Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Hold the nose until reaching 80 kt before rotating.
What happened: Rotation began at 73 kt, 7 kt before the 80 kt target.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator approaching 80 kt.
Arrival
Select landing flap to the required position before the stabilization gate, not during the approach rush.
What happened: Landing flap was not set to the landing position during the approach, and after the flare arrested the sink it came back at 108 fpm before touchdown. An unstabilised flap configuration on approach usually carries through to an unsettled flare, letting sink reappear instead of staying arrested.
Watch for: Flap position indicator - confirm landing flap is set and locked before the gate.
The point is that every knot above it is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast: at a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix for "the plane just wouldn't come down" is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.
Read more in Bush Flying 101Start to finish · 14 stages, 11 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 73 kt with 6.3° of pitch. Climb 3 held close to its 114 kt target, at 111 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 429 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 522 m of runway left; gear up at 395 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 800 fpm on average to 429 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,293 m runway.
Rolled from 180 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 16 m at the widest, and lifted off 15 m left, in 8 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 38 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: no landing flap set, glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3.2°, centreline more than 1° off and wings more than 10° from level.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 0.7 to 0.5 nm, then not again: fast from 0.5 nm and left of the centreline from 0.5 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3.2° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Low from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to 1.4 nm (up to 370 ft under), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.2° here, which is about 340 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 60 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 411 m right of the centreline at 1.6 nm, then inside it from 0.9 to 0.5 nm, then 21 m left of it from 0.5 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 42 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 25 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to 0.5 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +21 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare. It lost 3.5 points, partly for taking only 630 fpm of the sink out.
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 080° at 13 kt · 13 kt head · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 67 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 10 s, an average deceleration of 0.22 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 48 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 29 ft. Touched down 359 m in, 54 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 590 fpm at the flare to 300 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,797 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 5.7 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 6.1 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 359 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 299 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
Reichelsheim Airfield (EDFB) served as the departure point for the Bonanza G36, which taxi-ed from the parking area to runway 36 in less than one minute, covering a distance of less than 1 nm. The takeoff roll measured 504 m, representing 39 % of the available runway, and the aircraft achieved liftoff speed of 74 kt. At departure, the temperature was 32 °C, with a wind of 10 kt from 61°, producing a crosswind of 9 kt and a headwind of 4 kt.
During the climb phase, the aircraft ascended from 737 ft to 2,116 ft, an increase of 1,379 ft over 3 minutes while covering 7 nm. The cruise segment began over Nidderau, lasting 6 minutes and covering 18 nm. Descent commenced over Kriftel, with the aircraft descending from 1,401 ft to 423 ft, a decrease of 978 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm. A go-around was executed on runway 07L at Frankfurt Airport (EDDF) at 87 ft AGL.
The final approach to runway 07L at Frankfurt Airport was conducted from the southwest, heading 69.0°, at 1 nm and 183 ft AGL. Landing occurred on a runway 2,797 m long, with a touchdown speed of 74 kt and a touchdown distance of 358 m. The touchdown rate was smooth at minus 123 fpm, and the touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.1 m from the centreline. The total landing distance was 565 m, representing 20 % of the runway. The overall flight covered 32 nm, took 13 minutes, and consumed 9 kg of fuel.
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