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LROP
Otopeni, Romania
Runway 08L
Elevation305 ft asl
Weight67,427 kg
Fuel7,438 kg
Wind360° · 4 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

97.56 %
EDDM
Munich, Germany
Runway 26R
Elevation1,467 ft asl
Weight62,697 kg
Fuel2,598 kg
Wind239° · 10 kn · 4 kn cross
26 Oct 2026 2:22 729 nm Airbus A320ceo 4,841 kg
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
92.68 %

What went well

Touchdown 158 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 25 ft and 137 kt — both inside band
Rollout controlled — 31 % of the runway used

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 580 fpm with one bounce, −2.33 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 580 fpm−1.04
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.95
  • Arrival Touchdown · bounced once−0.27
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.60 G at contact−0.07
Arrival Landing — scored 84.05 %, −0.11 points

Next time

Arrival

Begin the flare with progressive back pressure and keep it coming until the sink is arrested, rather than flying it on flat.

What happened: The nose was barely raised in the flare and little of the sink was taken out, flying the aircraft onto the runway. This pattern usually carries through to a firm touchdown with a noticeable sink rate.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smoothly reducing sink through the normal flare band, not a steady rate into the runway.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

On a 3° glideslope your sink rate in feet per minute is roughly your groundspeed in knots times five (5.3, strictly). A Cessna 172 at 65 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 345 fpm. An A320 at 140 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 740 fpm. the entire job of the flare is to take that 350 to 750 fpm and reduce it to something in the normal band, in roughly the last five seconds of the flight.

Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight Simulator

Start to finish · 21 stages, 19 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 9 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 6 kt0 kt min to max 9 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 8 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 4 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 08L at LROP Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport, Average speed was 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 6 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 7 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.0 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 08L at LROP Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport. Takeoff distance 2,075 m 59 % of runway. Rotation speed was 158 kt. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 4 kt at 360 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,075 m59 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 158 ktTarget 151 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.83 m left3.83 m left to 0.26 m right 1.67 3.83 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.04 g 0.99 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.2 ° min to max 8.5 ° 0.3 8.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08L LROP Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 168 kt165 kt min to max 170 kt 165 170 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.4 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.18 g1.04 g min to max 1.25 g 1.04 1.25 g
Info Average VSI 607 fpm126 fpm min to max 1,219 fpm 126 1,219 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 29 ft agl 0 29 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.3 °8.6 ° min to max 16.0 ° 8.6 16.0 °
Departure Climb 2 99.99Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08L LROP Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 169 kt166 kt min to max 170 kt 170 166 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.5 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.6 0.5 °
99.9 % Average g force 1.22 g0.90 g min to max 1.26 g 1.25 0.90 g
Info Average VSI 1,793 fpm1,252 fpm min to max 3,397 fpm 1,252 3,384 fpm
Info Average altitude 67 ft agl30 ft agl min to max 306 ft agl 30 306 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 17.4 °16.1 ° min to max 19.3 ° 16.1 17.7 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 100 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 100 ft agl · 169 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 08L LROP Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 163 kt162 kt min to max 165 ktTarget 164 kt, 1 kt slow 165 162 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.9 °0.0 ° min to max 10.4 ° 0.4 10.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.89 g min to max 0.97 g 0.91 0.97 g
100 % Landing gear up at 57 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.1 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -0.3 °
Info Average VSI 2,760 fpm2,399 fpm min to max 3,301 fpm 3,301 2,399 fpm
Info Average altitude 660 ft agl362 ft agl min to max 939 ft agl 362 939 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 16.2 °15.5 ° min to max 17.6 ° 17.6 15.6 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north of Tunari (Ilfov, Romania). Climbing from 1,302 ft asl to 36,008 ft asl, an increase of 34,706 ft in 19 minutes and covering 118 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 257 kt162 kt min to max 286 kt 162 251 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.3 °0.0 ° min to max 30.1 ° 10.8 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.84 g min to max 1.22 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 2,287 fpm-12 fpm min to max 3,642 fpm 2,388 -12 fpm
Info Average altitude 13,187 ft asl1,302 ft asl min to max 36,008 ft asl 1,302 36,008 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.4 °3.3 ° min to max 15.8 ° 15.6 3.4 °
Info Turn coordination 0-12 min to max 9 -2 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2,308 ft agl · 216 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,486 ft agl · 230 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 8,988 ft agl · 291 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of Voineasa (Valcea, Romania) and lasted 60 minutes, covering 414 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,300 ft of 36,016 ft asl35,973 ft asl min to max 36,045 ft asl 36,006 35,987 ft asl
100 % Average speed 251 kt248 kt min to max 253 kt 251 249 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 18.4 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 5 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °3.1 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.5 3.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles south east of Rosenau am Hengstpass (Oberoesterreich, Austria). Descent from 35,987 ft asl to 10,029 ft asl, a decrease of 25,958 ft in 17 minutes and covering 84 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 257 kt249 kt min to max 265 kt 249 251 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 21.7 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.09 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -1,507 fpm-1,835 fpm min to max 8 fpm -3 -200 fpm
Info Average altitude 21,488 ft asl10,029 ft asl min to max 35,989 ft asl 35,987 10,029 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.5 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 0-7 min to max 1 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 8,546 ft agl · 289 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south east of Taufkirchen (Bavaria, Germany) and lasted 6 minutes, covering 27 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,001 ft of 9,870 ft asl9,232 ft asl min to max 10,015 ft asl 10,015 9,232 ft asl
100 % Average speed 250 kt250 kt min to max 251 kt 251 250 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.6 °0.0 ° min to max 21.5 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-7 min to max 2 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.7 2.2 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of Zorneding (Bavaria, Germany). Descent from 9,179 ft asl to 7,621 ft asl, a decrease of 1,558 ft in 5 minutes and covering 22 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 250 kt249 kt min to max 250 kt 250 250 kt
100 % Average bank angle 19.6 °0.0 ° min to max 30.0 ° 0.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.99 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -302 fpm-356 fpm min to max -224 fpm -303 -301 fpm
Info Average altitude 8,258 ft asl7,621 ft asl min to max 9,179 ft asl 9,179 7,621 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °2.2 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.2 2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 4-1 min to max 6 0 0
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of Ismaning (Bavaria, Germany) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±878 ft of 7,345 ft asl7,124 ft asl min to max 7,562 ft asl 7,562 7,124 ft asl
100 % Average speed 250 kt250 kt min to max 251 kt 250 251 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °2.1 ° min to max 2.2 ° 2.2 2.1 °
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile west of Walpertskirchen (Bavaria, Germany). Descent from 7,074 ft asl to 5,571 ft asl, a decrease of 1,503 ft in 5 minutes and covering 23 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 232 kt224 kt min to max 250 kt 250 224 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.0 °0.0 ° min to max 19.9 ° 0.0 15.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -306 fpm-354 fpm min to max -286 fpm -305 -327 fpm
Info Average altitude 5,943 ft asl5,571 ft asl min to max 7,074 ft asl 7,074 5,571 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °2.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 2.1 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination -3-7 min to max 0 0 -4
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit (Bavaria, Germany) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 15 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±778 ft of 5,372 ft asl5,004 ft asl min to max 5,605 ft asl 5,565 5,006 ft asl
100 % Average speed 210 kt191 kt min to max 224 kt 224 191 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.5 °0.0 ° min to max 15.7 ° 15.7 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination -1-4 min to max 10 -4 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °3.3 ° min to max 5.7 ° 3.3 5.7 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 3,300 ft agl · 224 kt
Enroute Descent 4 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Hohenpolding (Bavaria, Germany). Descent from 5,014 ft asl to 2,907 ft asl, a decrease of 2,108 ft in 3 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 156 kt148 kt min to max 191 kt 191 148 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -676 fpm-852 fpm min to max 11 fpm -2 -703 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,506 ft asl2,907 ft asl min to max 5,014 ft asl 5,014 2,907 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.3 ° min to max 5.6 ° 5.4 1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 3,171 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 3,088 ft agl · 200 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 2,489 ft agl · 177 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,423 ft agl · 173 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 2,250 ft agl · 164 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2,175 ft agl · 159 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 26R at EDDM Munich Airport. Descent from 1,473 ft agl to 9 ft agl in 108 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 84.05Landing on runway 26R at EDDM Munich Airport, runway length 3,981 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 137 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 137 kt. Target 136 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
36 % The flare strayed well off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 0.8° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 158 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
100 % Runway alignment max 4.54 m left4.54 m left to 2.80 m left 2.80 4.54 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.4 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average speed 137 kt136 kt min to max 137 kt 137 136 kt
Info Average VSI -626 fpm-631 fpm min to max -616 fpm -631 -616 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 25 ft agl 25 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °3.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 3.0 4.7 °
07515001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 79.37Touchdown distance was good at 158 m. Touchdown speed at 136 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was very hard at -580 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 5.0 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 6 °C. Wind 9 kt at 240 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 9 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
22 % Touchdown rate was -580 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 158 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 136 ktTarget below 129 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 4.98 m left4.75 m left 4.54 4.98 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.8 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.9 0.8 °
80 % Average g force 1.24 g1.01 g min to max 1.60 g 1.01 1.53 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 136 kt136 kt min to max 136 kt 136 136 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °4.7 ° min to max 5.3 ° 4.7 5.3 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,250 m, 31 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,250 m31 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 5.49 m left5.49 m left to 0.75 m right 5.49 -0.75 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 1.00 g
Info Average speed 98 kt64 kt min to max 128 kt 128 64 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-0.8 ° min to max 6.9 ° 5.4 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.7 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 48 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 39 kt11 kt min to max 64 kt 64 12 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.7 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 46 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 46 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 44 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 9 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 9 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 9 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 9 ft agl · 28 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 28 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 9 ft agl · 26 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kt1 kt min to max 17 kt 13 3 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 13 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.9 ° -0.3 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 158 kt, 7 kt above the 151 kt target, and lifted off at 165 kt 3.0 s later, the nose coming up at 2.7° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 164 kt target, at 163 kt on average.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 164180 kt12060020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1518.6° off · 2.7°/s17° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 24 kt 0.3° 0 s
80 kt310 m 80 kt -0.1° 11.1 s
Rotate1,688 m · target 151 158 kt 0.6° 33.3 s
Liftoff1,938 m · +7 kt from rotation 165 kt 8.6° 36.3 s
35 ft2,259 m · 3.7 s after liftoff 170 kt 16.5° 40.0 s
Gear up2,334 m · 57 ft · full marks to 400 ft 170 kt 18.1° 40.9 s
Climb 32,849 m · 362 ft to 939 ft · target 164 163 kt avg 17.6° 47.1 s
End of Climb 33,850 m · 939 ft 162 kt 15.6° 59.7 s

Takeoff from LROP 08L

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
2,075m59 %
Rotation speed100.00
158kttarget 151, 7 fast
Liftoff speed
165kt
Runway alignment100.00
3.83m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
57ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
163kttarget 164
Rate of climb100.00
607fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 939 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,090 m of runway left; gear up at 57 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,410 fpm on average to 939 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3163 kt avgtarget 164THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 158 kttarget 151Liftoff 165 ktGear up 57 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,489 m runway.

Rolled from 140 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 3.4 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.4 m left. Airborne 59 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 3.37 m LROLL 140 M INAirborne 2,078 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,078 m of 3,489 m · 60 %
Behind the start of the roll, 140 mTakeoff roll, 1,938 m Left ahead, 1,411 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate700 fpm740 fpm
On glideslope3.5°3.1°
On centreline0.1° off0.1° off
On speed+11 kt+1.2 kt
Wings level0° bank1° bank

When the approach was stable

Not every check held at once from 1.0 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDDM 26R

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 180 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,4907283511821,000 ft gate7 of 71,216 ft · 147 kt500 ft gate7 of 7569 ft · 137 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 10× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 1.0 nm, then drifted 36 m right between 1.0 and 0.3 nm, then inside the band from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR91 m L091 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND8 m L6 m L32 m R22 m R6 m L1 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +0 kt and +13 kt on the approach speed of 136 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 136+13 kt+4 kt+1 kt+0 kt+1 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDDM 26R

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
25ft
Threshold speed100.00
137kttarget 136, 1 fast
Centreline offset100.00
4.54m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
158m
Centreline100.00
4.98m L
Speed100.00
136kttarget 128, 8 fast
Touchdown rate21.84
-580fpm
Impact80.00
1.60G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare36.19

The flare strayed well off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 0.8° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 158 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The crosswind

3 kt across from the left, which takes about 1° of crab to hold the centreline at 136 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.

Wind 239° at 10 kt · 9 kt head · 3 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 25 ft, 25 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 4 ft. Touched down 158 m in, 146 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

25 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 4 ft · −558 fpm · 4° · 136 ktdescent slowed at 4 ft · −558 fpm · 4°−579 fpm · 4.7° nose up · 136 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 25 ft, down at 158 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink stayed between 560 fpm and 580 fpm from the flare to the runway. The nose came up 0.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−579 fpm at touchdown4.7° at touchdown, +0.8° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,981 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 5 m left of the centreline and drifted to 8.1 m left on the rollout, back to 0.7 m right by the end.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 158 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 158 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.60 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 1,218 m of 3,981 m · 31 %
In the air over the runway, 158 mRollout, 1,059 m Left over, 2,763 m
Rollout distance100.00
1,059m31 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
5.49m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Airbus A320-ceo taxied from the parking area to runway 08L at LROP Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport in 9 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 08L with a take-off distance of 2,075 m (59 % of the runway). Rotation occurred at 158 kt. The local weather at departure was 11 °C, wind 4 kt from 360°, crosswind 4 kt, headwind 0 kt.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 21 seconds, averaging 2,176 fpm and reaching 162 kt at the top of the climb.

Climb continued from 1,302 ft asl to 36,008 ft asl in 19 minutes, covering 118 nm, beginning 1 mile north of Tunari.

The aircraft levelled at 36,000 ft asl for 60 minutes, covering 414 nm, beginning 2 miles south of Voineasa.

Descent from 35,987 ft asl to 10,029 ft asl took 17 minutes, covering 84 nm, beginning 3 miles south-east of Rosenau am Hengstpass.

A level segment at 9,900 ft asl lasted 6 minutes, covering 27 nm, beginning 1 mile south-east of Taufkirchen.

Further descent from 9,179 ft asl to 2,907 ft asl took 20 minutes, covering 77 nm, beginning 1 mile north-west of Zorneding.

Final approach to runway 26R at EDDM Munich Airport descended from 1,473 ft agl to 9 ft agl in 108 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was landing gear down at 2,423 ft agl, 173 kt; final flap position 5 at 2,250 ft agl, 164 kt.

Landing on runway 26R (runway length 3,981 m) had a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 137 kt. The flare was very poor, with little round-out. Touchdown occurred at 136 kt, a little fast, 158 m down the runway, with a very hard rate of minus 580 fpm. The touchdown point was slightly misaligned by 5.0 m from the centreline. One bounce occurred on touchdown. Total landing distance was 1,250 m (31 % of the runway) and rollout alignment was very good.

The local weather at Munich was 6 °C, wind 9 kt from 240°, crosswind 4 kt, headwind 9 kt.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in 10 minutes, covering 2 nm.

Overall, the flight covered 729 nm in 142 minutes and used 4,841 kg of fuel.

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