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6Y1
Pointe Aux Pins, United States
Runway 28

Flight Score

95.05 %
KMCD
Mackinac Island, United States
Runway 08
12 Jun 2025 0:09 9 nm PA28 Warrior II 6 lbs
Departure Score
95.95 %
Enroute Score
99.80 %
Arrival Score
89.39 %

What went well

Touched down at -52 ft/m — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,325 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 0.3 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −2.43 points
Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 12.0 ° at 74 %, −0.73 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 5.3 ° at 38 %, −0.69 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 12 stages, 11 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 94.43Departure roll runway 28 at 6Y1 Bois Blanc. Takeoff distance 419 ft 12 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 63 kt. Local weather - Temperature 62 °F. Wind 8 kt at 339 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 419 ft12 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 63 ktTarget 65 kt
97 % Runway alignment max 12.6 ft0.0 ft left to 12.6 ft right -5.4 -12.6 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.8 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.8 2.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28 6Y1 Bois Blanc.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 70 kt63 kt min to max 74 kt 63 74 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.0 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.02 g min to max 1.09 g 1.04 1.09 g
Info Average VSI 581 fpm368 fpm min to max 785 fpm 368 785 fpm
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 56 ft agl 2 56 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.0 °2.3 ° min to max 7.6 ° 2.3 7.6 °
Departure Climb 2 93.41Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28 6Y1 Bois Blanc.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.0 ° -0.3 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 75 kt74 kt min to max 78 kt 74 78 kt
74 % Average bank angle 4.0 °1.4 ° min to max 12.0 ° 1.4 12.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 956 fpm796 fpm min to max 1,055 fpm 796 870 fpm
Info Average altitude 91 ft agl57 ft agl min to max 202 ft agl 57 202 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.8 °5.6 ° min to max 8.2 ° 7.6 5.6 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead 6Y1 Bois Blanc Pointe Aux Pins (Michigan, United States). Climbing from 871 ft asl to 1,515 ft asl, an increase of 645 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kt77 kt min to max 90 kt 78 89 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.0 ° min to max 13.7 ° 12.8 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 566 fpm29 fpm min to max 1,266 fpm 846 592 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,264 ft asl871 ft asl min to max 1,515 ft asl 871 1,515 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-0.3 ° min to max 6.8 ° 5.3 3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 798 ft agl · 84 kt
Enroute Level 99.61Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of 6Y1 Bois Blanc Pointe Aux Pins (Michigan, United States) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Average altitude 1,701 ft asl1,067 ft asl min to max 1,931 ft asl 1,525 1,067 ft asl
100 % Average speed 94 kt67 kt min to max 101 kt 88 68 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.0 ° min to max 15.4 ° 1.7 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.15 g 0.99 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-6.7 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 -5.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 952 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 932 ft agl · 82 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 748 ft agl · 74 kt
Arrival Final 2 97.54Approaching runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 328 ft agl to 304 ft agl. A decrease of 24 ft in 2 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Approach angle 5.9 °5.9 ° min to max 5.9 °Target 3.0 ° 5.9 5.9 °
100 % Average speed 68 kt68 kt min to max 68 kt 68 68 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.3 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.3 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.98 g min to max 0.98 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -695 fpm-715 fpm min to max -674 fpm -674 -715 fpm
Info Average altitude 316 ft agl304 ft agl min to max 328 ft agl 328 304 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.4 °-5.6 ° min to max -5.3 ° -5.6 -5.4 °
Arrival Final 1 87.57Approaching runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 291 ft agl to 96 ft agl. A decrease of 195 ft in 15 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
38 % Approach angle 5.3 °5.1 ° min to max 5.8 °Target 3.0 ° 5.8 5.1 °
100 % Average speed 66 kt65 kt min to max 68 kt 68 65 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.1 ° min to max 2.2 ° 2.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -674 fpm-802 fpm min to max -575 fpm -740 -576 fpm
Info Average altitude 161 ft agl96 ft agl min to max 291 ft agl 291 96 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.2 °-5.7 ° min to max -4.9 ° -5.4 -5.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 56.20Landing on runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport, runway length 3,491 ft. Threshold height at 89 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was good at 64 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 64 kt. Target 65 kt
25 % Target 50 ft agl
0 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.1 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.08 g 0.99 0.97 g
Info Average speed 58 kt48 kt min to max 64 kt 64 48 kt
Info Average VSI -384 fpm-610 fpm min to max -51 fpm -576 -52 fpm
Info Average altitude 33 ft agl6 ft agl min to max 89 ft agl 89 6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-5.2 ° min to max 3.1 ° -5.0 2.6 °
02505007501,0001,2501,50001836537189Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,500-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 1,318 ft. Touchdown speed at 48 kt was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -52 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 3 kt at 40 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -52 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,318 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 48 ktTarget below 61 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.4 ft0.3 ft right -0.1 -0.3 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 0.97 1.01 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 48 kt47 kt min to max 48 kt 48 47 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °2.6 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.6 3.0 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,821 ft, 52 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,821 ft52 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.8 ft1.8 ft left to 0.9 ft right -0.3 1.8 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average speed 43 kt34 kt min to max 45 kt 45 34 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °0.2 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.0 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 19 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kt13 kt min to max 30 kt 30 14 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-1.4 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.8 1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.5 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 28 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 23 kt
Arrival Taxi 95.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kt9 kt min to max 14 kt 14 9 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 ktmax 10 kt 0 9 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.1 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.0 0.9 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights

Takeoff

94.43 %
100.00Takeoff roll419 ft · 12 %
100.00Liftoff speed62 kt
97.17Runway alignment12.6 ft R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb581 ft/m
Takeoff weight1,431 lbs
Airfield elevation653 ft asl
Wind340° · 8 kn · 7 kn cross

Approach

92.56 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
24.80Threshold height88 ft
100.00Threshold speed64 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.1 ft L

Touchdown

100.00 %
100.00Touchdown point1,325 ft
100.00Centreline at touchdown0.3 ft R
100.00Sink rate-52 ft/m
100.00Touchdown force1.07 G
OkBouncesNone
100.00Rollout distance450 ft · 51 % used
Landing weight1,425 lbs
Airfield elevation735 ft asl
Wind41° · 3 kn · 1 kn cross

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
THR 90 ft 1.6 ft R −0 kt

Touchdown on KMCD 08

Past threshold
1,325 ft
Off centreline
0.3 ftR
Sink rate
-52 ft/m
Impact
1.07G

Side view — the last 3,491 ft of the approach.

88 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 88 ft, down at 1,325 ft

Plan view — the full 3,491 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,325 ft past threshold CLEARED

The 1,325 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,775 ft of 3,491 ft · 51 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 28 at 6Y1 Bois Blanc, a small airfield located in Michigan, United States. The aircraft, a PA28 Warrior II, accelerated down the runway and lifted off at a speed of 63 kt, covering a distance of 419 ft, which was 12% of the runway length. The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 62 °F and a wind speed of 8 kt from 339 °, resulting in a crosswind of 7 kt and a headwind of 3 kt.

As the aircraft climbed away from the airfield, it began its enroute climb, which started overhead 6Y1 Bois Blanc Pointe Aux Pins. The climb was steep, with the aircraft ascending from 871 ft above sea level to 1,515 ft in just 1 minute, covering a distance of 1 nm. This rapid ascent was followed by a level cruise, which lasted for 7 minutes and covered a distance of 7 nm. The cruise phase took place 1 mile northwest of 6Y1 Bois Blanc Pointe Aux Pins.

As the aircraft approached its destination, it began its final approach to runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport, which was located to the west. The approach was made at a heading of 73.0 ° and an altitude of 328 ft above ground level, with the aircraft covering a distance of 0 nm. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 60 °F and a wind speed of 3 kt from 40 °, resulting in a crosswind of 2 kt and a headwind of 3 kt.

The landing was smooth, with the aircraft touching down on the runway at a speed of 48 kt and a distance of 1,318 ft, which was 52% of the runway length. The touchdown rate was excellent, at -52 fpm, and the runway touchdown alignment was perfect. The aircraft then rolled out on the runway, maintaining perfect alignment, and eventually came to a stop.

Taxiing to the parking area from the runway took less than 1 minute and covered a distance of less than 1 nm. The total flight distance was 9 nm, and the flight duration was 9 minutes. The aircraft used 6 lbs of fuel during the flight. Overall, the flight was characterized by a smooth and efficient climb, cruise, and descent, with a good landing and a short taxiing time.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 28 at 6Y1 Bois Blanc in the PA28 Warrior II
95.95 %
94.43 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 28 at 6Y1 Bois Blanc. Takeoff distance 419 ft 12 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 63 kt. Local weather - Temperature 62 °F. Wind 8 kt at 339 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 419 ft using 12.4 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 63 kn - Target 65 kn
Alignment
97.17 %
0.0 ft left to 12.6 ft right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 55 40
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
01,0002,0003,000-50-40-30-20-1001020304050 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28 6Y1 Bois Blanc.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 5 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 350 -100
93.41 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28 6Y1 Bois Blanc.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 75 70
Bank °
73.63 %
13 7 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 7 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 850 600
01,0002,0003,00003468102136170 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport in the PA28 Warrior II
Landing Score 85.94 %
Landing Summary

The PA28 Warrior II aircraft successfully landed at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport, achieving an impressive score of 85.9%. The final approach was conducted from the west, heading 73.0° at 0 nm and 328 ft above ground level (agl). The aircraft demonstrated excellent control and precision as it descended onto runway 08, which has a length of 3,491 ft.

Upon reaching the threshold, the aircraft's height was significantly above the target, indicating a slight delay in the descent. However, the threshold speed was good at 64 kt, suggesting that the pilot maintained a steady and controlled approach. The touchdown distance of 1,318 ft was also within acceptable limits, and the touchdown speed of 48 kt was well within the recommended range.

One of the standout aspects of this landing was the excellent touchdown rate of -52 fpm, which indicates a smooth and controlled touchdown. The runway touchdown alignment was perfect, demonstrating the pilot's skill and attention to detail. The local weather conditions, with a temperature of 60°F and a gentle wind of 3 kt at 40°, contributed to a relatively straightforward landing.

The total landing distance of 1,821 ft was 52% of the runway length, which is a reasonable distance considering the aircraft's size and the runway's length. The runway rollout alignment was also perfect, indicating that the pilot maintained control and stability throughout the landing process. Overall, this landing was a testament to the pilot's skill and experience, and the aircraft's performance under controlled conditions.

97.54 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 328 ft agl to 304 ft agl. A decrease of 24 ft in 2 seconds.
Glideslope
91.81 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
91.81 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
68 64 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-674 -737 -800
87.57 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 291 ft agl to 96 ft agl. A decrease of 195 ft in 15 seconds.
Glideslope
37.87 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
37.87 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
68 64 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-575 -738 -900
00.250.50.751050100150200250 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
56.2 %
Landing
Landing on runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac Island Airport, runway length 3,491 ft. Threshold height at 89 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was good at 64 kt.
Height
24.8 %
Threshold height at 89 ft agl was significantly above target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 64 kt. Target 65 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
65 52 40
Pitch °
Info
4 -0.5 -5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-51 -376 -700
02505007501,0001,2501,50001836537189 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
02505007501,0001,2501,500-50-40-30-20-1001020304050 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
100 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 1,318 ft. Touchdown speed at 48 kt was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -52 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 3 kt at 40 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
Touchdown
100 %
Touchdown rate was excellent at -54 ft/m.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 48 kt was good. Target below 61 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 1,318 ft.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.5 °
G
100 %
G 1.03 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
100 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 1,821 ft, 52 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 1,821 ft using 52.16 % of runway
Alignment
100 %
Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
47 39 30
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2 0
05001,0001,500 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
Metrics
Metrics

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