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Shorten the long landing
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Fly a stabilized approach and flare to touch down at the target point of 457 m.
What happened: Touchdown occurred past the normal point, landing 387 m beyond the target distance. This pattern typically reduces the margin available for stopping before the runway end.
Watch for: Watch touchdown point against the 457 m marker.
Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 17 stages, 15 scored
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The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
The approach, gate by gate
Side view — the last 1,809 m of the approach.
Plan view — the first 1,809 m of the 2,731 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 844 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Boeing 737-800 taxied from the parking area to runway 09R at KORD, a movement that required 18 minutes and covered 4 nm.
The aircraft commenced the departure roll on runway 09R at Chicago O’Hare International Airport, achieving liftoff after a ground run of 2,031 m, representing 58 % of the runway, at a speed of 157 kt. Ambient temperature was 26 °C with wind from 19° at 11 kt, including a 10 kt crosswind component and a 4 kt headwind.
Climb began overhead Rosemont, Illinois, with the airplane ascending from 1,607 ft asl to 36,714 ft asl, a gain of 35,107 ft achieved in 24 minutes while covering 176 nm.
Level cruise was established 4 mi south-east of KDHA Chelsea Airport, Michigan, and was maintained for 40 minutes, during which 333 nm were flown.
Descent commenced 5 mi west of PA71 Dwight’s Delight Airport, Dushore, Pennsylvania, with the aircraft descending from 36,828 ft asl to 3,326 ft asl, a loss of 33,502 ft over 22 minutes and a distance of 149 nm.
A subsequent cruise segment began 2 mi south of Merrick, New York, lasting 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.
The next descent started 3 mi south-east of Point Lookout, New York, with altitude decreasing from 3,122 ft asl to 1,260 ft asl, a reduction of 1,862 ft in 3 minutes over 9 nm.
Final approach to runway 31R at KJFK John F. Kennedy International Airport was flown from the south-east on a heading of 301.0°, intercepting the glide path at 4 nm and 1,238 ft agl.
The aircraft touched down on runway 31R, whose length is 2,729 m, with a threshold speed of 149 kt slightly above target. Touchdown occurred 427 m beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 135 kt, a vertical rate of minus 204 fpm, and a lateral deviation of 5.1 m from the centreline. Local conditions were 24 °C with wind from 320° at 8 kt, including a 3 kt crosswind and an 8 kt headwind. Total landing distance measured 1,728 m, representing 63 % of the runway.
Runway rollout alignment was recorded as very good.
After landing, the airplane taxied from the runway to the parking area in 8 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
Overall, the flight covered 684 nm, required 111 minutes of airborne time, and consumed 4,706 kg of fuel.
The Boeing 737-800 established the final approach to runway 31R at KJFK from the south-east, tracking a heading of 301.0° at 4 nm and 1,238 ft agl while the ambient temperature was 24 °C and the wind was 8 kt from 320°, providing a 3 kt cross-wind component and an 8 kt head-wind component.
The aircraft presented a good threshold height and the threshold speed was slightly above target at 149 kt.
Touchdown occurred 427 m beyond the designated touchdown zone with a speed of 135 kt that was a little fast, a fair vertical rate of minus 204 fpm, and a runway touchdown position slightly misaligned by 5.1 m from the centreline; the total landing distance measured 1,728 m, representing 63 % of the runway length.
Rollout alignment was very good.
Reduce the approach speed to meet the target value and aim to achieve touchdown within the touchdown zone to minimise the overshoot distance.
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