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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Maintain the centreline
See Departure Roll
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 77 kt with 3.0° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 184 m.
Reached 11 m with 589 m of runway left; then climbing at 4.7 m/s on average to 184 m.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 2,030 m runway.
Rolled from 877 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 5.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 5.1 m right. Airborne 63 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Right-hand, 305 m circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.3 nm out at 126 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 305 m, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Off heading: 13° from the leg's heading on average.
Spacing cues are relative to your eyepoint, so two simmers with different FOV settings following the same wingtip cue fly patterns half a mile different in width, and a wide FOV compresses depth so the runway on base looks further away than it is, biasing you towards a late turn. Pick a camera position and FOV, save it, and never change it, because every judgement you calibrate is calibrated to that picture.
Read more in Pattern WorkGood: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Overshot: went 2,035 m through the centreline turning final.
Overshooting final. A tailwind component on base sweeps you through the extended centreline, the instinctive correction is to steepen the bank and, when that's not enough, to skid the turn with rudder. In a real aircraft this is the base-to-final stall-spin scenario that kills people. The sim under-punishes it, because a spring yoke transmits no lightening of control force, there's no buffet through your hands, and no seat-of-the-pants sensation of the skid. You get the numbers of the skidded turn without the feel of it. The correct response is the same in both worlds and needs practising until it's reflexive. Don't steepen past 30 degrees, and if you've blown through the centreline, go around and reset.
Read more in Pattern WorkThe final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3.5° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 30 m above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.5° here, which is about 113 m for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 18 m. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 147 m left of the centreline at 1.6 nm, then drifted 39 m right between 0.9 and 0.5 nm, then inside the band from 0.5 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 305 m gate, closing to 48 at 152 m and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to 1.3 nm (up to +53 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 2° of bank.
Wind 270° at 2 kt · 2 kt head · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 14 m, close to the 15 m target. Touched down 325 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 24 m top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 15 m over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 3.9 m/s at 14 m to 2.2 m/s at touchdown. The nose came up 0.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −3 is 3 m a second down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,030 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 6.2 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 6.3 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 325 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.67 G arrival bounced 3 times.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, which took approximately 6 minutes and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft, a PA28 Arrow III, then departed from runway 26 at Exeter International Airport (EGTE). The takeoff distance was 411 meters, which is 20% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 77 knots.
The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 2 knots from a direction of 270 degrees. This resulted in a negligible crosswind and a headwind of 2 knots. The aircraft entered a right-hand pattern from runway 26, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile in just 11 seconds. The subsequent right-hand pattern crosswind leg was completed in 5 seconds, with a distance of less than 1 nautical mile.
The pilot then initiated a pattern downwind turn, which covered a distance of 1 nautical mile and involved a turn of 45 degrees at an angle of 39.3 degrees to the runway. The downwind leg itself was 2 nautical miles long and took 56 seconds to complete. The base leg turn, which covered a distance of 2 nautical miles, involved a turn of 45 degrees at an angle of 48.1 degrees to the runway. The base leg was completed in less than 1 nautical mile in 8 seconds.
The final turn, which covered a distance of 2 nautical miles, took 201 seconds to complete. The aircraft then began its final approach to runway 26 from the east, heading 264.0 degrees at an altitude of 463 feet above ground level and a distance of 1 nautical mile from the runway.
The landing on runway 26 was characterized by a threshold height that was considered good, but the threshold speed was too high at 86 knots. The touchdown point was 55 meters beyond the touchdown zone, and the touchdown speed was 82 knots, which was also considered too fast. The touchdown rate was hard at -432 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.3 meters from the centerline.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were similar to those at takeoff, with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 2 knots from a direction of 269 degrees. The total landing distance was 738 meters, which is 36% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was very good. The taxiing period from the runway to the parking area took approximately 2 minutes and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile.
The total flight distance was 11 nautical miles, and the flight took 12 minutes to complete. The aircraft used 5 kilograms of fuel during the flight.
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