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EDLH
Hamm, Germany
Runway 24
Elevation187 ft asl
Weight973 kg
Fuel60 kg
Wind212° · 12 kn · 5 kn cross

Flight Score

90.01 %
EDLH
Hamm, Germany
Runway 24
Elevation187 ft asl
Weight970 kg
Fuel58 kg
Wind210° · 11 kn · 5 kn cross
26 Oct 2026 0:09 10 nm Cessna 172 3 kg
Departure Score
96.41 %
Pattern Score
99.05 %
Arrival Score
74.58 %

What went well

Rotated at 60 kt — on the 64 kt rotation target
Airborne in 468 m — 75 % of the runway
Held the centreline on the roll — 5.18 m off at liftoff

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was good at 56 kt at 0 %, Touched down 119 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air at 0 %, −4.50 points
Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 926 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 10.61 m left at 76 %, −1.98 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Strobe Lights at 0 %, −1.20 points

Next time

Arrival

Add power on short final to hold speed at 58 kt, correcting the slow threshold speed before it carries through to the flare.

What happened: Threshold speed was slow at 56 kt against 58 kt, and touchdown followed short of the aim point at 119 m. Crossing the threshold slow like this usually carries the touchdown short.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against 58 kt on short final.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 89.22Departure roll runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Takeoff distance 468 m 75 % of runway. Rotation speed was 60 kt. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 12 kt at 211 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 468 m75 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 60 ktTarget 64 kt
96 % Runway alignment max 5.28 m right1.79 m left to 5.28 m right 1.00 -5.18 m
99.8 % Average g force 0.99 g0.76 g min to max 1.20 g 0.98 1.14 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -4.0 °-10.4 ° min to max -2.3 ° -4.2 -10.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 0.2 3.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.6 °0.5 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.5 °
100 % Average speed 68 kt64 kt min to max 71 kt 64 71 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.2 ° min to max 4.2 ° 3.3 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.96 g min to max 1.17 g 1.16 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 712 fpm459 fpm min to max 991 fpm 459 991 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 0 35 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -11.2 °-13.6 ° min to max -8.8 ° -10.0 -13.4 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 73 kt70 kt min to max 77 kt 70 77 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.6 3.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.86 g min to max 1.12 g 0.99 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 709 fpm-68 fpm min to max 974 fpm 966 -68 fpm
Info Average altitude 592 ft agl344 ft agl min to max 777 ft agl 344 777 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -9.4 °-12.9 ° min to max -2.5 ° -12.6 -2.5 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights On 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Navigation Lights On 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Beacon Lights On 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Strobe Lights On 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Landing Lights On 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 339 ft agl · 70 kt
Pattern Entry 100.00Right hand pattern entry from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Distance was less than 1 nm in 12 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 81 kt79 kt min to max 82 kt 79 82 kt
100 % Average bank angle 19.3 °6.6 ° min to max 28.0 ° 6.6 24.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.95 g min to max 1.17 g 1.15 1.14 g
Info Average VSI 201 fpm-104 fpm min to max 455 fpm -104 242 fpm
Info Average altitude 795 ft agl775 ft agl min to max 821 ft agl 775 821 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.9 °-6.8 ° min to max -3.7 ° -3.7 -5.4 °
Pattern Crosswind 93.32Right hand pattern crosswind from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Distance was 1 nm in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
85 % Heading 7.2 °-7.3 ° min to max 20.7 ° -7.3 20.7 °
100 % Average speed 87 kt82 kt min to max 91 kt 82 91 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.12 g 1.06 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 170 fpm-76 fpm min to max 444 fpm 299 142 fpm
Info Average altitude 880 ft agl825 ft agl min to max 946 ft agl 825 946 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 4.8 °0.0 ° min to max 21.3 ° 21.3 17.4 °
Info Average pitch angle -3.4 °-5.5 ° min to max -1.9 ° -5.5 -1.9 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 100.00Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 56.6 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 92 kt91 kt min to max 93 kt 91 93 kt
100 % Average bank angle 23.2 °19.4 ° min to max 26.0 ° 19.4 24.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.00 g min to max 1.18 g 1.05 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 16 fpm-93 fpm min to max 160 fpm -9 -93 fpm
Info Average altitude 949 ft agl946 ft agl min to max 953 ft agl 948 952 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-3.1 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -0.9 °
Pattern Downwind 100.00Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 3 nm in 106 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -1.3 °-16.5 ° min to max 10.3 ° -16.5 10.3 °
100 % Average altitude 970 ft agl941 ft agl min to max 989 ft agl 950 945 ft agl
100 % Average speed 95 kt74 kt min to max 98 kt 94 74 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.15 g 1.14 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -3 fpm-199 fpm min to max 286 fpm -122 -45 fpm
Info Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 23.6 ° 23.6 13.4 °
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-4.7 ° min to max -0.4 ° -1.8 -4.7 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 818 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 818 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 818 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 818 ft agl · 84 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 100.00Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 3 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 32.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 32.9 °.
100 % Average speed 71 kt71 kt min to max 73 kt 73 71 kt
100 % Average bank angle 17.7 °14.4 ° min to max 20.2 ° 14.4 18.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.97 g min to max 1.15 g 1.02 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -222 fpm-434 fpm min to max 8 fpm 8 -305 fpm
Info Average altitude 933 ft agl908 ft agl min to max 945 ft agl 945 908 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.7 °-4.0 ° min to max -1.6 ° -4.0 -3.0 °
Pattern Base Leg 100.00Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 30 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -3.7 °-25.8 ° min to max 11.1 ° -25.8 11.1 °
100 % Average speed 72 kt70 kt min to max 76 kt 71 75 kt
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.12 g 1.08 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -213 fpm-312 fpm min to max 94 fpm -212 94 fpm
Info Average altitude 852 ft agl794 ft agl min to max 907 ft agl 907 794 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 4.6 °1.1 ° min to max 17.3 ° 17.3 1.1 °
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-3.4 ° min to max -1.3 ° -3.2 -3.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 723 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 723 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 723 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 723 ft agl · 76 kt
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was 1 nm in 68 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 71 kt65 kt min to max 75 kt 75 65 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.6 °0.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 1.1 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.08 g 1.02 0.90 g
Info Average VSI -179 fpm-403 fpm min to max 144 fpm 140 27 fpm
Info Average altitude 697 ft agl587 ft agl min to max 802 ft agl 796 587 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-3.8 ° min to max 0.1 ° -2.9 -3.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Arrival Approach Final approach to runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Descent from 816 ft agl to 224 ft agl in 124 seconds. Not scored on a circuit: the stabilisation gate is shown for reference.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On centrelinepassed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 528 ft agl · 68 kt
Arrival Landing 40.55Landing on runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield, runway length 628 m. Touched down 119 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air. Threshold speed was good at 56 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was good at 56 kt. Target 58 kt
0 % Touched down 119 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air.Target 34 ft agl
63 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare began at 2 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 119 m short of the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
99.9 % Runway alignment max 4.53 m left4.53 m left to 0.41 m left 2.61 4.42 m
98 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.3 ° 0.1 1.9 °
100 % Peak g force 1.10 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average speed 54 kt49 kt min to max 56 kt 56 49 kt
Info Average VSI -272 fpm-404 fpm min to max -196 fpm -404 -208 fpm
Info Average altitude 31 ft agl5 ft agl min to max 61 ft agl 61 5 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.3 °-9.6 ° min to max -2.4 ° -2.4 -9.6 °
07515022530037545052560067508.3517253342Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 81.57Touchdown was 119 m short of the threshold. Touchdown speed at 49 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -208 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 11 kt at 210 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 9 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
73 % Touchdown rate was -208 fpm.
34 % Touched down 119 m short of the thresholdTarget 362 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 49 ktTarget below 58 kt
94 % Runway alignment max 4.76 m left4.53 m left 4.42 4.65 m
96 % Average bank angle 2.2 °1.9 ° min to max 2.8 ° 1.9 2.2 °
57 % Peak g force 2.00 g0.73 g min to max 2.00 g 1.01 0.78 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 48 kt47 kt min to max 49 kt 49 47 kt
Info Average pitch angle -10.4 °-11.6 ° min to max -9.6 ° -9.6 -11.6 °
Arrival Rollout 76.20Total landing distance 926 m, 147 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 10.6 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Landing distance 926 m147 % of runway.
76 % Runway alignment max 10.61 m left10.61 m left to 0.00 m left 8.85 0.86 m
99.98 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.23 g 0.86 0.99 g
Info Average speed 39 kt30 kt min to max 47 kt 42 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle -4.3 °-14.0 ° min to max -2.4 ° -12.0 -4.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 2.2 1.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 50 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 50 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 50 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 50 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 10 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 10 kt3 kt min to max 30 kt 30 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle -4.5 °-5.7 ° min to max -2.4 ° -4.3 -5.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.0 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Strobe Lights Off  · 8 kt
Info Landing Lights Off  · 8 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 4 kt0 kt min to max 9 kt 9 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 5 ktmax 6 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -5.5 °-6.3 ° min to max -4.7 ° -6.3 -5.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.3 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 60 kt, 4 kt below the 64 kt target, and lifted off at 64 kt 1.8 s later, the nose coming up at 3.8° a second.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.

90 kt6030020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 6410.0° off · 3.8°/s13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation began

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 32 kt 4.2° 0 s
Rotate196 m · target 64 60 kt 3.4° 8.8 s
Liftoff245 m · +4 kt from rotation 64 kt 10.0° 10.6 s
35 ft371 m · 4.1 s after liftoff 71 kt 13.4° 14.7 s
End of the climb2,092 m · 778 ft 77 kt 2.5° 72 s

Takeoff from EDLH 24

Takeoff roll100.00
468m75 %
Rotation speed100.00
60kttarget 64, 4 slow
Liftoff speed
64kt
Runway alignment96.18
5.28m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
711fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 778 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 32 m of runway left; then climbing at 770 fpm on average to 778 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

1,000 ft500 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 60 kttarget 64Liftoff 64 ktSCALE CHANGES1.7 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 628 m runway.

Rolled from 226 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 5.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 5.5 m right, in 5 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 76 % of the way down the runway, past the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

100200300400500600THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS5 kn75 %widest 5.27 m RROLL 226 M INAirborne 471 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 471 m of 628 m · 75 %
Behind the start of the roll, 226 mTakeoff roll, 245 m Left ahead, 157 m

The circuit to EDLH 24

Right-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1 nm out at 97 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft28°126°220°38°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
815 ft
Bank
28°
Speed
81 kt

Off heading: 7° from the leg's heading on average.

Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.

Read more in Pattern Work
2Onto downwind
Bank
26°
Height
970 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
95 kt
Out
1.5 nm 1 suits 97 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

3Base turn
Angle
33° target 45°
Bank
20°
Height
949 ft

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

4Final turn
Bank
8°
Overshoot
14 m none
Speed
71 kt

Good: full marks on the turn.

Entry100Crosswind93Turn onto downwind100Downwind100Base turn100Base100Final turn100

The approach to EDLH 24

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 2.1 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 110 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND651558462200
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 2.1 nm, never more than 265 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND108 m R1 m L11 m L6 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 29 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −9 kt and +13 kt on the approach speed of 58 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 58+12 kt+9 kt+6 kt+2 kt−9 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on EDLH 24

Over the threshold

ThresholdFail
not crossed - landed short
Centreline offset99.94
4.53m L

Touchdown

Past threshold34.44
-119m
Centreline93.77
4.76m L
Speed100.00
49kttarget 58 or less
Touchdown rate73.30
-208fpm
Impact57.14
2.00G
BouncesOk
None
The flare63.04

The aircraft touched down before the threshold. Everything the flare is measured against - the profile, the crossing height, the aim point - is referenced to a threshold this landing never reached, so read the numbers below as what happened short of the runway, not on it. Landing short is the fault to fix before anything about the hold-off is worth judging.

The crosswind

5 kt across from the left, which takes about 6° of crab to hold the centreline at 49 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, 2° of bank.

Wind 210° at 11 kt · 9 kt head · 5 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 43 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 31 s, an average deceleration of 0.02 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 625 mtouchdown650 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 628 m of the approach.

Began the flare late, at 2 ft; crossed the threshold at 61 ft, 11 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 119 m before the threshold.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 628 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

61 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 2 ft, 119 m before the threshold−243 fpm · −9.6° · 49 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 61 ft, down at -119 m

Plan view — the full 628 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 398 M 119 m SHORT of the threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 119 m short of the threshold. The 2.00 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 613 m of 628 m · 98 %
Rollout, 613 m Left over, 15 m
Rollout distance0.00
613m144 % used
Rollout alignment75.58
10.61m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 172 departed from runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Takeoff used 468 m of runway, which was 75 % of the available length. Rotation occurred at 60 kt. Local weather was 12 °C with wind 5 kt from 192°, giving a 3 kt headwind and a 3 kt crosswind.

Initial climb to 400 ft AGL took 41 seconds, averaging 709 fpm and reaching 77 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then entered a right-hand circuit for runway 24. The downwind leg was 3 nm and lasted 106 seconds at 1,140 ft AGL; the base leg was less than 1 nm and lasted 30 seconds.

During final approach to runway 24, descent was from 816 ft AGL to 224 ft AGL in 124 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, on centreline, on speed, wings level.

The aircraft touched down on runway 24, which is 628 m long, at a point 119 m short of the threshold. Threshold speed was 56 kt (good). Touchdown speed was 49 kt (good) and the vertical rate was -208 fpm (fair). The nose was raised too far in the flare, but the flare was otherwise good and no bounce occurred. Touchdown position was 4.8 m off centreline. Runway rollout alignment was 10.6 m off centreline and total landing distance was 926 m, 147 % of the runway length.

Taxiing from the runway to the parking area took less than 1 minute and covered less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 10 nm in 9 minutes and consumed 3 kg of fuel.

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