Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Roll the downwind turn with smaller, coordinated aileron and rudder inputs so you roll out on the base heading without needing a correction.
What happened: The downwind turn was flown with 28° of bank, well beyond a normal turn, and base leg then carried a heading error of 13°. An overbanked turn like this usually rolls out short of the extended centreline, leaving that heading correction to be worked out on base.
Watch for: Attitude indicator: hold a standard, moderate bank angle through the downwind turn.
Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.
Read more in Pattern WorkStart to finish · 13 stages, 12 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 49 kt, 8 kt below the 57 kt target, and lifted off at 53 kt 0.6 s later, the nose coming up at 1.3° a second.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 660 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,694 m of runway left; then climbing at 720 fpm on average to 660 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 2,614 m runway.
Rolled from 566 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 2.8 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.8 m left. Airborne 24 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.1 nm out at 108 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Off heading: 13° from the leg's heading on average.
Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.
Read more in Pattern WorkGood: full marks on the turn.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 2.8° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 140 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 2.8° here, which is about 300 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 1.6 nm, never more than 123 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 27 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 16 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to 1.1 nm (up to +23 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Excellent landing flare. It lost 4.0 points, for the nose going up and down 5 times.
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 16 ft, 7 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 14 ft, 36 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 243 m in, 62 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 250 fpm at the flare to 100 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,614 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 243 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 152 departed runway 11 at MDST Cibao International Airport, achieving liftoff after a takeoff roll of 656 m, which represented 25 % of the available runway. The aircraft left the ground at 53 kt under calm conditions with a temperature of 15 °C, wind from 270 ° at 1 kt, no cross-wind and a 1 kt tail-wind component.
During the approach the pilot entered a left-hand pattern on runway 11, completing the entry segment of less than 1 nm in 31 seconds followed by a left-hand crosswind segment of less than 1 nm in 21 seconds. The downwind turn covered 1 nm at an angle of 52.9 °, after which the downwind leg extended 3 nm in 124 seconds. The base turn spanned 2 nm at 39.4 °, and the base leg was less than 1 nm in 25 seconds. The final turn was also less than 1 nm and required 49 seconds. On final approach the aircraft descended from 645 ft agl to 28 ft agl in 81 seconds and met the stabilisation gates.
Landing was executed on runway 11, whose length is 2,614 m. The threshold speed was slightly below the target at 52 kt. Touchdown occurred 241 m from the threshold with a speed of 37 kt and a vertical speed of minus 92 fpm, and the aircraft aligned very well with the runway centreline. Weather conditions remained unchanged from departure, with a temperature of 15 °C, wind 1 kt from 270 °, no cross-wind and a 1 kt tail-wind.
The rollout phase was brief, with the aircraft maintaining the good alignment achieved at touchdown and decelerating safely after the 241 m touchdown point.
In total the flight covered 9 nm, took 6 (units as given) and consumed 1 kg of fuel.
Scroll or drag the slider to zoom · double-click to reset · hover for values