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KLGA
New York, United States
Runway 31
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight703 kg
Fuel28 kg
Wind300° · 33 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

79.16 %
CGAS
New York, United States
Runway 20
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight698 kg
Fuel24 kg
Wind301° · 22 kn · 20 kn cross
14 Oct 2024 0:17 11 nm DV20 5 kg
Departure Score
93.40 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
44.08 %

What went well

Touched down at -116 fpm — a soft arrival
1.39 G at touchdown — inside band
Airborne in 117 m — 5 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kn at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −13.45 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 909 m at 51 %, Runway alignment max 15.51 m at 55 %, −5.18 points
Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 14.5 ° at 67 %, Heading variation -2.6 ° at 75 %, −1.60 points

Next time

Keep the approach speed on target

See Arrival Landing

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 7 stages, 6 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 98.40Departure roll runway 31 at KLGA Laguardia. Takeoff distance 117 m 5 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 54 kn. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 33 kn at 300 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 33 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 117 m5 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 54 knTarget 48 kn
92 % Runway alignment max 5.25 m5.25 m left to 0.00 m left 0.51 5.25 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 1.01 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-0.9 ° min to max 3.5 ° -0.5 3.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.2 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 30 kt
Departure Climb 1 96.23Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 31 KLGA Laguardia.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Heading variation -1.7 °-2.0 ° min to max -1.5 ° -1.5 -2.0 °
100 % Average speed 62 kn54 kn min to max 67 kn 54 66 kn
96 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 0.2 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.01 g min to max 1.17 g 1.01 1.13 g
Info Average VSI 665 ft/m349 ft/m min to max 1,017 ft/m 349 1,017 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 51 ft agl 1 51 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °3.5 ° min to max 13.8 ° 3.5 13.8 °
Departure Climb 2 85.56Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 31 KLGA Laguardia.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
75 % Heading variation -2.6 °-4.0 ° min to max -2.0 ° -2.0 -4.0 °
100 % Average speed 61 kn46 kn min to max 70 kn 66 50 kn
67 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 14.5 ° 1.4 14.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.76 g min to max 1.32 g 1.13 0.80 g
Info Average VSI 1,094 ft/m-459 ft/m min to max 1,757 ft/m 1,033 518 ft/m
Info Average altitude 131 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 52 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.7 °-1.9 ° min to max 21.4 ° 13.9 3.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 90 ft agl · 66 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead East Elmhurst (New York, United States) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 380 ft asl340 ft asl min to max 460 ft asl 391 460 ft asl
100 % Average speed 73 kn54 kn min to max 84 kn 54 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.0 °2.1 ° min to max 18.1 ° 17.3 4.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.78 g min to max 1.23 g 0.85 0.88 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °-4.4 ° min to max 9.9 ° -0.0 4.8 °
Arrival 57.71Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead East Elmhurst (New York, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 100 kn69 kn min to max 129 kn 78 84 kn
0 % Average bank angle 7.1 °0.0 ° min to max 54.6 ° 5.5 2.3 °
89 % Average g force 1.03 g0.10 g min to max 1.87 g 1.00 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -24 ft/m-2,299 ft/m min to max 2,714 ft/m 623 -959 ft/m
Info Average altitude 867 ft asl69 ft asl min to max 1,660 ft asl 470 111 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-12.6 ° min to max 18.8 ° 4.2 -4.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 923 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 925 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 961 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 969 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 1,118 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1,118 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 1,118 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 1,118 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 1,245 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,245 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1,245 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1,245 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,245 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 1,211 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1,211 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 1,211 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 1,211 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 1,211 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 1,277 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,277 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1,277 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1,277 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,277 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 797 ft agl · 83 kt
Arrival Landing 19.27Landing on runway 20 at CGAS Brooklyn CGAS, runway length 1,549 m. Threshold height at 91 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kn. Target 55 kn
0 % Landing and flare profile
6 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° -0.0 2.8 °
86 % Average bank angle 3.6 °0.0 ° min to max 9.8 ° 3.8 3.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.67 g min to max 1.33 g 1.06 0.68 g
Info Average speed 78 kn56 kn min to max 87 kn 84 56 kn
Info Average VSI -428 ft/m-935 ft/m min to max -82 ft/m -935 -104 ft/m
Info Average altitude 40 ft agl3 ft agl min to max 91 ft agl 91 3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-4.6 ° min to max 1.9 ° -4.3 -3.8 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,42501835537189Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,425-40-32-24-16-80816243240Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 68.89Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 56 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -104 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 15.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 22 kn at 300 °. Crosswind: 20 kn Tailwind: 10 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.8 % Touchdown VSI was -104 ft/m.
51 % Touchdown distance was 909 mTarget 457 m
58 % Speed at touchdown 56 knTarget 44 kn
55 % Runway alignment max 15.51 m14.78 m left 15.51 14.00 m
84 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.4 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.2 2.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.18 g0.68 g min to max 1.39 g 0.68 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kn55 kn min to max 56 kn 56 55 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-3.8 ° min to max 2.1 ° -3.8 1.6 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 54 kt with 3.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030025°13°0°LIFTOFF3.3° off12° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0102030 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 28 kt -0.2° 0 s
Liftoff91 m 54 kt 3.3° 8.2 s
35 ft192 m · 5.3 s after liftoff 67 kt 12.0° 13.5 s
End of the climb568 m · 381 ft 50 kt 3.9° 36.8 s

Takeoff from KLGA 31

Takeoff roll100.00
117m5 %
Liftoff speed100.00
54kt
Runway alignment91.98
5.25m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb96.23
665fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 381 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,849 m of runway left; then climbing at 800 fpm on average to 381 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 54 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 2,131 m runway.

Rolled from 90 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 4.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.7 m left. Airborne 8 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 4.54 m LROLL 90 M INAirborne 181 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 181 m of 2,131 m · 8 %
Behind the start of the roll, 90 mTakeoff roll, 91 m Left ahead, 1,950 m

Landing and touchdown on CGAS 20

Over the threshold

Threshold height19.98
91ft
Threshold speed0.00
83kt
Centreline offset6.40
0.87m L

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
1,235m
Centreline54.56
15.51m L
Speed57.65
56kt
Touchdown rate99.85
-116fpm
Impact100.00
1.39G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 91 ft, 41 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,235 m in, 930 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

91 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −104 fpm · −3.8° nose down · 56 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 91 ft, down at 1,235 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 1,050 fpm at 108 ft to 100 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.7° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−1,000−2,000−6°2°10°touchdown−104 fpm at touchdown−3.8° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,549 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 14 m left of the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 1,235 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,235 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,235 m of 1,549 m · 80 %
In the air over the runway, 1,235 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 314 m

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