cessna Grand Caravan 67 kg
Departure Score
87.56 %
Enroute Score
99.79 %
Arrival Score
95.38 %

What went well

Touchdown 224 m in — inside the full-score zone
1.20 G at touchdown — inside band
Rollout controlled — 49 % of the runway used

What held you back

Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, then strobe light off should be on; Liftoff speed was 104 kn at 6 %, Runway alignment max 10.69 m at 81 %, −2.73 points
Departure Climb 3 — bounce on liftoff; bank angle up to 21.9 ° at 48 %, −0.87 points
Arrival Final 1 — Heading variation -0.9 ° at 74 %, Approach angle 2.7 ° at 85 %, −0.55 points

Next time

Know your rotation speed

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 67.30Departure roll runway 02 at MUCF Jaime Gonzalez. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 104 kn. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 12 kn at 25 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 12 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
6 % Liftoff speed was 104 knTarget 83 kn
81 % Runway alignment max 10.69 m8.31 m left to 2.38 m right -1.96 5.23 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.85 g min to max 1.11 g 1.01 1.11 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-5.6 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Info Flaps Position 1 7 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 9 kt
Departure Climb 1 96.29Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 02 MUCF Jaime Gonzalez.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.4 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 106 kn104 kn min to max 106 kn 104 106 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.3 °
63 % Average g force 1.55 g0.78 g min to max 1.90 g 1.11 1.75 g
Info Average VSI 932 ft/m424 ft/m min to max 1,476 ft/m 424 1,476 ft/m
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 40 ft agl 0 40 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °-3.4 ° min to max 16.5 ° -0.7 16.5 °
Departure Climb 2 97.14Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 02 MUCF Jaime Gonzalez.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 102 kn86 kn min to max 105 kn 105 86 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
71 % Average g force 1.56 g0.85 g min to max 1.75 g 1.75 0.85 g
Info Average VSI 2,494 ft/m1,556 ft/m min to max 4,102 ft/m 1,556 3,999 ft/m
Info Average altitude 105 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 361 ft agl 42 361 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 21.0 °17.0 ° min to max 24.8 ° 17.0 24.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 93 ft agl · 110 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 143 ft agl · 107 kt
Departure Climb 3 89.52Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 02 MUCF Jaime Gonzalez.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-1.4 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 94 kn74 kn min to max 118 kn 83 118 kn
48 % Average bank angle 7.3 °0.1 ° min to max 21.9 ° 0.6 21.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.80 g min to max 1.07 g 0.83 1.07 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,266 ft/m339 ft/m min to max 3,792 ft/m 3,792 461 ft/m
Info Average altitude 743 ft agl423 ft agl min to max 883 ft agl 423 883 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °3.2 ° min to max 23.6 ° 23.6 3.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 722 ft agl · 87 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 793 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 875 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 875 ft agl · 124 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead MUCF Jaime Gonzalez Cienfuegos (Provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba). Climbing from 1,000 ft asl to 1,388 ft asl, an increase of 388 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 132 kn119 kn min to max 136 kn 119 136 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.8 °0.2 ° min to max 26.8 ° 23.5 9.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.98 g min to max 1.13 g 1.08 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 574 ft/m468 ft/m min to max 680 ft/m 472 576 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,184 ft asl1,000 ft asl min to max 1,388 ft asl 1,000 1,388 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °2.4 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.1 2.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.17Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of Cienfuegos (Provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba) and lasted 22 minutes, covering 42 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Average altitude 1,375 ft asl994 ft asl min to max 1,535 ft asl 1,397 1,024 ft asl
100 % Average speed 135 kn94 kn min to max 160 kn 136 102 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 25.8 ° 8.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.12 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-3.6 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 -1.7 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,314 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,314 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,344 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,341 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,439 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,439 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,120 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 906 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 906 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 897 ft agl · 112 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles south west of MUCO Colón Airport Colon (Provincia de Matanzas, Cuba). Descent from 1,025 ft asl to 639 ft asl, a decrease of 387 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 92 kn77 kn min to max 102 kn 102 77 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.8 ° 0.2 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -354 ft/m-1,080 ft/m min to max 136 ft/m 64 -342 ft/m
Info Average altitude 855 ft asl639 ft asl min to max 1,047 ft asl 1,025 639 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-4.8 ° min to max 2.3 ° -1.8 -1.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of MUCO Colón Airport Colon (Provincia de Matanzas, Cuba) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 572 ft asl486 ft asl min to max 632 ft asl 632 486 ft asl
100 % Average speed 77 kn74 kn min to max 80 kn 78 74 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.4 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.4 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-2.6 ° min to max 1.0 ° -2.2 0.7 °
Arrival Final 1 91.82Approaching runway 05 at MUCO Colón Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 323 ft agl to 44 ft agl. A decrease of 279 ft in 39 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
85 % Approach angle 2.7 °2.5 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 2.7 °
100 % Average speed 67 kn64 kn min to max 72 kn 72 64 kn
74 % Heading variation -0.9 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.8 -0.6 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.94 g min to max 1.06 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -401 ft/m-605 ft/m min to max -186 ft/m -352 -248 ft/m
Info Average altitude 97 ft agl44 ft agl min to max 323 ft agl 323 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-0.9 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.5 3.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 94.39Landing on runway 05 at MUCO Colón Airport, runway length 830 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 64 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 64 kn. Target 75 kn
98 % Landing and flare profile
94 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.6 -0.5 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.5 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 1.04 g
Info Average speed 62 kn60 kn min to max 64 kn 64 60 kn
Info Average VSI -311 ft/m-354 ft/m min to max -244 ft/m -250 -244 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 36 ft agl 36 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °2.5 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.0 4.0 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 7 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 7 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 8 kt
07515022530001021314252Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 93.74Touchdown distance was good at 221 m. Touchdown speed at 60 kn was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -244 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 5.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 10 kn at 15 °. Crosswind: 6 kn Headwind: 7 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Touchdown VSI was -244 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 221 mTarget 429 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 60 knTarget 64 kn
92 % Runway alignment max 5.15 m5.02 m right -5.15 -4.92 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.04 g min to max 1.20 g 1.04 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 60 kn60 kn min to max 60 kn 60 60 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °3.7 ° min to max 4.0 ° 4.0 3.9 °
Arrival Rollout 96.97Total landing distance 433 m, 52 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 433 m52 % of runway.
93 % Runway alignment max 4.90 m0.00 m left to 4.90 m right -4.90 -3.06 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average speed 56 kn32 kn min to max 63 kn 63 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °-0.3 ° min to max 5.4 ° 4.1 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 5 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 15 kn9 kn min to max 26 kn 26 16 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.4 ° -0.1 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 7 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn0 kn min to max 16 kn 16 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 knmax 11 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.0 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Battery Master Off 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 3 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 103 kt with −0.7° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040025°13°0°LIFTOFF-0.7° off16° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 6 kt -0.5° 0 s
80 kt316 m 80 kt -2.5° 11.6 s
Liftoff656 m 103 kt -0.7° 18.8 s
35 ft760 m · 2.0 s after liftoff 106 kt 16.0° 20.8 s
End of Climb 32,246 m · 883 ft 118 kt 3.3° 52.6 s

Takeoff from MUCF 02

Takeoff roll100.00
694m29 %
Liftoff speed5.66
103kt
Runway alignment80.82
8.31m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb96.29
931fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 883 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,612 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,570 fpm on average to 883 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 103 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,414 m runway.

Rolled from 42 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 8.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 5.1 m left. Airborne 28 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 8.29 m LROLL 42 M INAirborne 698 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 698 m of 2,414 m · 29 %
Behind the start of the roll, 42 mTakeoff roll, 656 m Left ahead, 1,716 m

The approach to MUCO 05

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 470 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND851861575473390212
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 3.1 nm, then drifted 142 m right between 3.1 and 1.2 nm, then back inside it from 1.2 to 0.8 nm, then 30 m right of it from 0.8 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND16 m R116 m R81 m R65 m R20 m R20 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on MUCO 05

Over the threshold

Threshold height90.91
35ft
Threshold speed91.13
63kt
Centreline offset94.40
0.20m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
224m
Centreline92.36
5.15m R
Speed100.00
60kt
Touchdown rate79.54
-244fpm
Impact100.00
1.20G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

5 kt across from the left, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 60 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.

Wind 015° at 10 kt · 7 kt head · 5 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 830 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 35 ft, 15 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 224 m in, 81 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 830 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

35 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −244 fpm · 4° nose up · 60 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 35 ft, down at 224 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 260 fpm at 34 ft to 110 fpm at 1 ft, then back up to 240 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−244 fpm at touchdown4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 830 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 4.9 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 5.1 m right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 224 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 224 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 409 m of 830 m · 49 %
In the air over the runway, 224 mRollout, 185 m Left over, 421 m
Rollout distance100.00
185m49 % used
Rollout alignment93.26
4.90m R

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