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LIRU
Rome, Italy
Runway 34
Elevation52 ft asl
Weight943 kg
Fuel70 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

96.39 %
LIRU
Rome, Italy
Runway 34
Elevation52 ft asl
Weight943 kg
Fuel70 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
18 Oct 2026 0:08 5 nm Cessna 172
Departure Score
98.44 %
Pattern Score
95.54 %
Arrival Score
95.19 %

What went well

Touchdown 197 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 34 ft and 67 kt — both inside band
Straight touchdown — 1.40 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 299 fpm, −1.17 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 299 fpm−0.84
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.29
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.43 G at contact−0.04
Pattern Base Leg Turn — Angle to runway (45 degrees) 72.9 ° at 48 %, −0.74 points
Departure Roll — Rotation speed was 46 kt at 85 %, −0.51 points

Next time

Departure

Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 57 kt, then rotate.

What happened: You started the rotation at 46 kt, 11 kt before the 57 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 57 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Begin the flare with progressive back pressure and keep it coming until the sink is arrested, rather than flying it on flat.

What happened: The nose was barely raised in the flare and little of the sink was taken out, flying the aircraft onto the runway. This pattern usually carries through to a firm touchdown with a noticeable sink rate.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smoothly reducing sink through the normal flare band, not a steady rate into the runway.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 96.95Departure roll runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Takeoff distance 463 m 55 % of runway. Rotation speed was 46 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 269 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 463 m55 % of runway
85 % Rotation speed was 46 ktTarget 57 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.56 m left2.56 m left to 0.00 m left 1.11 2.56 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.01 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °1.8 ° min to max 5.5 ° 1.8 5.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.0 1.2 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Activated 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Climb 1 99.93Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 73 kt68 kt min to max 75 kt 68 75 kt
99.7 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 1.2 5.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.01 g min to max 1.10 g 1.01 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 609 fpm309 fpm min to max 896 fpm 309 896 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 36 ft agl 0 36 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.5 °5.1 ° min to max 12.7 ° 5.1 12.7 °
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 69 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 72 kt65 kt min to max 78 kt 74 78 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °0.2 ° min to max 17.8 ° 5.3 16.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 1.09 g
Info Average VSI 887 fpm-559 fpm min to max 1,374 fpm 905 -530 fpm
Info Average altitude 386 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 959 ft agl 43 916 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.0 °0.0 ° min to max 15.2 ° 12.8 0.6 °
Pattern Crosswind 95.21Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 22 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Heading 6.6 °-10.4 ° min to max 19.0 ° 19.0 -10.4 °
100 % Average speed 79 kt78 kt min to max 80 kt 78 79 kt
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.11 g 1.11 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -102 fpm-460 fpm min to max 57 fpm -460 -125 fpm
Info Average altitude 890 ft agl873 ft agl min to max 908 ft agl 908 873 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 5.2 °0.1 ° min to max 19.2 ° 16.7 19.2 °
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.2 ° min to max 4.2 ° 1.3 1.5 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 100.00Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 38.5 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 80 kt80 kt min to max 81 kt 80 81 kt
100 % Average bank angle 19.1 °17.7 ° min to max 19.9 ° 19.9 17.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.07 g min to max 1.09 g 1.07 1.09 g
Info Average VSI -172 fpm-205 fpm min to max -127 fpm -127 -143 fpm
Info Average altitude 858 ft agl844 ft agl min to max 871 ft agl 871 844 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °1.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.3 1.7 °
Pattern Downwind 92.75Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 1 nm in 47 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -4.9 °-17.6 ° min to max 17.3 ° 17.3 -17.6 °
76 % Average altitude 840 ft agl833 ft agl min to max 846 ft agl 842 846 ft agl
100 % Average speed 79 kt78 kt min to max 81 kt 81 78 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 3 fpm-107 fpm min to max 80 fpm -107 -41 fpm
Info Average bank angle 2.3 °0.2 ° min to max 17.0 ° 17.0 1.3 °
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °2.0 ° min to max 4.5 ° 2.0 3.5 °
Pattern Base Leg Turn 84.55Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 72.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
48 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 72.9 °.
100 % Average speed 78 kt72 kt min to max 80 kt 78 73 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.1 °0.0 ° min to max 21.6 ° 0.3 16.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.90 g
Info Average VSI 111 fpm-140 fpm min to max 386 fpm -50 -140 fpm
Info Average altitude 889 ft agl837 ft agl min to max 970 ft agl 845 969 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °1.3 ° min to max 6.9 ° 3.4 1.3 °
Pattern Base Leg 96.26Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 10 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Heading 6.2 °-10.3 ° min to max 16.6 ° 16.6 -10.3 °
100 % Average speed 82 kt74 kt min to max 88 kt 74 88 kt
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.12 g 0.91 1.12 g
Info Average VSI -849 fpm-1,024 fpm min to max -366 fpm -366 -828 fpm
Info Average altitude 896 ft agl816 ft agl min to max 965 ft agl 965 816 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 13.6 °8.6 ° min to max 21.5 ° 13.8 21.5 °
Info Average pitch angle -2.7 °-3.8 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -2.2 °
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 24 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 89 kt80 kt min to max 95 kt 88 80 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.8 °1.0 ° min to max 31.6 ° 22.5 6.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.93 g min to max 1.20 g 1.12 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -980 fpm-1,426 fpm min to max -692 fpm -767 -692 fpm
Info Average altitude 612 ft agl413 ft agl min to max 804 ft agl 804 413 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.5 °-7.6 ° min to max -1.9 ° -1.9 -4.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 630 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 459 ft agl · 92 kt
Arrival Landing 96.31Landing on runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport, runway length 837 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 67 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 67 kt. Target 58 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 45 ft agl
86 % The flare mostly held the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 3.5° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 197 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.59 m right1.40 m left to 2.59 m right -2.59 1.40 m
98 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.9 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.97 g min to max 1.11 g 1.09 1.01 g
Info Average speed 61 kt55 kt min to max 67 kt 67 55 kt
Info Average VSI -463 fpm-723 fpm min to max -349 fpm -723 -349 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl-11 ft agl min to max 34 ft agl 34 -11 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 4.2 ° -0.2 4.2 °
07515022501121324253Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 89.41Touchdown distance was good at 196 m. Touchdown speed at 55 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -299 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
50 % Touchdown rate was -299 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 197 mTarget 431 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 55 ktTarget below 58 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.41 m left1.40 m left 1.40 1.40 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.3 °
90 % Average g force 1.15 g1.01 g min to max 1.43 g 1.01 1.13 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 54 kt53 kt min to max 55 kt 55 53 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °4.2 ° min to max 5.6 ° 4.2 5.6 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 577 m, 69 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 577 m69 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.36 m left3.36 m left to 0.00 m left 1.37 2.79 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.11 g 1.11 1.00 g
Info Average speed 50 kt31 kt min to max 60 kt 60 31 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °0.9 ° min to max 5.9 ° 5.8 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.7 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 15 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 26 kt22 kt min to max 31 kt 31 22 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °1.8 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 95.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt0 kt min to max 29 kt 21 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 ktmax 6 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-0.5 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.1 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll463 m · 55 %
84.75Rotation speed46 kt · target 57, 11 slow
Liftoff speed68 kt
100.00Runway alignment2.56 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
99.93Rate of climb609 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height34 ft
100.00Threshold speed67 kt · target 58, 9 fast
100.00Centreline offset2.59 m R
Flare 85.99The flare mostly held the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 3.5° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 197 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
THR 34 ft 2.93 m R +9.0 kt

Touchdown on LIRU 34

Past threshold100.00
197m
Centreline100.00
1.41m L
Speed100.00
54kttarget 58 or less
Touchdown rate49.64
-299fpm
Impact89.71
1.43G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 837 m of the approach.

34 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 34 ft, down at 197 m

Plan view — the full 837 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 474 M 197 m past threshold CLEARED

The 197 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 561 m of 837 m · 67 %
Rollout distance100.00
365m67 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
3.36m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 172 departed from runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Take-off distance was 463 m, 55 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 46 kt. Local weather was 15 °C with wind 1 kt from 269°, giving a cross-wind of 1 kt and no head-wind.

Initial climb to 50 ft agl took 5 seconds, averaging 609 fpm, and the aircraft reached 75 kt at the top of the climb.

The left-hand circuit for runway 34 lasted 4 minutes. The downwind leg was 1 nm and was flown in 47 seconds at 840 ft agl; the base leg was less than 1 nm and was completed in 10 seconds.

During final approach to runway 34, descent was from 717 ft agl to 57 ft agl in 34 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on speed, wings level - all met; on glideslope and on centreline - not met.

Landing was on runway 34, whose length is 837 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was 67 kt, described as good. The flare was very good, with little round-out. Touchdown occurred at 55 kt, a good speed, and the touchdown distance was 196 m, also good. Touchdown rate was -299 fpm, rated fair. Runway-touchdown alignment was perfect and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 577 m, 69 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.

Taxiing from the runway to the parking area took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 6 nm in 8 minutes and used 0 kg of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport in the Cessna 172
98.44 %
96.95 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Takeoff distance 463 m 55 % of runway. Rotation speed was 46 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 269 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 463 m using 55.32 % of runway
Rotation Speed
84.75 %
Rotation speed was 46 kn - Target 57 kn
Alignment
100 %
2.56 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 35 0
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
6 3.5 1
0250500-15-10-5051015 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
99.93 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
99.73 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 9 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
900 400 -100
02505000714212835 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.010.010.020.030.0408.2917253341 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.010.010.020.030.04-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport in the Cessna 172
Landing Score 95.24 %
96.31 %
Landing
Landing on runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport, runway length 837 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 67 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was well above target at 67 kt. Target 58 kt
Flare
85.99 %
The flare mostly held the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 3.5° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 197 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
98.17 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
67 59 50
Pitch °
Info
5 2.5 0
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-352 -576 -800
07515022501121324253 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
89.41 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 196 m. Touchdown speed at 55 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -299 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
Touchdown
49.64 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -299 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 55 kt was good. Target below 58 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 196 m.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.4 °
G
89.71 %
G 1.15 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
100 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 577 m, 69 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 577 m using 68.94 % of runway
Alignment
100 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
53 37 20
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
6 3 0
0200400 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
95.05 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
1 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
Metrics
Metrics

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