Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Use small, coordinated rudder and aileron inputs to hold your assigned climb heading as soon as drift begins.
What happened: During the second climb segment, you let the aircraft drift off the assigned heading.
Watch for: Heading indicator: steady on the assigned climb heading
Arrival
Add power at the gate to bring the speed up to 64 kt and hold it through the approach.
What happened: This flight was slow at the stabilisation gate, 59 kt against 64 kt, and still slow crossing the threshold at 55 kt against 64 kt. Carrying low speed into the flare like this usually leaves little energy to cushion the touchdown, and this one arrived firm at 215 fpm.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 64 kt at the gate
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 11 stages, 10 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 51 kt, on the 52 kt target, and lifted off at 56 kt 1.4 s later, the nose coming up at 2.2° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 67 kt target, at 69 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 429 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 181 m of runway left; then climbing at 590 fpm on average to 429 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 802 m runway.
Rolled from 69 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 3.4 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.1 m right. Airborne 47 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 300 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 64 kt.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Not every check held at once from 1.4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 1.4 nm, where the final began, to 1.2 nm (up to 390 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 480 m left of the centreline at 1.4 nm, then inside it from 1.0 to 0.7 nm, then drifted 25 m right between 0.7 and 0.5 nm, then inside the band from 0.5 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 1.4 nm, where the final began, to 1.0 nm, then slow to 0.8 nm (up to −6 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 156° at 2 kt · 1 kt tail · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 802 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 13 ft, 25 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 5 ft, 45 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 216 m in, 89 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 802 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 600 fpm at the flare to 220 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.4° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 802 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 1.5 m right of the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 216 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 215 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The Tecnam P2008 JC taxied from the parking area to runway 26R at LSZL Locarno Airport in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 26R the aircraft used 397 m of runway, representing 49 % of the available length, and lifted off at 56 kt. Ambient conditions were a temperature of 19 °C, wind 5 kt from 160°, a cross-wind component of 5 kt and a tail-wind component of 1 kt.
Climb commenced overhead Magadino (Ticino, Switzerland), with the aircraft ascending from 1,147 ft asl to 2,349 ft asl - a gain of 1,201 ft - in 2 minutes while covering 2 nm.
Level cruise began still over Magadino and continued for 2 minutes, during which the aircraft travelled another 2 nm.
Descent started over Contone (Ticino, Switzerland), with altitude decreasing from 2,014 ft asl to 1,136 ft asl - a loss of 878 ft - in 2 minutes and a distance of 2 nm.
The final approach to runway 26R at LSZL was executed from the east, on a heading of 258.0° at 1 nm and 478 ft agl.
Landing was made on runway 26R, whose length is 802 m. The threshold speed was 55 kt, touchdown occurred 213 m down the runway at 37 kt, and the vertical speed at touchdown was minus 47 fpm. Alignment on touchdown was very good. Weather at the time was a temperature of 19 °C, wind 2 kt from 156°, a cross-wind component of 2 kt and a tail-wind component of 1 kt.
In total the flight covered 8 nm, taking 6 minutes, and used 0 kg of fuel.
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