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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Maintain the centreline
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 21 stages, 19 scored
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The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,411 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
The 432 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight in the Airbus A320 began with a smooth taxi from the parking area to the runway at RPVB Bacolod, which took only 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The departure roll on runway 03 was quick, with a takeoff distance of 1,044 meters, representing 52% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 137 knots under local weather conditions of 26°C with a light 2-knot wind coming from 209°, resulting in a minimal crosswind and a slight 2-knot tailwind.
Once airborne, the enroute climb began 1 mile northeast of Bacolod, ascending from 1,131 feet ASL to 32,665 feet ASL, totaling an increase of 31,534 feet over 19 minutes and covering 122 nautical miles. The level cruise phase commenced 1 mile west of Calatrava and lasted 7 minutes, spanning 52 nautical miles. The subsequent descent started 14 miles east of Naujan, dropping from 33,331 feet ASL to 6,186 feet ASL in 18 minutes over 78 nautical miles. Another brief level cruise occurred 11 miles west of Nasugbu for 2 minutes, covering 10 nautical miles, before the final descent commenced 15 miles northeast of Vigo. This descent saw the aircraft drop from 6,035 feet ASL to 1,804 feet ASL in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 10 nautical miles.
The landing took place on runway 06 at RPLL Ninoy Aquino Intl, which has a length of 3,411 meters. The aircraft was at a height of 61 feet AGL at the threshold, with a speed of 140 knots. The touchdown occurred 430 meters from the threshold at a speed of 137 knots, with a VSI of -546 feet per minute. The local weather at the time consisted of a temperature of 29°C and a 6-knot wind coming from 10°, resulting in a 5-knot crosswind and a 4-knot headwind. The total landing distance covered was 1,129 meters, representing 33% of the runway length.
After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area, which took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The entire flight covered a distance of 320 nautical miles, took a total of 83 minutes, and consumed 3,096 kilograms of fuel.
Let's break down the various factors that contributed to the aircraft landing score of 81.5% and discuss how improvements can be made in each phase of the landing process.
Firstly, in the Approach Phase, the poor descent path above the glideslope limit indicates that the aircraft was not descending at the correct angle. This could be a result of incorrect speed or altitude control during the approach. To improve this, the pilots should ensure they are following the designated approach profile accurately, making adjustments as needed to stay on the correct descent path.
Moving on to the Landing Phase, the fact that the threshold height was above target suggests that the aircraft was too high when approaching the runway. This can lead to a harder landing as the aircraft has a shorter distance to descend before touchdown. Additionally, the very poor landing flare indicates that the pilots did not execute the proper technique for a smooth touchdown. Working on timing and coordination during the flare will help in achieving a softer landing.
In the Touchdown Phase, several factors contributed to the overall score. The heavy touchdown rate indicates that the aircraft made a hard impact upon landing, which can be damaging to the aircraft and uncomfortable for passengers. The speed being slightly above target may have contributed to this, as higher speeds can result in a firmer touchdown. Additionally, the touchdown distance inside the touchdown zone and the runway touchdown position being off-center suggest that the pilots were not able to land the aircraft precisely where intended. Practicing touchdown accuracy and control can help in improving these aspects.
Lastly, in the Rollout Phase, the runway alignment being off-center by 27.5m indicates that the aircraft did not maintain a straight path down the runway after touchdown. This could be due to uneven braking or steering inputs. Ensuring smooth and consistent control inputs during the rollout will help in keeping the aircraft aligned with the runway centerline.
Overall, there are multiple areas in which improvements can be made to increase the landing score. By focusing on precise approach and descent control, executing proper landing techniques, and maintaining accuracy during touchdown and rollout, pilots can work towards achieving a higher score and ensuring safer landings in the future.
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