Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Use smoother, smaller aileron inputs to keep the wings level and hold bank angle near wings-level during the climb.
What happened: During the climb, bank angle rose to 2.9°, more roll than the climb out called for.
Watch for: Attitude indicator: wings level during the climb
Arrival
On final, make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline.
What happened: The approach drifted off the centreline, and the aircraft touched down 23 m off the centreline before the rollout continued 16 m off it. Drifting off the centreline on approach usually carries through to touchdown and the rollout in the same direction.
Watch for: Centreline: track it with small rudder corrections, wings level.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 11 stages, 9 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 55 kt, 3 kt above the 52 kt target, and lifted off at 58 kt 1.0 s later, the nose coming up at 4.3° a second.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 281 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 294 m of runway left; then climbing at 570 fpm on average to 281 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 802 m runway.
Rolled from 45 m in, never more than 1.1 m off the centreline. Airborne 45 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 300 ft gate: sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3° and centreline more than 1° off.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: right of the centreline all the way, sinking too fast until 0.7 nm, high until 0.3 nm, slow from 0.5 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 1.5 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm (up to 680 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 209 m right of the centreline at 1.5 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 1.5 nm, where the final began, to 0.5 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −15 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.6 points, for rising 2 ft agl in the flare.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 240° at 4 kt · 4 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 41 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 7 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 699 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 21 ft, 120 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 9 ft, 41 ft below the 50 ft target; ballooned 2 ft from 7 ft. Touched down 164 m in, 140 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 699 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 830 fpm at the flare to 100 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 9.5° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 699 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 17 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 14 m right at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 164 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Tecnam P2008, registration JC, taxied to runway 26R at LSZL Locarno Airport and commenced the departure roll. The aircraft used 370 m of runway, representing 46 % of the available length, and lifted off at 58 kt. Ambient conditions were 26 °C with a wind from 240° at 5 kt, including a 2 kt cross-wind component and a 4 kt head-wind component.
During the climb the aircraft passed overhead Magadino in Ticino, Switzerland, ascending from 756 ft ASL to 2,176 ft ASL. The altitude gain of 1,421 ft was achieved in 2 minutes while covering a ground distance of 3 nm.
Level cruise began again over Magadino and was maintained for 3 minutes, during which the aircraft travelled another 3 nm at a constant altitude.
The final approach to runway 26C at LSZL was flown from the east on a heading of 257.0° at 1 nm distance and 828 ft AGL. Weather at the time of approach was 26 °C with a wind from 240° at 6 kt, a 2 kt cross-wind and a 6 kt head-wind component.
Landing was executed on runway 26C, whose length is 699 m. The threshold speed was recorded slightly below the target at 49 kt. Touchdown occurred 161 m down the runway at a speed of 35 kt, with a vertical rate of minus 109 fpm. The touchdown point was offset 17.8 m from the centreline. Total landing distance measured 262 m, equivalent to 37 % of the runway, and the rollout alignment remained off centre by 17.4 m.
In total the flight covered 8 nm, required 7 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 0 kg of fuel.
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