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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Reduce power earlier on final so speed is back to 137 kt before the gate, not after it.
What happened: Speed control was already loose at the stabilisation gate, and this flight crossed the threshold at 146 kt against a target of 137 kt, 9 kt fast. Carrying excess speed into the gate like this usually carries straight through to a fast threshold crossing.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator, targeting 137 kt by the gate and held to 137 kt at the threshold.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 148 kt with 8.1° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 157 kt, 13 kt under its 170 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 886 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 485 m of runway left; gear up at 37 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,960 fpm on average to 886 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,319 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted 3.5 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 65 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: no landing flap set, glideslope more than 1° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 21 kt above the approach speed of 137 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: no landing flap all the way, low all the way, sinking too fast until 3.1 nm, fast from 2.6 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Low from 4 nm to the threshold (up to 690 ft under).
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 9× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 40 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 2.6 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +53 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare strayed well off the target profile. Pitch reached 12.8° at touchdown, well above this type's ground attitude. Touchdown was 25 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 270° at 2 kt · 2 kt tail · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 13 ft, 94 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 2 ft, 48 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 25 m in, 280 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink stayed between 460 fpm and 490 fpm from the flare to the runway. The nose came up 2.3° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,291 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 4.8 m left of the centreline and drifted to 9.9 m left on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 25 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 460 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The aircraft taxied from the parking area to runway 25 at FNLU Quatro de Fevereiro International Airport, a movement that required 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 25, the Airbus A320 used a takeoff distance of 1,503 m, representing 65 % of the runway, and achieved a liftoff speed of 148 kt; ambient conditions were 18 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 270 °, a crosswind component of 1 kt and a headwind component of 2 kt.
Climb commenced 1 mile south-west of Luanda, with the aircraft ascending from 1,185 ft asl to 9,011 ft asl, an increase of 7,826 ft achieved in 4 minutes while covering 17 nm.
Level cruise began 11 miles north of Luanda and persisted for 55 minutes, during which the flight covered 265 nm at a constant altitude.
Descent was initiated 9 miles south-west of Kasangulu, descending from 9,026 ft asl to 1,792 ft asl, a loss of 7,234 ft over 6 minutes and a distance of 25 nm.
The final approach to runway 06 at FZAA Ndjili International Airport was flown from the south-west on a heading of 57.0 °, intercepting the approach at 4 nm and 777 ft agl.
Landing on runway 06, whose length is 3,291 m, occurred with a threshold speed of 146 kt; touchdown was recorded 25 m down the runway at a speed of 145 kt, a hard touchdown rate of minus 473 fpm, and a lateral deviation of 6.0 m from the centreline. Weather at the time was 15 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 270 °, a crosswind component of 1 kt and a tailwind component of 2 kt.
The total landing distance measured 867 m, equivalent to 26 % of the runway, and the rollout alignment was judged very good.
Overall, the flight covered 315 nm, took 73 minutes, and consumed 2,903 kg of fuel.
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