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YTRE
Taree, Australia
Runway 22
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight2,050 kg
Fuel456 kg
Wind61° · 15 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

96.33 %
YSBK
Sydney, Australia
Runway 29C
Elevation23 ft asl
Weight1,899 kg
Fuel299 kg
Wind44° · 20 kn · 20 kn cross
6 Nov 2025 1:14 151 nm P-750 XSTOL 157 kg
Departure Score
94.05 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
94.94 %

What went well

Touched down at -226 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 380 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 34 ft and 71 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Strobe Lights at 0 %, Liftoff speed was 94 kt at 43 %, −1.45 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 13.63 m right at 61 %, −1.16 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 12.0 ° at 74 %, −0.35 points

Next time

Know your rotation speed

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 11 kt 0 11 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 10 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 4 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 4 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 4 ft agl
Info Battery Master On 4 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 4 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 22 at YTRE Taree Airport, Average speed was 13 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 24 kt6 kt min to max 40 kt 11 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.8 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 78.27Departure roll runway 22 at YTRE Taree Airport. Takeoff distance 467 m 34 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 94 kt. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 15 kt at 60 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Tailwind: 14 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 467 m34 % of runway
43 % Liftoff speed was 94 ktTarget 70 kt
73 % Runway alignment max 10.37 m right0.00 m left to 10.37 m right -2.86 -8.14 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.15 g 1.01 1.15 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.6 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.2 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.1 0.4 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 98.49Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 22 YTRE Taree Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.6 °0.6 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 100 kt94 kt min to max 104 kt 94 104 kt
94 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.06 g min to max 1.26 g 1.18 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 828 fpm463 fpm min to max 1,022 fpm 463 1,022 fpm
Info Average altitude 24 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 52 ft agl 1 52 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.6 °2.8 ° min to max 7.4 ° 2.8 7.4 °
Departure Climb 2 98.77Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 22 YTRE Taree Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.5 °0.3 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 105 kt103 kt min to max 105 kt 104 104 kt
95 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.1 ° min to max 3.9 ° 0.7 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g0.85 g min to max 1.22 g 1.10 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 1,492 fpm1,050 fpm min to max 2,172 fpm 1,050 2,120 fpm
Info Average altitude 124 ft agl55 ft agl min to max 396 ft agl 55 396 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.7 °7.8 ° min to max 11.9 ° 7.8 11.6 °
Departure Climb 3 94.72Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 22 YTRE Taree Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-2.3 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -2.3 °
100 % Average speed 110 kt103 kt min to max 120 kt 104 117 kt
74 % Average bank angle 5.5 °0.4 ° min to max 12.0 ° 2.0 10.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.77 g min to max 1.50 g 1.10 1.16 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,680 fpm559 fpm min to max 2,485 fpm 2,266 2,362 fpm
Info Average altitude 718 ft agl434 ft agl min to max 963 ft agl 434 963 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °1.2 ° min to max 13.5 ° 12.0 13.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 508 ft agl · 112 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 556 ft agl · 112 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 766 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 893 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 933 ft agl · 127 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of YTRE Taree Airport Taree (State of New South Wales, Australia). Climbing from 1,034 ft asl to 1,403 ft asl, an increase of 369 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 114 kt112 kt min to max 116 kt 116 113 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.2 °0.4 ° min to max 20.5 ° 10.0 20.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.78 g min to max 1.07 g 0.96 0.78 g
Info Average VSI 2,316 fpm1,355 fpm min to max 2,859 fpm 2,623 1,355 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,240 ft asl1,034 ft asl min to max 1,403 ft asl 1,034 1,403 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 11.1 °3.6 ° min to max 14.8 ° 13.0 3.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of YTRE Taree Airport Taree (State of New South Wales, Australia) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±571 ft of 1,742 ft asl1,414 ft asl min to max 1,819 ft asl 1,414 1,796 ft asl
100 % Average speed 113 kt104 kt min to max 133 kt 114 118 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.1 ° min to max 26.9 ° 26.9 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.59 g min to max 1.26 g 0.82 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °-2.1 ° min to max 10.3 ° 3.4 1.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,784 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 1,784 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 1,784 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 1,798 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,769 ft agl · 132 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 1,769 ft agl · 132 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,775 ft agl · 114 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 1,775 ft agl · 114 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,718 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 1,718 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,760 ft agl · 130 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 2 miles south east of Taree (State of New South Wales, Australia). Climbing from 1,796 ft asl to 4,668 ft asl, an increase of 2,872 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 107 kt97 kt min to max 117 kt 117 111 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.6 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.90 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 1,082 fpm11 fpm min to max 2,480 fpm 32 2,203 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,285 ft asl1,796 ft asl min to max 4,668 ft asl 1,796 4,668 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °0.6 ° min to max 13.8 ° 1.1 11.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,768 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 1,768 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 4,387 ft agl · 126 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 4,387 ft agl · 126 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south of Tinonee (State of New South Wales, Australia) and lasted 33 minutes, covering 81 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±742 ft of 4,665 ft asl4,656 ft asl min to max 4,837 ft asl 4,837 4,660 ft asl
100 % Average speed 130 kt123 kt min to max 133 kt 123 129 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.1 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.03 g 0.89 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.8 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.1 0.5 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Gwandalan (State of New South Wales, Australia). Descent from 4,660 ft asl to 2,456 ft asl, a decrease of 2,205 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 117 kt105 kt min to max 131 kt 128 112 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.7 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 1.16 g
Info Average VSI -1,226 fpm-2,106 fpm min to max 17 fpm 5 -1,168 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,883 ft asl2,456 ft asl min to max 4,664 ft asl 4,660 2,456 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.5 °-8.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.5 -2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 4,661 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 4,661 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,505 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 2,505 ft agl · 122 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Doyalson (State of New South Wales, Australia) and lasted 23 minutes, covering 54 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±625 ft of 2,576 ft asl2,506 ft asl min to max 2,600 ft asl 2,506 2,580 ft asl
100 % Average speed 134 kt110 kt min to max 141 kt 110 135 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.0 ° min to max 28.8 ° 1.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-1.1 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 0.8 °

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2,581 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 2,311 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 2,311 ft agl · 147 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Wattle Grove (State of New South Wales, Australia). Descent from 2,577 ft asl to 214 ft asl, a decrease of 2,363 ft in 3 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 113 kt75 kt min to max 136 kt 135 75 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.4 °0.0 ° min to max 33.3 ° 0.5 10.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.37 g 1.00 1.11 g
Info Average VSI -1,108 fpm-2,305 fpm min to max 19 fpm -14 -614 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,551 ft asl214 ft asl min to max 2,580 ft asl 2,577 214 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.6 °-13.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 -0.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 2,562 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 2,562 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 2,562 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,562 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,271 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,260 ft agl · 115 kt
Arrival Final 1 99.70Approaching runway 29C at YSBK Sydney Bankstown Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 183 ft agl to 43 ft agl. A decrease of 140 ft in 15 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.5 °2.4 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 2.4 °
100 % Average speed 74 kt72 kt min to max 76 kt 75 72 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
98 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.1 ° min to max 5.6 ° 4.7 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.11 g 1.09 1.11 g
Info Average VSI -409 fpm-825 fpm min to max -250 fpm -526 -467 fpm
Info Average altitude 73 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 183 ft agl 183 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.9 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.8 0.7 °
00.250.50.751050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 29C at YSBK Sydney Bankstown Airport, runway length 1,260 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 72 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 72 kt. Target 80 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.13 m left0.13 m left to 0.06 m left 0.06 0.13 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.8 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 0.92 g
Info Average speed 67 kt58 kt min to max 72 kt 72 58 kt
Info Average VSI -264 fpm-461 fpm min to max -115 fpm -461 -173 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 35 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-0.1 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.6 1.1 °
07515022530037545001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.31Touchdown distance was good at 379 m. Touchdown speed at 58 kt was good. Touchdown rate was good at -173 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 21 kt at 43 °. Crosswind: 21 kt Tailwind: 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown rate was -173 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 379 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 58 ktTarget below 69 kt
87 % Runway alignment max 6.74 m left6.65 m left 6.65 6.46 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.6 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.12 g0.92 g min to max 1.25 g 0.92 1.08 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 57 kt56 kt min to max 58 kt 58 56 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 0.6 °
Arrival Rollout 82.65Total landing distance 693 m, 55 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 13.6 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 693 m55 % of runway.
61 % Runway alignment max 13.63 m right6.38 m left to 13.63 m right 6.38 -10.95 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Average speed 61 kt39 kt min to max 67 kt 67 39 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 0.6 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 8 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kt9 kt min to max 32 kt 32 9 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.6 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4 ft agl · 23 kt
Arrival Taxi 95.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 6 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kt0 kt min to max 13 kt 9 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 ktmax 8 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.3 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 4 ft agl · 2 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 93 kt with 1.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF1.3° off7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 9 kt 0.2° 0 s
Liftoff443 m · target 70 93 kt 1.3° 10.6 s
35 ft639 m · 3.2 s after liftoff 103 kt 6.6° 13.8 s
End of Climb 32,718 m · 964 ft 117 kt 13.5° 45.2 s

Takeoff from YTRE 22

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
671m48 %
Liftoff speed43.02
93kttarget 70, 23 fast
Runway alignment73.32
10.37m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.49
827fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 964 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 547 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,670 fpm on average to 964 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 93 ktSCALE CHANGES1.5 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,391 m runway.

Rolled from 205 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 10 m at the widest, and lifted off 7.9 m right. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 10.40 m RROLL 205 M INAirborne 648 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 648 m of 1,391 m · 47 %
Behind the start of the roll, 205 mTakeoff roll, 443 m Left ahead, 744 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Seven checks, one gate300 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 300 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: left of the centreline all the way, fast until 0.7 nm, sinking too fast until 0.5 nm and banked until 0.3 nm.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Landing flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to YSBK 29C

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 270 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND213300 ft gate6 of 7on centreline607 ft · 91 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 198 m left of the centreline at 0.9 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND27 m L198 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 33 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.7 nm (up to +25 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 66+9 kt+6 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on YSBK 29C

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
34ft
Threshold speed100.00
71kttarget 66, 5 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.13m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
380m
Centreline86.53
6.74m L
Speed100.00
57kttarget 64 or less
Touchdown rate97.30
-226fpm
Impact100.00
1.25G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

19 kt across from the right, which takes about 19° of crab to hold the centreline at 58 kt. Touched down with 14° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 044° at 20 kt · 3 kt tail · 19 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 70 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 14 s, an average deceleration of 0.15 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 114 m30 kt · 349 mtouchdown363 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,260 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 34 ft, 16 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 380 m in, 75 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,260 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

34 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −226 fpm · 1.1° nose up · 58 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 34 ft, down at 380 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 400 fpm at 35 ft to 230 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−226 fpm at touchdown1.1° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,260 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 6.5 m left of the centreline and drifted to 11 m right on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 19 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 380 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 380 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 676 m of 1,260 m · 54 %
In the air over the runway, 380 mRollout, 296 m Left over, 584 m
Rollout distance100.00
296m54 % used
Rollout alignment61.43
13.63m R

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The flight in question was conducted in a P-750 XSTOL aircraft, departing from runway 22 at YTRE Taree Airport. The takeoff roll was 467 meters long, which accounted for 34% of the runway. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 94 knots, with a local temperature of 22 degrees Celsius and wind conditions of 15 knots at 60 degrees. The crosswind was 4 knots, while the tailwind was 14 knots.

After departing from Taree, the aircraft began its enroute climb, starting 1 mile southwest of the airport and reaching an altitude of 1,403 feet above sea level. This climb was achieved in less than 1 minute and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft then entered a level cruise, lasting 2 minutes and covering 2 nautical miles.

The aircraft continued its journey, initiating another climb 2 miles southeast of Taree. This climb took the aircraft from 1,796 feet to 4,668 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,872 feet in 2 minutes and covering 3 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered another level cruise, lasting 33 minutes and covering 81 nautical miles.

As the aircraft approached its destination, it began its descent, starting overhead Gwandalan and descending from 4,660 feet to 2,456 feet above sea level. This descent took 2 minutes and covered 4 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered another level cruise, lasting 23 minutes and covering 54 nautical miles.

The final descent began overhead Wattle Grove, with the aircraft descending from 2,577 feet to 214 feet above sea level. This descent took 3 minutes and covered 3 nautical miles. The aircraft then initiated its final approach to runway 29C at YSBK Sydney Bankstown Airport, approaching from the southeast.

The landing was conducted with a threshold speed of 72 knots, which was slightly below the target speed. The touchdown distance was 379 meters, and the touchdown speed was 58 knots. The touchdown rate was also good, at -173 feet per minute. However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.7 meters from the centerline.

The total landing distance was 693 meters, accounting for 55% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was also slightly misaligned, by 13.6 meters from the centerline. The aircraft then taxied to the parking area, taking 6 minutes and covering less than 1 nautical mile.

The total flight distance was 151 nautical miles, taking 74 minutes and using 157 kilograms of fuel.

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