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CYTZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 08
Elevation249 ft asl
Weight679 kg
Fuel35 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

93.18 %
CYOO
Oshawa, Canada
Runway 30
Elevation449 ft asl
Weight673 kg
Fuel28 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross
26 Feb 2024 0:28 34 nm Cessna 152 7 kg
Departure Score
93.57 %
Enroute Score
99.61 %
Arrival Score
83.50 %

What went well

Touchdown 196 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout held the centreline — 0.09 m off at taxi speed
Airborne in 597 m — 49 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 26 %, −3.02 points
Departure Roll — taxi light on should off; Liftoff speed was 72 kn at 58 %, Takeoff distance 1,000 m at 71 %, −1.65 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 1.9 ° at 21 %, −1.35 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

On a 3° glideslope your sink rate in feet per minute is roughly your groundspeed in knots times five (5.3, strictly). A Cessna 172 at 65 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 345 fpm. An A320 at 140 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 740 fpm. the entire job of the flare is to take that 350 to 750 fpm and reduce it to something in the normal band, in roughly the last five seconds of the flight.

Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight Simulator

Start to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kn0 kn min to max 12 kn 0 9 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 knmax 9 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.3 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Departure Roll 80.17Departure roll runway 08 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre. Takeoff distance 1,000 m 82 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 72 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
71 % Takeoff distance 1,000 m82 % of runway
58 % Liftoff speed was 72 knTarget 56 kn
93 % Runway alignment max 6.71 m3.57 m left to 3.14 m right 2.55 -1.05 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.1 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.6 2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.5 0.4 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08 CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 76 kn72 kn min to max 77 kn 72 77 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.4 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.94 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 575 ft/m427 ft/m min to max 634 ft/m 427 584 ft/m
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 0 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °2.2 ° min to max 6.5 ° 2.2 5.0 °
Departure Climb 2 94.13Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08 CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.2 1.1 °
100 % Average speed 78 kn77 kn min to max 84 kn 77 77 kn
77 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.1 ° min to max 10.9 ° 1.1 10.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.87 g min to max 1.17 g 0.97 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 626 ft/m184 ft/m min to max 1,021 ft/m 580 1,021 ft/m
Info Average altitude 108 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 378 ft agl 50 378 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °2.2 ° min to max 9.1 ° 5.0 9.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 177 ft agl · 80 kt
Enroute Climb 99.31Enroute climb started overhead CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 653 ft asl to 2,112 ft asl, an increase of 1,459 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 79 kn68 kn min to max 87 kn 77 82 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.1 ° min to max 19.2 ° 11.0 2.0 °
93 % Average g force 1.00 g0.70 g min to max 1.37 g 0.99 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 683 ft/m-96 ft/m min to max 1,617 ft/m 1,016 348 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,413 ft asl653 ft asl min to max 2,112 ft asl 653 2,112 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °0.5 ° min to max 14.1 ° 8.9 5.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 14 minutes, covering 21 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,264 ft asl2,121 ft asl min to max 2,366 ft asl 2,121 2,345 ft asl
100 % Average speed 97 kn82 kn min to max 107 kn 82 99 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °0.0 ° min to max 24.7 ° 2.6 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.25 g 1.07 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-1.8 ° min to max 5.8 ° 5.8 0.7 °
Enroute Descent 99.14Enroute descent started 2 miles south east of Ajax (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,343 ft asl to 1,481 ft asl, a decrease of 862 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 106 kn94 kn min to max 109 kn 100 94 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 0.2 0.1 °
91 % Average g force 1.00 g0.60 g min to max 1.17 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -407 ft/m-711 ft/m min to max 282 ft/m -18 243 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,818 ft asl1,460 ft asl min to max 2,343 ft asl 2,343 1,481 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-3.6 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.6 2.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of CYOO Oshawa Oshawa (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,416 ft asl1,300 ft asl min to max 1,494 ft asl 1,485 1,357 ft asl
100 % Average speed 76 kn53 kn min to max 94 kn 94 63 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.4 °0.0 ° min to max 27.5 ° 0.4 15.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.80 g min to max 1.22 g 0.98 1.13 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-4.9 ° min to max 4.7 ° 2.0 -3.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,069 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,080 ft agl · 73 kt
Arrival 97.83Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 2 miles south west of CYOO Oshawa Oshawa (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 71 kn65 kn min to max 74 kn 65 68 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.2 °1.2 ° min to max 5.8 ° 4.1 3.4 °
89 % Average g force 0.99 g0.56 g min to max 1.31 g 0.99 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -1,024 ft/m-1,336 ft/m min to max -416 ft/m -553 -1,094 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,110 ft asl848 ft asl min to max 1,339 ft asl 1,339 848 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -7.3 °-12.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -4.3 -6.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 83.77Approaching runway 30 at CYOO Oshawa from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 383 ft agl to 17 ft agl. A decrease of 366 ft in 45 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
21 % Approach angle 1.9 °1.2 ° min to max 3.7 °Target 3.0 ° 3.7 1.2 °
100 % Average speed 60 kn58 kn min to max 67 kn 67 58 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.4 0.0 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 3.5 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -353 ft/m-1,018 ft/m min to max -230 ft/m -1,018 -287 ft/m
Info Average altitude 72 ft agl17 ft agl min to max 383 ft agl 383 17 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-6.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° -6.2 0.1 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 63.76Landing on runway 30 at CYOO Oshawa, runway length 1,289 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 58 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 58 kn. Target 60 kn
26 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.6 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.85 g min to max 1.15 g 1.06 1.09 g
Info Average speed 56 kn54 kn min to max 58 kn 58 54 kn
Info Average VSI -133 ft/m-309 ft/m min to max 58 ft/m -283 -307 ft/m
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 13 ft agl 13 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-1.7 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.2 0.2 °
07515022501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 88.92Touchdown distance was good at 193 m. Touchdown speed at 54 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -307 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 2 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
73 % Touchdown VSI was -307 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 193 mTarget 457 m
80 % Speed at touchdown 54 knTarget 44 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.26 m0.08 m right 0.06 -0.19 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.2 °
92 % Average g force 1.04 g0.77 g min to max 1.39 g 1.09 1.09 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 51 kn48 kn min to max 54 kn 54 48 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-1.9 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.2 0.8 °
Arrival Rollout 97.56Total landing distance 743 m, 58 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 743 m58 % of runway.
95 % Runway alignment max 3.62 m0.53 m left to 3.09 m right -0.18 0.09 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.00 g
Info Average speed 47 kn30 kn min to max 53 kn 53 30 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.9 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 51 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 9 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kn18 kn min to max 30 kn 30 18 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 72 kt with 2.2° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF2.2° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 0.6° 0 s
Liftoff539 m 72 kt 2.2° 26.5 s
35 ft709 m · 4.1 s after liftoff 76 kt 5.7° 30.7 s
End of the climb1,984 m · 379 ft 77 kt 9.1° 60 s

Takeoff from CYTZ 08

Takeoff roll100.00
597m49 %
Liftoff speed57.92
72kt
Runway alignment92.93
3.57m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
575fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 379 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 445 m of runway left; then climbing at 670 fpm on average to 379 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 72 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,216 m runway.

Rolled from 62 m in, drifted 3.6 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 49 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 3.56 m LROLL 62 M INAirborne 601 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 601 m of 1,216 m · 49 %
Behind the start of the roll, 62 mTakeoff roll, 539 m Left ahead, 615 m

The approach to CYOO 30

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.5 nm, where the final began, to 1.1 nm (up to 430 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND957540176
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 419 m right of the centreline at 1.5 nm, then inside the band from 0.8 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND366 m R100 m R11 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYOO 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height29.47
13ft
Threshold speed100.00
58kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
196m
Centreline100.00
0.20m R
Speed80.41
54kt
Touchdown rate72.94
-307fpm
Impact92.00
1.39G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 270° at 2 kt · 2 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 26 s, an average deceleration of 0.06 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 547 mtouchdown569 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,289 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 13 ft, 37 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 196 m in, 109 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,289 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

13 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −307 fpm · 0.2° nose up · 54 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 13 ft, down at 196 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From 18 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 130 fpm before coming down at 310 fpm to touch. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°touchdown−307 fpm at touchdown0.2° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,289 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2.5 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 196 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 196 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 307 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 676 m of 1,289 m · 52 %
In the air over the runway, 196 mRollout, 480 m Left over, 613 m
Rollout distance100.00
480m52 % used
Rollout alignment94.58
3.09m R

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