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KEWR
Newark, United States
Runway 22R
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight539,487 lbs
Fuel120,917 lbs
Wind260° · 5 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

99.17 %
KLAX
Los Angeles, United States
Runway 25L
Elevation125 ft asl
Weight448,990 lbs
Fuel29,782 lbs
Wind50° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
8 Nov 2026 4:56 2145 nm McDonnell Douglas MD-11 91,135 lbs
Departure Score
98.00 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.51 %

What went well

Touched down at -206 fpm — a soft arrival
Threshold crossed at 29 ft and 164 kt — both inside band
Straight touchdown — 11.6 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.67 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 1,985 ft at 84 %, −0.16 points

Next time

Arrival

Adjust your approach path so you touch down at the 1,500 ft aim point instead of beyond it.

What happened: Touchdown point came 485 ft past the target, landing at 1,985 ft against the 1,500 ft aim point. Landings that touch down this far beyond the aim point typically leave less runway available for stopping.

Watch for: Touchdown distance marker: 1,500 ft from the threshold.

See Arrival Touchdown

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 11 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 21 kt 0 4 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 16 ft agl
Info Engine 3 Started 16 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 16 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 16 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 16 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 16 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 4 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 22R at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport, Average speed was 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 6 kt4 kt min to max 7 kt 4 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 22R at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport. Takeoff distance 5,699 ft 60 % of runway. Rotation speed was 162 kt. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 5 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 5,699 ft60 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 162 ktTarget 160 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 5.3 ft left5.3 ft left to 3.9 ft right 5.0 2.5 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-0.3 ° min to max 7.5 ° -0.2 7.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 0.1 3.9 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 22R KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 178 kt174 kt min to max 182 kt 174 182 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 4.1 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 4.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.03 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 520 fpm135 fpm min to max 1,019 fpm 135 1,019 fpm
Info Average altitude 7 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 25 ft agl 0 25 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.6 °7.6 ° min to max 9.8 ° 7.6 9.8 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 22R KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.7 °
100 % Average speed 183 kt182 kt min to max 185 kt 182 185 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.01 g min to max 1.10 g 1.08 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,403 fpm1,028 fpm min to max 2,508 fpm 1,028 2,508 fpm
Info Average altitude 70 ft agl26 ft agl min to max 315 ft agl 26 315 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.8 °9.8 ° min to max 13.3 ° 9.8 13.3 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 255 ft agl · 185 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 292 ft agl · 185 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 22R KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 185 kt185 kt min to max 185 ktTarget 193 kt, 8 kt slow 185 185 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 7.6 °0.8 ° min to max 7.6 ° 1.0 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.96 g
100 % Landing gear up at 199 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -1.1 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -1.6 °
Info Average VSI 2,823 fpm2,595 fpm min to max 2,917 fpm 2,595 2,850 fpm
Info Average altitude 618 ft agl352 ft agl min to max 917 ft agl 352 917 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.0 °13.6 ° min to max 14.2 ° 13.6 13.8 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile east of Elizabeth (New Jersey, United States). Climbing from 999 ft asl to 33,372 ft asl, an increase of 32,373 ft in 17 minutes and covering 102 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 270 kt176 kt min to max 309 kt 185 286 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 25.3 °0.0 ° min to max 25.3 ° 1.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.75 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,740 fpm454 fpm min to max 3,844 fpm 2,867 1,191 fpm
Info Average altitude 14,973 ft asl999 ft asl min to max 33,372 ft asl 999 33,372 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °3.5 ° min to max 14.7 ° 14.3 4.4 °
Info Turn coordination 1-18 min to max 20 -8 -3

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,383 ft agl · 181 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5,061 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 10,152 ft agl · 299 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Rehrersburg (Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 211 minutes, covering 1,651 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,180 ft of 33,998 ft asl33,591 ft asl min to max 34,019 ft asl 33,591 33,992 ft asl
100 % Average speed 292 kt283 kt min to max 299 kt 284 295 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 15.1 °0.0 ° min to max 15.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-13 min to max 16 0 2
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.2 ° min to max 4.4 ° 4.4 2.5 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 6 miles west of Tonalea (Arizona, United States). Climbing from 33,998 ft asl to 35,301 ft asl, an increase of 1,302 ft in 2 minutes and covering 13 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 292 kt289 kt min to max 296 kt 295 289 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 859 fpm-12 fpm min to max 1,509 fpm -12 1,509 fpm
Info Average altitude 34,527 ft asl33,998 ft asl min to max 35,301 ft asl 33,998 35,301 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °2.4 ° min to max 4.3 ° 2.4 4.3 °
Info Turn coordination 0-6 min to max 2 -2 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 8 miles north west of Tuba City (Arizona, United States) and lasted 32 minutes, covering 255 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,277 ft of 35,995 ft asl35,550 ft asl min to max 36,012 ft asl 35,550 35,998 ft asl
100 % Average speed 282 kt280 kt min to max 290 kt 290 280 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 4.8 °0.0 ° min to max 4.8 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-21 min to max 11 0 -6
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.6 ° min to max 4.3 ° 4.3 2.7 °
Enroute Descent 99.99Enroute descent started 11 miles south of 5CA4 Ludlow Airport Barstow (California, United States). Descent from 36,005 ft asl to 1,255 ft asl, a decrease of 34,750 ft in 19 minutes and covering 113 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 256 kt194 kt min to max 293 kt 280 194 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 15.4 °0.0 ° min to max 15.4 ° 0.2 1.5 °
99.9 % Average g force 1.00 g0.63 g min to max 1.26 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,871 fpm-3,529 fpm min to max 24 fpm -18 -1,225 fpm
Info Average altitude 15,122 ft asl1,255 ft asl min to max 36,005 ft asl 36,005 1,255 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-3.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 2.7 0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 1-12 min to max 18 3 -1

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,375 ft agl · 294 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 7,303 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 4,345 ft agl · 268 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,084 ft agl · 259 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,958 ft agl · 250 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,879 ft agl · 242 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,809 ft agl · 235 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,773 ft agl · 232 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 25L at KLAX Los Angeles International Airport. Descent from 1,168 ft agl to 23 ft agl in 79 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 751 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 917 ft agl · 193 kt
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 25L at KLAX Los Angeles International Airport, runway length 11,080 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 164 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 164 kt. Target 158 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 14.5 ft left14.5 ft left to 12.8 ft left 13.7 12.8 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 1.1 °
100 % Peak g force 1.06 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average speed 161 kt155 kt min to max 164 kt 164 155 kt
Info Average VSI -302 fpm-549 fpm min to max -178 fpm -549 -258 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl-11 ft agl min to max 30 ft agl 30 -11 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °4.7 ° min to max 6.5 ° 4.7 6.5 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Approach 751 ft agl · 176 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 36 ft agl · 167 kt
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,25001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,250-110-88-66-44-22022446688110Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 97.57Touchdown point was 606 ft beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 155 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -206 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 13 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 84 °F. Wind 4 kt at 359 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -206 fpm.
84 % Touchdown distance was 1,985 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 155 ktTarget below 155 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 12.8 ft left12.3 ft left 12.8 11.6 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.1 °0.5 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 0.5 °
100 % Peak g force 1.20 g0.99 g min to max 1.20 g 0.99 1.16 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 155 kt154 kt min to max 155 kt 155 154 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.5 °6.4 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.5 6.4 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 6,669 ft, 60 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 6,669 ft60 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 4.3 ft left4.3 ft left to 1.4 ft right 2.6 3.6 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.15 g 1.15 0.98 g
Info Average speed 122 kt81 kt min to max 161 kt 161 81 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 6.4 ° 6.4 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.5 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 46 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 49 kt12 kt min to max 81 kt 81 12 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 -0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 16 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 16 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 11 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 5 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt2 kt min to max 21 kt 13 2 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.4 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 9 kt

Takeoff from KEWR 22R

Taxi out

Lights50.00
Offtaxi
Taxi speed100.00
21kt peak

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
5,699ft60 %
Runway alignment100.00
5.3ft L
Rotation speed100.00
162kttarget 160, 2 late

A slow rotation

The nose came up at 162 kt against the 160 kt rotate speed, and rose at 1.6° a second, slower than the 2 to 3 airliners use.

The rotation started on speed but the nose came up slowly. Make it one positive, continuous pull at the normal rate for this aircraft, rather than easing the nose up in steps.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
173ktat 7.6°
Rotation
1.6°/sover 4.2 s, gaining 11 kt
35 ft
182ktat 10.1°, 4.9 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
4.1°steepest
Gear up100.00
199ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
185kttarget 193

Plan view the roll down the 9,559 ft runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 6 ft at the widest, and lifted off 3 ft left. Airborne 59 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

2,0004,0006,0008,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 5.6 ft LAirborne 5,713 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 5,713 ft of 9,559 ft · 60 %
Takeoff roll, 5,713 ft Left ahead, 3,846 ft

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 917 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,380 ft of runway left; gear up at 199 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,040 fpm on average to 917 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3185 kt avgtarget 193THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 1,158 ft · 4.2 sRotate 162 kttarget 160Liftoff 173 ktGear up 199 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 193210 kt14070020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 1,158 ft · 4.2 sROTATELIFTOFFGEAR UPtarget 160held 11.8°7.6° off · 1.6°/s10° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude heldClimb 3

Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.

How to read this

The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 9.5°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.

20°10°0°3°/s2°/sTAIL STRIKE 9.5°ROTATELIFTOFF35 FT7.6° off · 1.6°/s10° at 35 ftROTATION DETAIL-2-10+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10 sseconds from rotation
PitchRotation began2 to 3°/s from rotationTail strikeNose up, wheels on the runway

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate980 fpm740 fpm
On glideslope2.6°2.7°
On centreline0.2° off0.3° off
On speed+15 kt+7.1 kt
Wings level0° bank1° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KLAX 25L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 170 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,1755553091541,000 ft gate7 of 7892 ft · 173 kt500 ft gate7 of 7471 ft · 165 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 12× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 100 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR260 ft L0260 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND2 ft L78 ft L9 ft L10 ft L53 ft L40 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 40 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 24 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +6 kt and +40 kt on the approach speed of 158 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

160180200220 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 158+40 kt+6 kt+7 kt+6 kt+6 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KLAX 25L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
29ft
Threshold speed100.00
164kttarget 158, 6 fast
Centreline offset100.00
14.5ft L
Bank100.00
1.1°steepest
Flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

Touchdown

Past threshold83.82
1,985ft
Centreline100.00
12.8ft L
Speed100.00
155kttarget 155 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-206fpm
Impact100.00
1.20G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
1.1°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
4,558ft59 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
4.3ft L

Taxi in

LightsOk
All set
Taxi speed100.00
21kt peak

Side view — the last 6,943 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 29 ft, 21 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 22 ft. Touched down 1,985 ft in, 985 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 6,943 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

29 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 22 ft · −370 fpm · 5.2° · 164 ktdescent slowed at 5 ft · −148 fpm · 6.2°−205 fpm · 6.5° nose up · 155 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 29 ft, down at 1,985 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 370 fpm at the flare to 200 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.3° on the way down. Into the flare at 164 kt, 6 kt over the 158 kt approach speed, and 155 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−205 fpm at touchdown6.5° at touchdown, +1.3° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 6,943 ft of the 11,080 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 12 ft left of the centreline, and steered back to 4 ft left by the end of the rollout. Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 050° at 3 kt · 3 kt tail · 1 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 1 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,985 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,985 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 6,543 ft of 11,080 ft · 59 %
In the air over the runway, 1,985 ftRollout, 4,558 ft Left over, 4,537 ft

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 162 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 42 s, an average deceleration of 0.17 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012016060 kt · 5,330 ft30 kt · 6,354 fttouchdown6,609 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The MD-11 departed Newark Liberty International Airport (KEWR) on runway 22R. The take-off roll used 5,699 ft, about 60 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 160 kt. Local weather was 60 °F with a wind from 260° at 5 kt (crosswind 4 kt, headwind 3 kt).

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl lasted 25 seconds, averaging 1,886 fpm and reaching 185 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 999 ft asl to 33,372 ft asl in 17 minutes, covering 102 nm, beginning about 1 mile east of Elizabeth.

Cruise was level between 34,000 ft asl and 36,000 ft asl for 244 minutes, covering 1,919 nm, starting roughly 1 mile south-west of Rehrersburg.

Descent began from 36,005 ft asl to 1,255 ft asl in 19 minutes, covering 113 nm, with the descent start point 11 miles south of 5CA4 Ludlow Airport (Barstow).

On final approach to runway 25L at Los Angeles International Airport (KLAX), the aircraft descended from 1,168 ft agl to 23 ft agl in 79 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. Configuration on final was gear down at 1,958 ft agl and 250 kt; final flap position 6 was selected at 917 ft agl and 193 kt.

Landing occurred on runway 25L (runway length 11,080 ft). The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was 164 kt. The flare was described as perfect. Touchdown was 606 ft beyond the touchdown zone, at 155 kt, with a fair rate of -206 fpm. The touchdown point was slightly off centreline by 13 ft. Local weather was 84 °F with a wind from 359° at 4 kt (crosswind 3 kt, headwind 0 kt). No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 6,669 ft, about 60 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in 5 minutes, covering 1 nm. The overall flight covered 2,145 nm in 296 minutes and used 91,135 lb of fuel.

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