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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
On the roll, make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline.
What happened: On the roll the aircraft drifted 6.4 m off the centreline, and heading then varied by -1° through the first climb segment; drifting off centreline on the roll like this usually carries a heading variation into the climb, which in turn usually carries extra bank into the second climb segment, seen here as 23°.
Watch for: Heading indicator: wings level and track straight through the climb
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 13 stages, 10 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
Rotated late
The nose came up at 62 kt, 12 kt after the 50 kt rotate speed.
The pull started after the rotate speed had gone by. Bring the airspeed into the scan as it approaches the rotate speed, so the pull starts on the number rather than when you notice it has passed.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 1,293 m runway.
Rolled from 61 m in, drifted 6.4 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 23 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Side view from the start of the roll to 284 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 559 m of runway left; then climbing at 580 fpm on average to 284 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: no landing flap set, centreline more than 1° off and speed more than 16 kt above the approach speed of 52 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: no landing flap all the way, left of the centreline all the way, fast all the way, gear up until 3.3 nm, banked until 3.2 nm, high from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Low from 3.6 nm, where the final began, to 2.2 nm (up to 780 ft under), then back on it to 0.4 nm, then high to the threshold (up to 160 ft over).
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 845 m left of the centreline at 3.6 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 26 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 16 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 3.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +65 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare strayed well off the target profile
Crossing the threshold 46 kt above target, the flare took all the sink out 27 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft then dropped the rest of the way, 488 fpm of sink coming back. Touchdown was 1,238 m past the threshold. Hold the attitude and let it settle rather than pushing - that excess speed is what turns a normal flare into a balloon, so the fix is on the approach, not in the flare.
Touchdown
Rollout
Side view — the last 1,608 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 200 ft, 150 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 28 ft. Touched down 1,238 m in, 933 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,608 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 50 fpm at the flare to 20 fpm at 28 ft, then back up to 470 fpm at touchdown. The nose went down 4.1° on the way down. Into the flare at 71 kt, 19 kt over the 52 kt approach speed, and 55 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,608 m of the 3,986 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 13 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 15 m left at the widest. Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 229° at 3 kt · 3 kt tail · 1 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
Touched down 1,238 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 469 fpm arrival was firm.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 61 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.14 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The JMB VL-3 Sprint taxied to runway 36 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield and departed with a take-off distance of 325 m, which was 25 % of the runway. Rotation occurred at 62 kt. Local weather was 8 °C with wind 1 kt from 248°, giving a 1 kt cross-wind and no head-wind.
Initial climb to 400 ft agl lasted 28 seconds, averaging 669 fpm and reaching 122 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then leveled between 1 200 ft asl and 1 600 ft asl for 11 minutes, covering 24 nm while flying overhead Reichelsheim.
A descent began from 1 543 ft asl to 928 ft asl in 2 minutes, covering 4 nm and starting 1 mile south-west of Kelsterbach. At 522 ft agl the pilot executed a go-around on runway 07C at EDDF Frankfurt Airport.
On the subsequent final approach to runway 07C at EDDF, descent continued from 708 ft agl to 511 ft agl in 143 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, sink rate, glideslope, and wings level; they were not met for landing flap, centreline, and speed. The landing gear was lowered at 361 ft agl with an airspeed of 108 kt. The final flap position 1 was selected at 185 ft agl with an airspeed of 98 kt.
Landing occurred on runway 07C, whose length is 3 986 m. The threshold height at 200 ft agl was noted as excessively over target and the threshold speed was excessively high at 98 kt. The flare was described as very poor; the aircraft ballooned in the flare. Touchdown was 832 m beyond the touchdown zone, at a speed of 55 kt, which was considered too fast. The touchdown rate was hard at minus 469 fpm and the touchdown point was misaligned by 13.1 m from the centreline. No bounce occurred. The total landing distance was 1 486 m, representing 37 % of the runway, and the rollout was slightly misaligned by 15.2 m from the centreline.
Local weather at landing was 8 °C with wind 3 kt from 229°, giving a 1 kt cross-wind and a 3 kt tail-wind. The entire flight covered 35 nm in 16 minutes and used 4 kg of fuel.
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