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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Reduce power earlier on final so threshold speed settles at 134 kt instead of carrying it into the flare.
What happened: You crossed the threshold at 145 kt, well above the 134 kt target speed, and that excess speed was still showing at touchdown. Crossing the threshold fast usually carries straight through to a fast touchdown.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator against 134 kt on short final.
Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.
Read more in How to Taxi AnywhereStart to finish · 21 stages, 19 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
The nose wandered in the climb
From 35 ft to the end of the climb the nose moved between 10.3° and 16.3°, and the speed between 157 kt and 160 kt.
Once clear of the runway the nose moved through a wide range, and the speed moved with it. Set the climb attitude, hold it and trim, and give the speed a few seconds to settle before correcting it with a degree or two of pitch. Chasing the airspeed with large pitch changes makes it wander more.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 2,914 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted right of the centreline, 8.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 6.5 m right. Airborne 52 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 816 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,067 m of runway left; gear up at 5 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,690 fpm on average to 816 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.
The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 40 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 26× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 14 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +11 kt and +12 kt on the approach speed of 134 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare mostly held the target profile
Crossing the threshold 12 kt above target, the flare began at 1 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 372 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 36 ft, 14 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 1 ft. Touched down 372 m in, 67 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink stayed between 170 fpm and 180 fpm from the flare to the runway. The pitch barely changed. Into the flare at 144 kt, 10 kt over the 134 kt approach speed, and 144 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,148 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 5 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 1.3 m left by the end of the rollout. Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 011° at 3 kt · 2 kt tail · 2 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 372 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 146 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 40 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The B772 departed from runway 22R at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport. The take-off roll used 1,527 m, 52 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 148 kt. Local weather was 13 °C with wind 5 kt from 311°, a 5 kt crosswind and a 1 kt tailwind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl lasted 27 seconds, averaging 1,521 fpm and reaching 160 kt at the top. The aircraft then climbed from 851 ft asl to 36,999 ft asl in 26 minutes, covering 192 nm, beginning 1 mile east of Elizabeth.
Cruise was level at 37,000 ft asl for 390 minutes, covering 3,507 nm, starting 1 mile north of Lynnfield.
Descent began from 36,932 ft asl to 5,002 ft asl in 31 minutes, covering 178 nm, starting 1 mile north-east of Bar-sur-Aube, with brief level-offs at 27,000 ft asl and 7,000 ft asl. A level segment at 5,000 ft asl followed for 9 minutes, covering 26 nm, starting 1 mile east of Wettingen. The final descent from 4,651 ft asl to 2,742 ft asl took 2 minutes over 6 nm, starting 2 miles south-east of Lauchringen.
On final approach to runway 14 at LSZH Zürich Airport, the aircraft descended from 1,391 ft agl to 72 ft agl in 99 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level.
Landing on runway 14 used a threshold speed of 146 kt, slightly above target. The flare was described as very good, though it started late. Touchdown occurred 372 m from the threshold at 144 kt, with a rate of -176 fpm. The touchdown point was 5.1 m off the centreline but no bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 1,280 m, 41 % of the 3,148 m runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
Local weather at LSZH was 9 °C with wind 1 kt from 344°, a 1 kt crosswind and a 1 kt tailwind. After landing, taxiing to the parking area took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm. The overall flight covered 3,919 nm in 477 minutes and consumed 53,351 kg of fuel.
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