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The flight in question was conducted in a TBM 930 aircraft, departing from Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport (KMSP) and landing at Hector International Airport (KFAR). The takeoff from runway 30L at KMSP was notable for its relatively short distance of 1,429 meters, which covered 47% of the runway. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 138 knots, despite a headwind of 9 knots and a crosswind of 5 knots.
Following takeoff, the aircraft began its enroute climb, which started 1 mile northeast of Richfield, Minnesota. The climb was steep, with the aircraft ascending from 1,655 feet above sea level to 17,187 feet in just 25 minutes, covering a distance of 88 nautical miles. The climb was followed by a brief level cruise, lasting only 2 minutes, as the aircraft flew 9 nautical miles north of Sauk Centre, Minnesota.
The enroute descent began 2 miles northeast of Osakis, Minnesota, and was characterized by a significant decrease in altitude, from 17,391 feet to 8,738 feet in just 16 minutes, covering 67 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered another level cruise, this time lasting 2 minutes, as it flew 8 nautical miles north of the Coot Landing Airport in Barnsville, Minnesota.
The final descent began 5 miles southwest of Hawley, Minnesota, and was marked by a steep drop in altitude, from 8,128 feet to 2,007 feet in just 8 minutes, covering 22 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered a final level cruise, lasting 3 minutes, as it flew 4 nautical miles north of West Fargo, North Dakota.
The final approach to runway 36 at KFAR was conducted from the south, with the aircraft heading 4.0° at 2 nautical miles and 724 feet above ground level. The landing was notable for its excessive touchdown speed of 112 knots and hard touchdown rate of -511 feet per minute. The touchdown point was 484 meters beyond the touchdown zone, and the runway touchdown alignment was very good.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of -6°C, a wind speed of 7 knots from 330°, and a crosswind of 3 knots and a headwind of 6 knots. The total landing distance was 1,391 meters, which covered 51% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 27.1 meters from the centerline.
The flight was completed with a taxiing time of 13 minutes and a fuel consumption of 265 kilograms. The total flight distance was 208 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 82 minutes.
Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 21 minutes and covered 4 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 10 kn 0 kn min to max 21 kn |
0 | 11 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average speed turning corners 6 kn max 6 kn |
0 | 0 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.01 g |
0.99 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.9 ° -1.7 ° min to max -0.1 ° |
-1.0 | -1.3 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° |
0.1 | 0.5 ° | |
| Info |
Battery Master On at 05:21:06 |
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| Info |
Engine 1 Started at 05:21:06 |
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| Info |
Landing Gear Down at 05:21:06 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake On at 05:21:06 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Flight Director Activated at 05:28:18 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated at 05:28:18 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated at 05:28:32 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated at 05:29:08 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 05:29:14 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched On at 05:30:29 |
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| Info |
Navigation Lights Switched On at 05:30:39 |
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| Info |
Strobe Lights Switched On at 05:30:39 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 05:31:48 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated at 05:40:31 |
Entering runway 30L at KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport, Average speed was 7 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 13 kn 0 kn min to max 21 kn |
11 | 12 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.0 ° -1.7 ° min to max -0.5 ° |
-1.3 | -1.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° |
0.5 | 0.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.01 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Parking Brake On at 05:48:27 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 05:50:13 |
Departure roll runway 30L at KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,429 m 47 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 138 kn. Local weather - Temperature -1 °C. Wind 10 kn at 330 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Takeoff distance 1,429 m 47 % of runway |
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| 0 % |
Liftoff speed was 138 kn Target 91 kn |
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| 87.34 % |
Runway alignment max 9.86 m 3.34 m left to 6.52 m right |
2.96 | -6.52 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.92 g min to max 1.20 g |
1.00 | 1.20 g | |
| 100 % |
Takeoff Bounce |
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| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.5 ° -1.8 ° min to max 4.0 ° |
-1.2 | 4.0 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° |
0.2 | 1.1 ° | |
| Info |
Landing Lights Switched On at 05:51:30 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched Off at 05:51:30 |
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 30L KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Heading variation 0.3 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° |
0.3 | 0.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 141 kn 138 kn min to max 142 kn |
138 | 142 kn | |
| 86.95 % |
Average bank angle 4.0 ° 0.9 ° min to max 7.0 ° |
1.3 | 0.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.13 g 1.03 g min to max 1.26 g |
1.23 | 1.03 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 817 fpm 469 fpm min to max 1,045 fpm |
469 | 1,045 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 24 ft agl 1 ft agl min to max 55 ft agl |
1 | 55 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 6.0 ° 4.1 ° min to max 6.9 ° |
4.1 | 6.9 ° |
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 30L KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.1 ° -0.7 ° min to max 0.2 ° |
0.2 | -0.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 149 kn 142 kn min to max 169 kn |
142 | 168 kn | |
| 82.95 % |
Average bank angle 3.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 8.5 ° |
0.5 | 3.0 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.93 g min to max 1.10 g |
1.03 | 1.05 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 977 fpm 316 fpm min to max 1,752 fpm |
1,055 | 1,752 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 135 ft agl 57 ft agl min to max 384 ft agl |
57 | 384 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 5.8 ° 2.8 ° min to max 7.7 ° |
6.8 | 7.7 ° | |
| Info |
Landing Gear Up at 05:53:04 |
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 30L KMSP Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.9 ° -1.6 ° min to max 0.9 ° |
-0.8 | 0.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 180 kn 167 kn min to max 191 kn |
168 | 191 kn | |
| 65.39 % |
Average bank angle 8.4 ° 0.2 ° min to max 15.2 ° |
3.4 | 7.5 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.90 g min to max 1.13 g |
1.01 | 1.03 g | |
| 100 % |
Landing gear up |
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| Info |
Average VSI 769 fpm 87 fpm min to max 1,886 fpm |
1,867 | 1,617 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 626 ft agl 416 ft agl min to max 795 ft agl |
416 | 795 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.3 ° 1.1 ° min to max 7.6 ° |
7.6 | 5.7 ° |
Enroute climb started 1 mile north east of Richfield (Minnesota, United States). Climbing from 1,655 ft asl to 17,187 ft asl, an increase of 15,532 ft in 25 minutes and covering 88 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 205 kn 184 kn min to max 214 kn |
190 | 208 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 6.5 ° 0.0 ° min to max 36.2 ° |
6.2 | 7.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.81 g min to max 1.11 g |
1.02 | 0.98 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 607 fpm -1,620 fpm min to max 2,163 fpm |
1,706 | 712 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 8,367 ft asl 1,655 ft asl min to max 17,353 ft asl |
1,655 | 17,187 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.0 ° -2.6 ° min to max 5.9 ° |
5.9 | 1.3 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 06:11:06 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated at 06:11:06 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 06:11:38 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated at 06:11:38 |
Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north of Sauk Centre (Minnesota, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 9 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average altitude 17,241 ft asl 17,180 ft asl min to max 17,418 ft asl |
17,196 | 17,353 ft asl | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 212 kn 207 kn min to max 220 kn |
208 | 217 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 5.8 ° 0.2 ° min to max 11.7 ° |
8.9 | 2.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.96 g min to max 1.04 g |
0.97 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.6 ° -1.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° |
1.0 | 1.1 ° |
Enroute descent started 2 miles north east of Osakis (Minnesota, United States). Descent from 17,391 ft asl to 8,738 ft asl, a decrease of 8,653 ft in 16 minutes and covering 67 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 227 kn 217 kn min to max 236 kn |
217 | 224 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 6.3 ° 0.1 ° min to max 28.4 ° |
3.1 | 5.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.90 g min to max 1.12 g |
0.96 | 1.01 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -594 fpm -1,882 fpm min to max 855 fpm |
-41 | -430 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 13,002 ft asl 8,738 ft asl min to max 17,391 ft asl |
17,391 | 8,738 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.1 ° -3.6 ° min to max 1.6 ° |
-0.0 | -0.6 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 |
Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of 4MN2 Coot Landing Airport Barnsville (Minnesota, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 8 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average altitude 8,503 ft asl 8,178 ft asl min to max 8,732 ft asl |
8,732 | 8,178 ft asl | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 224 kn 220 kn min to max 225 kn |
224 | 220 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 6.8 ° 0.0 ° min to max 12.9 ° |
6.1 | 0.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.95 g min to max 1.04 g |
1.02 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.5 ° -1.9 ° min to max 0.6 ° |
-0.5 | 0.1 ° |
Enroute descent started 5 miles south west of Hawley (Minnesota, United States). Descent from 8,128 ft asl to 2,007 ft asl, a decrease of 6,120 ft in 8 minutes and covering 22 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 193 kn 116 kn min to max 236 kn |
220 | 118 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 8.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 34.6 ° |
3.5 | 0.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.02 g 0.86 g min to max 1.26 g |
0.98 | 1.01 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -821 fpm -3,236 fpm min to max 1,494 fpm |
-504 | -621 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 3,912 ft asl 2,007 ft asl min to max 8,128 ft asl |
8,128 | 2,007 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -2.6 ° -10.7 ° min to max 3.9 ° |
-1.3 | -3.5 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 06:45:42 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 06:45:52 |
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| Info |
Landing Gear Down at 06:46:16 |
Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of West Fargo (North Dakota, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 4 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average altitude 2,092 ft asl 1,640 ft asl min to max 2,295 ft asl |
1,997 | 1,640 ft asl | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 101 kn 81 kn min to max 119 kn |
119 | 108 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 5.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 29.7 ° |
1.4 | 0.6 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.85 g min to max 1.30 g |
1.01 | 0.97 g | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.2 ° -5.8 ° min to max 7.6 ° |
-3.5 | -5.2 ° |
Approaching runway 36 at KFAR Hector International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 724 ft agl to 237 ft agl. A decrease of 486 ft in 32 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Approach angle 3.1 ° 2.2 ° min to max 3.6 ° Target 3.0 ° |
3.6 | 2.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 107 kn 106 kn min to max 108 kn |
108 | 107 kn | |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.6 ° -1.5 ° min to max 0.2 ° |
0.2 | -1.5 ° | |
| 97.11 % |
Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.1 ° min to max 4.1 ° |
2.0 | 0.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.97 g min to max 1.04 g |
1.00 | 1.04 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -889 fpm -1,011 fpm min to max -757 fpm |
-1,011 | -810 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 486 ft agl 237 ft agl min to max 724 ft agl |
724 | 237 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -4.3 ° -5.0 ° min to max -3.4 ° |
-4.7 | -3.4 ° |
Approaching runway 36 at KFAR Hector International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 225 ft agl to 73 ft agl. A decrease of 153 ft in 32 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 58.42 % |
Approach angle 3.7 ° 2.1 ° min to max 4.4 ° Target 3.0 ° |
2.2 | 4.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 106 kn 92 kn min to max 114 kn |
106 | 113 kn | |
| 79.6 % |
Heading variation -0.6 ° -1.0 ° min to max -0.4 ° |
-1.0 | -0.4 ° | |
| 97.12 % |
Average bank angle 1.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 4.3 ° |
1.4 | 0.8 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.08 g 0.91 g min to max 1.16 g |
1.05 | 1.10 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -520 fpm -997 fpm min to max 274 fpm |
-749 | -426 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 134 ft agl 73 ft agl min to max 228 ft agl |
225 | 73 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.4 ° -3.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° |
-3.0 | 1.8 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 06:51:35 |
Landing on runway 36 at KFAR Hector International Airport, runway length 2,744 m. Threshold height at 72 ft agl was well above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 113 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 43.01 % |
Threshold speed was excessively high at 113 kn. Target 85 kn |
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| 63.07 % |
Target 50 ft agl |
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| 0 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.2 ° -0.4 ° min to max 0.0 ° |
-0.4 | 0.0 ° | |
| 92.01 % |
Average bank angle 2.8 ° 0.1 ° min to max 5.3 ° |
0.8 | 4.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.99 g 0.90 g min to max 1.10 g |
1.10 | 0.93 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 118 kn 112 kn min to max 124 kn |
113 | 112 kn | |
| Info |
Average VSI -254 fpm -511 fpm min to max -85 fpm |
-413 | -511 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 38 ft agl 2 ft agl min to max 72 ft agl |
72 | 2 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.8 ° -1.6 ° min to max 1.8 ° |
1.8 | -1.6 ° |
Touchdown point was 484 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 112 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very hard at -511 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature -6 °C. Wind 7 kn at 330 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 6 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 85.83 % |
Touchdown VSI was -511 fpm. |
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| 50.67 % |
Touchdown distance was 908 m Target 457 m |
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| 0 % |
Speed at touchdown 112 kn Target 72 kn |
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| 100 % |
Runway alignment max 1.57 m 0.73 m left |
0.36 | 1.57 m | |
| 77.43 % |
Average bank angle 1.2 ° 0.2 ° min to max 4.1 ° |
4.1 | 0.4 ° | |
| 94.86 % |
Average g force 1.39 g 0.93 g min to max 1.68 g |
0.93 | 1.19 g | |
| 100 % |
Landing Bounce |
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| Info |
Average speed 112 kn 111 kn min to max 113 kn |
112 | 111 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.7 ° -1.6 ° min to max 1.0 ° |
-1.6 | 1.0 ° |
Total landing distance 1,391 m, 51 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 27.1 m from centreline.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Landing distance 1,391 m 51 % of runway. |
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| 12.34 % |
Runway alignment max 27.09 m 27.09 m left to 0.00 m left |
1.72 | 3.01 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.92 g min to max 1.17 g |
1.17 | 0.98 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 95 kn 53 kn min to max 102 kn |
102 | 53 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.0 ° -2.7 ° min to max 1.7 ° |
1.2 | -1.1 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° |
0.4 | 0.8 ° |
Exiting runway, average speed 40 kn
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 34 kn 18 kn min to max 50 kn |
50 | 19 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.1 ° -2.0 ° min to max -0.6 ° |
-1.0 | -1.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° |
0.5 | 0.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.97 g min to max 1.02 g |
0.99 | 1.00 g |
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 13 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 13 kn 0 kn min to max 23 kn |
19 | 0 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average speed turning corners 0 kn max 0 kn |
0 | 0 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.02 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.0 ° -1.9 ° min to max -0.4 ° |
-1.2 | -0.6 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° |
0.1 | 0.3 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 06:54:03 |
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| Info |
Landing Lights Switched Off at 06:54:49 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched On at 06:54:49 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake On at 07:02:25 |
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| Info |
Navigation Lights Switched Off at 07:03:09 |
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| Info |
Strobe Lights Switched Off at 07:03:10 |
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| Info |
Navigation Lights Switched On at 07:03:11 |
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| Info |
Strobe Lights Switched On at 07:03:11 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched Off at 07:03:12 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched On at 07:03:13 |
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| Info |
Landing Lights Switched On at 07:03:14 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched Off at 07:03:14 |
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| 100 % |
Landing Lights at 06:54:40 |
The TBM 930 aircraft successfully landed at KFAR Hector International Airport, but the landing was not without its issues. The final approach was initiated from the south, heading 4.0° at 2 nautical miles and 724 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft touched down on runway 36, which has a length of 2,744 meters.
However, the landing was not executed perfectly. The threshold height at 72 feet agl was significantly above the target, indicating that the aircraft was higher than desired when reaching the runway threshold. Furthermore, the threshold speed was excessively high at 113 knots, which is a critical factor in determining the safety and control of the aircraft during landing.
Upon touchdown, the aircraft's speed was 112 knots, which is also considered excessively fast. This excessive speed resulted in a very hard touchdown rate of -511 feet per minute (fpm), which can be stressful on the aircraft and its occupants. Despite these issues, the runway touchdown alignment was very good, indicating that the aircraft was properly aligned with the runway.
The local weather conditions at the time of the landing were cold, with a temperature of -6°C, and a moderate wind of 7 knots from 330°. The crosswind component was minimal at 3 knots, while the headwind component was 6 knots. These conditions were relatively favorable for landing.
The total landing distance was 1,391 meters, which is 51% of the runway length. This is a relatively long landing distance, indicating that the aircraft may have been slowed down too quickly or that the pilot may have been too aggressive in the flare. The runway rollout alignment was also misaligned by 27.1 meters from the centerline, which is a minor issue but still requires attention.
Overall, while the TBM 930 aircraft successfully landed at KFAR Hector International Airport, there were several areas for improvement in the landing technique. The pilot should focus on achieving a more optimal threshold height, speed, and touchdown rate to ensure a smoother and safer landing.
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