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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Smooth the climb
A good takeoff has a defined shape. It also has a defined end. For an airliner that's thrust reduction and acceleration, commonly somewhere around 1,000 to 1,500 ft above the airfield depending on the operator, while for a light aircraft it's established at Vy with the flaps on schedule. Most simmers have no defined end to their takeoff, which is exactly why it never gets judged.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 24 stages, 22 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 86 kt with 7.4° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 323 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 6,008 ft of runway left; then climbing at 820 fpm on average to 323 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 8,494 ft runway.
Rolled from 277 ft in, drifted right of the centreline, 6 ft at the widest, and lifted off 6 ft right. Airborne 15 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 90 kt.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 1.2 to 0.6 nm, then not again: slow from 0.6 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 570 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 320 ft off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 45 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 27 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 1.6 nm, then slow to 1.2 nm (up to −13 kt), then inside the band to 0.6 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −12 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
9 kt across from the left, which takes about 8° of crab to hold the centreline at 67 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.
Wind 150° at 15 kt · 12 kt head · 9 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 62 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 36 ft, 14 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,086 ft in, close to the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 440 fpm at 37 ft to 120 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.3° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 5,967 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 11 ft left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 16 ft left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 1,086 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.12 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
Departing from KOMA Eppley Airfield in Omaha, Nebraska, the Beechcraft Duke began its journey with a taxiing period of 9 minutes, covering 2 nautical miles to reach the runway. The departure roll commenced on runway 14L, with the aircraft lifting off at a speed of 86 knots after a takeoff distance of 1,369 feet, representing 16% of the runway length. The local weather conditions at the time of departure featured a temperature of 59°F, with a wind speed of 12 knots from 150°, resulting in a 1-knot crosswind and a 12-knot headwind.
As the aircraft climbed to 11,906 feet above sea level, it covered a distance of 34 nautical miles in 10 minutes, demonstrating a steady ascent. The enroute level cruise phase commenced 3 miles southwest of Avoca, Iowa, and lasted for 22 minutes, during which the aircraft covered 85 nautical miles. The flight then entered a series of climbs and descents, with notable increases in altitude and decreases in altitude, before entering the final approach phase to runway 18 at KALO Waterloo Regional Airport. The aircraft touched down on the runway at a speed of 67 knots, with a touchdown distance of 1,083 feet and a touchdown rate of -93 feet per minute, showcasing excellent performance.
The final approach and landing phase was conducted in a headwind of 11 knots and a crosswind of 9 knots, with the aircraft touching down 11 feet off the centerline. The total landing distance was 1,899 feet, representing 32% of the runway length. Following a smooth rollout, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 207 nautical miles, with a total flight time of 70 minutes and no fuel consumption.
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