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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.
What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 4.9 m off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
On final, steepen your descent to stay on the glideslope so you cross the threshold at 50 ft, correcting the deviation before it carries through.
What happened: This flight drifted off the glideslope during the approach, then crossed the threshold 125 ft agl above the height target while carrying extra speed. High, fast crossings like this usually carry the touchdown long, and this one touched down 645 m beyond the aim point.
Watch for: Radio altimeter: 50 ft over the threshold.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 12 stages, 11 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 93 kt with 4.2° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 141 kt, 11 kt over its 130 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 1,015 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 186 m of runway left; gear up at 45 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,110 fpm on average to 1,015 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,067 m runway.
Rolled from 710 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 4.7 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.8 m right, in 8 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 70 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: gear still up, sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3°, centreline more than 1° off, wings more than 10° from level and speed more than 27 kt above the approach speed of 90 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: gear up all the way, high all the way, left of the centreline all the way, fast all the way, banked until 0.9 nm, sinking too fast from 1.8 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 1,270 ft over).
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 775 m left of the centreline at 3.0 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 45 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 27 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +59 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare tracked the target profile closely. Crossing the threshold 38 kt above target, the aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 1,102 m past the threshold. The flare cannot burn off excess energy - fix the approach speed and the float goes with it.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 220° at 14 kt · 14 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 76 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 17 s, an average deceleration of 0.22 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,554 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 175 ft, 125 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 26 ft. Touched down 1,102 m in, 797 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,554 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 320 fpm at the flare to 150 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,554 m of the 2,621 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3.8 m left of the centreline and drifted to 20 m left on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 1,102 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The aircraft taxied to runway 26 at KDKX Knoxville Downtown Island Airport and commenced the departure roll, using 760 m of runway which represented 72 % of the available length. Liftoff was achieved at 93 kt. Ambient conditions were a temperature of 32 °C with wind from 220° at 14 kt, providing an 11 kt headwind component and an 8 kt cross-wind component.
Climb began once the aircraft was overhead Knoxville, Tennessee, and the flight ascended from 1,926 ft asl to 3,079 ft asl, a gain of 1,153 ft achieved in 1 minute while covering 1 nm.
Level cruise was established approximately 1 mile southwest of Knoxville. The cruise segment lasted 3 minutes and the aircraft progressed 9 nm before beginning descent.
The final approach to runway 23L at KTYS McGhee Tyson Airport was flown from the northeast on a heading of 252.0° at 2 nm and 1,698 ft agl. Weather at the destination was again 32 °C with wind from 220° at 14 kt, yielding a 14 kt headwind and a 1 kt cross-wind component.
Landing on runway 23L, whose total length is 2,625 m, occurred with a threshold height at 175 ft agl that was noted as excessively over target and a threshold speed of 128 kt that was excessively high. Touchdown was recorded 662 m beyond the designated touchdown zone at a speed of 85 kt; the vertical speed at touchdown was minus 161 fpm and alignment was perfect. The total landing distance measured 1,449 m, representing 55 % of the runway, and the rollout alignment was offset by 46.2 m from the centreline.
Rollout continued after touchdown, during which the aircraft’s centreline deviation of 46.2 m was observed before the pilot exited the runway.
The aircraft taxied from the runway to parking in 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm.
In total the flight covered 15 nm, required 7 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 15 kg of fuel.
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