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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Ease back pressure in smoothly as you approach 73 kt, holding a steady rotation rate rather than snatching the controls.
What happened: On the takeoff roll the aircraft bounced before becoming fully airborne.
Watch for: Attitude indicator: a smooth, continuous pitch-up through liftoff with no secondary bounce.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Keep the back pressure coming through the flare so the sink does not return at 182 fpm.
What happened: The flare arrested the sink, but then the sink returned before touchdown.
Watch for: Watch the VSI in the flare and keep arrested sink from returning before touchdown at 0 fpm.
See Arrival Landing
Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 21 stages, 18 in the score
The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 63 kt with 8.0° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 768 ft.
Reached 35 ft 90 m past the runway end; then climbing at 840 fpm on average to 768 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,989 m runway.
Rolled from 2,607 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 3.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.4 m left. Airborne 72 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.
At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 2.2 nm, then not again: slow from 1.1 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 210 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 2.2 nm, then drifted 87 m left between 2.2 and 0.8 nm, then inside the band from 0.8 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 43 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 1.1 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −15 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Very poor landing flare
No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 4° right of the track, wings level.
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 76 ft, 26 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 990 m in, 685 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From 75 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 110 fpm before coming down at 180 fpm to touch. The nose came up 6.3° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,989 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
Touched down 990 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking to the runway, which took 14 minutes and covered a distance of 3 nautical miles. The aircraft, a PA44 Seminole, then departed from runway 24 at ELLX Luxembourg-Findel International Airport. The takeoff distance was 309 meters, which accounted for 8% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 63 knots.
The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 17 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 12 knots at a direction of 60 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 0 knots and a tailwind of 12 knots. The aircraft began its enroute climb 1 mile south east of Kirchberg, Luxembourg, and ascended from an altitude of 2,015 feet above sea level to 4,078 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,063 feet in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 3 nautical miles.
The enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Kockelscheuer, Luxembourg, and lasted for 22 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles. The aircraft then began another enroute climb, this time overhead Bissen, Mersch, Luxembourg, and ascended from 4,469 feet above sea level to 8,831 feet above sea level, an increase of 4,362 feet in 6 minutes, covering a distance of 4 nautical miles.
The enroute descent started 1 mile south east of Ingeldorf, Luxembourg, and the aircraft descended from 8,822 feet above sea level to 3,179 feet above sea level, a decrease of 5,643 feet in 6 minutes, covering a distance of 13 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then started overhead Wecker, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg, and lasted for 2 minutes, covering a distance of 3 nautical miles.
The final approach to runway 24 at ELLX Luxembourg-Findel International Airport was made from the north east, heading 240.0 degrees at a distance of 4 nautical miles and an altitude of 1,306 feet above ground level. The landing on runway 24 was successful, with the touchdown point being 552 meters beyond the touchdown zone. The touchdown speed was 63 knots, which was good, and the touchdown rate was smooth at -121 feet per minute.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 17 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 13 knots at a direction of 40 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 4 knots and a tailwind of 12 knots. The total landing distance was 2,011 meters, which accounted for 50% of the runway length. However, the runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 3,199.2 meters from the centerline.
The taxiing period from the runway to the parking took less than 1 minute and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 43 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 35 minutes. The aircraft used 31 kilograms of fuel during the flight.
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