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KSFO
San Francisco, United States
Runway 28L
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight144,832 lbs
Fuel22,000 lbs
Wind290° · 4 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

98.81 %
KDEN
Denver, United States
Runway 34R
Elevation5,348 ft asl
Weight134,467 lbs
Fuel11,268 lbs
Wind35° · 4 kn · 2 kn cross
23 Jul 2026 2:48 951 nm Airbus A320 10,732 lbs
Departure Score
97.56 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
98.87 %

What went well

Touched down at -22 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,253 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 49 ft and 139 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 13.3 ° at 76 %, −0.49 points
Arrival Landing — g force 0.78 to 2.43 g at 33 %, −0.34 points
Departure Roll — Runway alignment max 24.9 ft left at 83 %, −0.28 points

Next time

Departure

Use smoother, smaller aileron inputs to keep the wings level and hold bank angle near wings-level during the climb.

What happened: During the climb, bank angle rose to 5.9°, more roll than the climb out called for.

Watch for: Attitude indicator: wings level during the climb

See Departure Climb 2

Arrival

Smooth out your control inputs through touchdown and rollout, easing the controls rather than snapping them to avoid sharp g spikes.

What happened: Average g force through the landing came out at 1.1 g, well above the smooth, steady loading expected through touchdown and rollout.

Watch for: G-force meter: hold it within the normal smooth range through touchdown and rollout.

See Arrival Landing

A good takeoff has a defined shape. It also has a defined end. For an airliner that's thrust reduction and acceleration, commonly somewhere around 1,000 to 1,500 ft above the airfield depending on the operator, while for a light aircraft it's established at Vy with the flaps on schedule. Most simmers have no defined end to their takeoff, which is exactly why it never gets judged.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 25 stages, 23 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 21 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 13 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.7 ° min to max 1.0 ° -0.4 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.5 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Off  · 6 kt
Info Navigation Lights On  · 6 kt
Info Beacon Lights On  · 6 kt
Info Strobe Lights Off  · 6 kt
Info Landing Lights Off  · 6 kt
Info Landing Gear Down  · 6 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 6 kt
Info Flaps Position 1  · 6 kt
Info Flaps Position 1  · 7 kt
Info Flaps Position 1  · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights On  · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 6 kt
Info Landing Lights On  · 7 kt
Info Strobe Lights On  · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 6 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport, Average speed was 24 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 10 kt6 kt min to max 21 kt 6 21 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
Departure Roll 96.69Departure roll runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport. Takeoff distance 5,371 ft 49 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 163 kt. Local weather - Temperature 61 °F. Wind 4 kt at 290 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 5,371 ft49 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 163 ktTarget 159 kt
83 % Runway alignment max 24.9 ft left24.9 ft left to 3.9 ft right -1.8 -3.6 ft
99.9 % Average g force 1.00 g0.85 g min to max 1.26 g 1.02 1.15 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-9.4 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.2 -9.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.0 2.7 °
Departure Climb 1 99.46Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 163 kt161 kt min to max 164 kt 163 161 kt
98 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.2 ° min to max 5.7 ° 3.0 5.7 °
99 % Average g force 1.21 g1.13 g min to max 1.30 g 1.26 1.30 g
Info Average VSI 1,051 fpm679 fpm min to max 1,322 fpm 679 1,322 fpm
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 34 ft agl 0 34 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -12.5 °-14.7 ° min to max -9.8 ° -9.8 -14.7 °
Departure Climb 2 94.08Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 163 kt160 kt min to max 164 kt 161 160 kt
76 % Average bank angle 5.9 °1.5 ° min to max 13.3 ° 5.9 13.3 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.17 g0.98 g min to max 1.30 g 1.30 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 1,920 fpm1,344 fpm min to max 2,931 fpm 1,344 2,931 fpm
Info Average altitude 83 ft agl35 ft agl min to max 296 ft agl 35 296 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -15.2 °-16.0 ° min to max -14.7 ° -14.7 -15.5 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Off 142 ft agl · 164 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead KSFO San Francisco International Airport San Francisco (California, United States). Climbing from 358 ft asl to 36,009 ft asl, an increase of 35,651 ft in 22 minutes and covering 152 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 229 kt155 kt min to max 290 kt 159 258 kt
100 % Average bank angle 10.7 °0.0 ° min to max 32.4 ° 13.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.17 g 1.06 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 1,994 fpm-76 fpm min to max 3,838 fpm 2,953 -76 fpm
Info Average altitude 11,077 ft asl358 ft asl min to max 36,009 ft asl 358 36,009 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -8.4 °-16.4 ° min to max -2.2 ° -16.0 -2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5,960 ft agl · 243 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 6,048 ft agl · 243 kt
Info Landing Lights Off 7,443 ft agl · 236 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of Crystal Bay (Nevada, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 43 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,300 ft of 35,990 ft asl35,948 ft asl min to max 36,113 ft asl 36,001 36,113 ft asl
100 % Average speed 258 kt257 kt min to max 258 kt 258 257 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.1 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.3 °-2.7 ° min to max -2.2 ° -2.3 -2.7 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of 22FE DOCILF Fernley (Nevada, United States). Climbing from 36,153 ft asl to 42,712 ft asl, an increase of 6,558 ft in 9 minutes and covering 69 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 231 kt196 kt min to max 257 kt 257 196 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.8 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.0 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 618 fpm327 fpm min to max 777 fpm 335 327 fpm
Info Average altitude 39,412 ft asl36,153 ft asl min to max 42,712 ft asl 36,153 42,712 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.3 °-6.1 ° min to max -2.7 ° -2.7 -6.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 9 miles north of NV30 Dixie Valley Airport Fallon (Nevada, United States). Descent from 42,805 ft asl to 36,286 ft asl, a decrease of 6,519 ft in 6 minutes and covering 46 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 229 kt193 kt min to max 259 kt 194 259 kt
100 % Average bank angle 21.0 °0.1 ° min to max 30.4 ° 1.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.86 g min to max 1.17 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -953 fpm-1,214 fpm min to max 302 fpm 302 -992 fpm
Info Average altitude 40,100 ft asl36,286 ft asl min to max 42,874 ft asl 42,805 36,286 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.6 °-6.2 ° min to max -1.0 ° -6.2 -1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 13 miles north of KBAT Battle Mountain Airport Battle Mountain (Nevada, United States) and lasted 58 minutes, covering 463 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,303 ft of 35,982 ft asl35,939 ft asl min to max 36,058 ft asl 36,058 35,963 ft asl
100 % Average speed 261 kt260 kt min to max 262 kt 261 262 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 10.5 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-2.2 ° min to max -1.5 ° -1.5 -2.1 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles north east of Hayden (Colorado, United States). Descent from 35,881 ft asl to 19,231 ft asl, a decrease of 16,650 ft in 14 minutes and covering 82 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 212 kt195 kt min to max 261 kt 261 196 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 9.4 ° 0.2 9.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -1,194 fpm-1,795 fpm min to max -29 fpm -1,010 -966 fpm
Info Average altitude 26,780 ft asl19,231 ft asl min to max 35,881 ft asl 35,881 19,231 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.9 °-6.0 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.8 -4.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 5 miles north east of 34CD Elk Park Ranch Airport Allenspark (Colorado, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,461 ft of 19,063 ft asl18,992 ft asl min to max 19,217 ft asl 19,217 19,078 ft asl
100 % Average speed 196 kt195 kt min to max 197 kt 196 196 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.2 °0.0 ° min to max 10.0 ° 9.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -5.5 °-6.4 ° min to max -4.6 ° -4.6 -5.7 °
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles north east of Lyons (Colorado, United States). Descent from 19,046 ft asl to 10,990 ft asl, a decrease of 8,056 ft in 9 minutes and covering 37 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 197 kt192 kt min to max 198 kt 196 197 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.2 °0.0 ° min to max 18.4 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.13 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,179 fpm-2,132 fpm min to max 1,018 fpm -212 13 fpm
Info Average altitude 14,342 ft asl10,990 ft asl min to max 19,317 ft asl 19,046 10,990 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °-5.8 ° min to max 5.0 ° -5.8 0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 14,592 ft agl · 269 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 14,604 ft agl · 269 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 14,326 ft agl · 269 kt
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north of Aurora (Colorado, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 19 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,049 ft of 10,983 ft asl10,896 ft asl min to max 11,001 ft asl 10,989 10,991 ft asl
100 % Average speed 185 kt161 kt min to max 198 kt 197 161 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 6.8 ° 0.0 6.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-3.8 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.5 -1.3 °

Events

Info Landing Lights On 5,861 ft agl · 224 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 5,964 ft agl · 196 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 5,968 ft agl · 196 kt
Enroute Descent 4 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of The Pinery (Colorado, United States). Descent from 10,991 ft asl to 10,384 ft asl, a decrease of 607 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 161 kt161 kt min to max 162 kt 161 161 kt
100 % Average bank angle 17.0 °6.5 ° min to max 26.2 ° 9.3 6.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.94 g min to max 1.11 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -354 fpm-1,302 fpm min to max 35 fpm -4 -1,166 fpm
Info Average altitude 10,887 ft asl10,384 ft asl min to max 10,998 ft asl 10,991 10,384 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-2.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° -1.4 1.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 5 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north east of The Pinery (Colorado, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,013 ft of 10,045 ft asl9,999 ft asl min to max 10,263 ft asl 10,263 9,999 ft asl
100 % Average speed 161 kt160 kt min to max 162 kt 161 162 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.2 ° min to max 4.4 ° 4.4 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-1.4 ° min to max 2.0 ° 2.0 -1.2 °
Enroute Descent 5 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north west of 1CO8 Everitt Airport Parker (Colorado, United States). Descent from 9,996 ft asl to 8,956 ft asl, a decrease of 1,039 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 161 kt153 kt min to max 162 kt 161 153 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -686 fpm-1,039 fpm min to max 26 fpm -16 -1,039 fpm
Info Average altitude 9,603 ft asl8,956 ft asl min to max 9,996 ft asl 9,996 8,956 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.7 ° -1.3 0.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 3,881 ft agl · 190 kt
Enroute Level 6 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles south east of KBKF Buckley Space Force Base Aurora (Colorado, United States) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±939 ft of 8,334 ft asl7,937 ft asl min to max 8,778 ft asl 8,778 7,937 ft asl
100 % Average speed 139 kt138 kt min to max 144 kt 144 138 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-1.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -1.6 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights On 3,215 ft agl · 162 kt
Enroute Descent 6 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south of Aetna Estates (Colorado, United States). Descent from 7,821 ft asl to 6,195 ft asl, a decrease of 1,626 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 139 kt138 kt min to max 139 kt 139 139 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.0 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -823 fpm-853 fpm min to max -790 fpm -811 -801 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,667 ft asl6,195 ft asl min to max 7,821 ft asl 7,821 6,195 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-1.6 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.6 -1.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 34R at KDEN Denver International Airport. Descent from 886 ft agl to -284 ft agl in 528 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON 6,195 ft agl
Arrival Landing 94.88Landing on runway 34R at KDEN Denver International Airport, runway length 12,014 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 139 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 139 kt. Target 136 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
93 % The flare held the target profile well. The flare began at 0 ft agl above the runway, lower than this type wants. Touchdown was 1,253 ft past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.8 ft left3.8 ft left to 0.2 ft left 2.7 0.2 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.4 0.7 °
33 % Average g force 1.10 g0.78 g min to max 2.43 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average speed 138 kt135 kt min to max 139 kt 139 135 kt
Info Average VSI -533 fpm-796 fpm min to max 117 fpm -784 117 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl4 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 49 4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.1 °-4.9 ° min to max -1.2 ° -1.2 -4.3 °
02505007501,00001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,000-90-72-54-36-1801836547290Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 1,252 ft. Touchdown speed at 135 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was perfect at -22 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 77 °F. Wind 2 kt at 43 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -22 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,253 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 135 ktTarget below 133 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.9 ft left0.6 ft left 0.2 0.9 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.7 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.7 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.96 g min to max 1.16 g 0.99 0.96 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 135 kt135 kt min to max 135 kt 135 135 kt
Info Average pitch angle -4.6 °-4.9 ° min to max -4.3 ° -4.3 -4.9 °
Arrival Rollout 99.49Total landing distance 3,538 ft, 29 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 3,538 ft29 % of runway.
99 % Runway alignment max 11.0 ft right1.4 ft left to 11.0 ft right 1.0 -8.8 ft
99.9 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.17 g 0.94 1.00 g
Info Average speed 69 kt40 kt min to max 74 kt 74 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle -3.8 °-5.5 ° min to max 1.2 ° -5.0 1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.9 °0.7 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.9 1.3 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On  · 149 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 145 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 25 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 36 kt 36 4 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-1.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.2 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 1.0 °0.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.8 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On  · 9 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 6 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 10 kt
Info Landing Lights Off  · 11 kt
Info Strobe Lights Off  · 11 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 13 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kt0 kt min to max 12 kt 2 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-1.5 ° min to max 1.3 ° -0.7 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.0 1.3 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On  · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 5 kt
Info Taxi Lights Off  · 5 kt
Info Navigation Lights Off  · 5 kt
Info Beacon Lights Off  · 5 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 162 kt with 9.8° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

180 kt12060020°10°0°LIFTOFF9.8° off15° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 48 kt 0.2° 0 s
80 kt736 ft 81 kt 0.3° 6.2 s
Liftoff5,018 ft · target 159 162 kt 9.8° 29.0 s
35 ft5,757 ft · 3.6 s after liftoff 161 kt 14.7° 32.6 s
End of the climb7,491 ft · 297 ft 160 kt 15.5° 42.6 s

Takeoff from KSFO 28L

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
5,371ft49 %
Liftoff speed100.00
162kttarget 159, 3 fast
Runway alignment83.47
24.9ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.46
1,051fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 297 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 4,922 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,310 fpm on average to 297 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 162 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 11,060 ft runway.

Rolled from 381 ft in, drifted 26 ft left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 48 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

2,0004,0006,0008,00010,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 25.6 ft LROLL 381 FT INAirborne 5,399 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 5,399 ft of 11,060 ft · 49 %
Behind the start of the roll, 381 ftTakeoff roll, 5,018 ft Left ahead, 5,661 ft

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate800 fpm790 fpm
On glideslope2.8°2.8°
On centreline0.1° off0.1° off
On speed+2.6 kt+2.9 kt
Wings level1° bank0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KDEN 34R

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 100 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,2196473452041,000 ft gate7 of 7979 ft · 139 kt500 ft gate7 of 7516 ft · 139 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 52× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 20 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR60 ft L060 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND10 ft L14 ft L7 ft L7 ft L20 ft L12 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +3 kt and +3 kt on the approach speed of 136 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 136+3 kt+3 kt+3 kt+3 kt+3 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KDEN 34R

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
49ft
Threshold speed100.00
139kttarget 136, 3 fast
Centreline offset100.00
3.8ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,253ft
Centreline100.00
0.9ft L
Speed100.00
135kttarget 132, 3 fast
Touchdown rate100.00
-22fpm
Impact100.00
1.16G
BouncesOk
None
The flare93.00

The flare held the target profile well. The flare began at 0 ft agl above the runway, lower than this type wants. Touchdown was 1,253 ft past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.

The crosswind

Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 035° at 4 kt · 3 kt head · 1 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 75 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 19 s, an average deceleration of 0.13 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 1,271 ft30 kt · 2,745 fttouchdown2,855 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 49 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 0 ft. Touched down 1,253 ft in, 253 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

49 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 0 ft · −199 fpm · −4.9° · 137 kt−22 fpm · −4° nose down · 136 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 49 ft, down at 1,253 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 200 fpm at the flare to 20 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 0.9° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−5°2°10°flaretouchdown−22 fpm at touchdown−4° at touchdown, +0.9° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 12,014 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 10 ft of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 1 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,253 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,253 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 3,444 ft of 12,014 ft · 29 %
In the air over the runway, 1,253 ftRollout, 2,191 ft Left over, 8,570 ft
Rollout distance100.00
2,191ft29 % used
Rollout alignment98.88
11.0ft R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Airbus A320 taxied from the parking area to runway 28L at KSFO, a movement that lasted 21 minutes and covered 3 nm.

During the departure roll on runway 28L, the aircraft accelerated to a liftoff speed of 163 kt, using a takeoff distance of 5,371 ft (49 % of the runway). Ambient conditions were 61 °F with a wind of 4 kt from 290°, a 1 kt cross-wind component and a 4 kt head-wind.

The initial climb began overhead KSFO, climbing from 358 ft asl to 36,009 ft asl - an increase of 35,651 ft - in 22 minutes while traversing 152 nm.

A level cruise segment commenced 2 mi southeast of Crystal Bay, Nevada, lasting 5 minutes and covering 43 nm.

A second climb started 1 mi northwest of Fernley, Nevada, gaining altitude from 36,153 ft asl to 42,712 ft asl (increase of 6,558 ft) in 9 minutes over a distance of 69 nm.

The first descent began 9 mi north of Dixie Valley Airport, Nevada, descending from 42,805 ft asl to 36,286 ft asl (decrease of 6,519 ft) in 6 minutes while covering 46 nm.

A cruise leg followed 13 mi north of Battle Mountain Airport, Nevada, lasting 58 minutes and extending 463 nm.

The next descent started 4 mi northeast of Hayden, Colorado, dropping from 35,881 ft asl to 19,231 ft asl (decrease of 16,650 ft) in 14 minutes and covering 82

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