Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Work on the flare
See Arrival Landing
On a 3° glideslope your sink rate in feet per minute is roughly your groundspeed in knots times five (5.3, strictly). A Cessna 172 at 65 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 345 fpm. An A320 at 140 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 740 fpm. the entire job of the flare is to take that 350 to 750 fpm and reduce it to something in the normal band, in roughly the last five seconds of the flight.
Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight SimulatorStart to finish · 14 stages, 13 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 57 kt with 4.9° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 181 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 65 m of runway left; then climbing at 780 fpm on average to 181 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 581 m runway.
Rolled from 53 m in, drifted 3.8 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 57 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Right-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 0.9 nm out at 85 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Low: turned crosswind at 379 ft, below the 500 ft minimum.
Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.
Read more in Pattern WorkTurn onto downwind: scored 2.
The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.
Read more in Pattern WorkEarly: turned base with the threshold 54° behind, against 45°.
Base. Turn 90 degrees towards the runway when the threshold sits about 45 degrees behind your shoulder. Descend at around 80 kt with second-stage flap. The geometry of that 45-degree cue isn't arbitrary. It produces a base leg long enough to lose roughly 500 ft at about 500 fpm before the final turn. Once you know that's what the cue is for, you can derive your own turn point for any aircraft and any speed.
Read more in Pattern WorkOvershot: went 120 m through the centreline turning final.
Overshooting final. A tailwind component on base sweeps you through the extended centreline, the instinctive correction is to steepen the bank and, when that's not enough, to skid the turn with rudder. In a real aircraft this is the base-to-final stall-spin scenario that kills people. The sim under-punishes it, because a spring yoke transmits no lightening of control force, there's no buffet through your hands, and no seat-of-the-pants sensation of the skid. You get the numbers of the skidded turn without the feel of it. The correct response is the same in both worlds and needs practising until it's reflexive. Don't steepen past 30 degrees, and if you've blown through the centreline, go around and reset.
Read more in Pattern WorkThe final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 120 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 25 m left of the centreline at 0.6 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Slow from 0.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to −15 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 3° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 581 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 42 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 115 m in, 189 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 581 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 260 fpm at 13 ft to 140 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.0° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 581 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 9.9 m left of the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 115 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 05 at EHOP Middenmeer Aerodrome, where the DA40-XLS aircraft took off with a takeoff distance of 317 meters, which is 55% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 57 knots. At the time of takeoff, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 1 knot from a direction of 269 degrees, resulting in a negligible crosswind and tailwind.
After takeoff, the aircraft entered a right-hand pattern from runway 05, completing the turn in less than 1 nautical mile in 16 seconds. The subsequent right-hand pattern crosswind turn took 27 seconds to complete, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The pilot then initiated a pattern downwind turn, which covered a distance of 1 nautical mile at an angle of 74.5 degrees to the runway. The downwind leg itself took 45 seconds to complete, covering a distance of 1 nautical mile.
The pilot then turned onto the base leg, which covered a distance of 1 nautical mile at an angle of 53.7 degrees to the runway. The base leg itself took 21 seconds to complete, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The final turn onto the final approach was completed in 40 seconds, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile.
The final approach to runway 05 was made from the southwest, with a heading of 69.0 degrees at an altitude of 46.0 meters above ground level (agl). The aircraft landed on the runway, which had a length of 581 meters. The threshold height was good, and the threshold speed was well above the target speed of 78 knots. The touchdown distance was good at 113 meters, and the touchdown speed was 48 knots, which was considered good. The touchdown rate was smooth at -0.7 meters per second.
However, the runway touchdown position was misaligned by 9.9 meters from the centerline. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were the same as at takeoff, with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 1 knot from a direction of 270 degrees, resulting in a negligible crosswind and tailwind.
The total flight distance was 4 nautical miles, and the flight took 9 minutes to complete. The aircraft used 4 kilograms of fuel during the flight.
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