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KJQF
Concord, United States
Runway 02
Elevation640 ft asl
Weight2,032 kg
Fuel218 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

87.07 %
KJQF
Concord, United States
Runway 02
Elevation640 ft asl
Weight2,026 kg
Fuel213 kg
WindCalm
30 Dec 2023 0:03 5 nm Cessna 310R 5 kg
Departure Score
95.17 %
Pattern Score
78.23 %
Arrival Score
87.82 %

What went well

Touchdown 379 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 3.97 m off the centreline, no bounce
Airborne in 946 m — 46 % of the runway

What held you back

Pattern Base Leg Turn — Angle to runway (45 degrees) 3.6 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 38.8 ° at 62 %, −2.85 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 52 %, −2.54 points
Pattern Downwind Turn — Angle to runway (45 degrees) 74.0 ° at 4 %, −1.92 points

Next time

Improve the pattern base leg turn

See Pattern Base Leg Turn

Base. Turn 90 degrees towards the runway when the threshold sits about 45 degrees behind your shoulder. Descend at around 80 kt with second-stage flap. The geometry of that 45-degree cue isn't arbitrary. It produces a base leg long enough to lose roughly 500 ft at about 500 fpm before the final turn. Once you know that's what the cue is for, you can derive your own turn point for any aircraft and any speed.

Read more in Pattern Work

Start to finish · 11 stages, 11 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 96.10Departure roll runway 02 at KJQF Concord Regl. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 88 kn. Local weather - Temperature 4 °C. Wind 0 kn at 284 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 88 knTarget 85 kn
81 % Runway alignment max 7.17 m7.17 m left to 0.00 m left 7.17 6.94 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °4.7 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.1 5.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.9 °0.1 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.1 1.3 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Info Battery Master On 4 ft agl · 85 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 4 ft agl · 85 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 4 ft agl · 85 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 4 ft agl · 85 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 4 ft agl · 85 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.39Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 02 KJQF Concord Regl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 92 kn88 kn min to max 94 kn 88 94 kn
98 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 1.3 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.98 g min to max 1.12 g 1.03 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 664 ft/m442 ft/m min to max 811 ft/m 442 811 ft/m
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 53 ft agl 0 53 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.5 °5.4 ° min to max 10.6 ° 5.5 10.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 28 ft agl · 93 kt
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 02 KJQF Concord Regl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn94 kn min to max 124 kn 94 124 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 2.0 4.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.91 g min to max 1.09 g 1.05 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 929 ft/m819 ft/m min to max 1,248 ft/m 819 1,193 ft/m
Info Average altitude 122 ft agl55 ft agl min to max 414 ft agl 55 414 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.9 °6.8 ° min to max 10.5 ° 10.5 8.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 122 ft agl · 100 kt
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 02 KJQF Concord Regl. Distance was less than 1 nm in 13 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 124 kn123 kn min to max 125 kn 124 125 kn
100 % Average bank angle 26.5 °12.7 ° min to max 34.6 ° 12.7 29.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g0.93 g min to max 1.22 g 1.01 1.17 g
Info Average VSI 1,425 ft/m760 ft/m min to max 2,029 ft/m 1,286 846 ft/m
Info Average altitude 650 ft agl467 ft agl min to max 792 ft agl 467 792 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.8 °5.9 ° min to max 11.8 ° 8.2 6.6 °
Pattern Crosswind 72.29Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 02 KJQF Concord Regl. Distance was less than 1 nm in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
38 % Heading -14.2 °-49.7 ° min to max 16.9 ° 16.9 -49.7 °
100 % Average speed 122 kn117 kn min to max 126 kn 125 120 kn
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.82 g min to max 1.23 g 1.15 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 1,319 ft/m-180 ft/m min to max 2,181 ft/m 906 -180 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,031 ft agl807 ft agl min to max 1,209 ft agl 807 1,202 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 24.2 °0.0 ° min to max 34.6 ° 26.3 29.3 °
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °0.6 ° min to max 13.0 ° 6.7 0.6 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 71.24Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 74.0 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
4 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 74.0 °.
100 % Average speed 126 kn122 kn min to max 130 kn 122 130 kn
100 % Average bank angle 24.7 °12.8 ° min to max 30.8 ° 28.2 12.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g0.94 g min to max 1.21 g 1.12 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -154 ft/m-385 ft/m min to max 92 ft/m -351 68 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,182 ft agl1,175 ft agl min to max 1,195 ft agl 1,195 1,180 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °0.8 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.8 0.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,172 ft agl · 129 kt
Pattern Downwind 90.31Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 64 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -3.6 °-21.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° -1.4 -21.0 °
68 % Average altitude 1,191 ft agl1,068 ft agl min to max 1,243 ft agl 1,177 1,068 ft agl
100 % Average speed 133 kn121 kn min to max 142 kn 131 122 kn
98 % Average g force 1.01 g0.71 g min to max 1.17 g 1.03 1.17 g
Info Average VSI -102 ft/m-875 ft/m min to max 632 ft/m -107 -828 ft/m
Info Average bank angle 4.3 °0.1 ° min to max 22.6 ° 0.1 21.8 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-2.5 ° min to max 4.3 ° 2.3 -0.0 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,192 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,186 ft agl · 132 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 57.30Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 3.6 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 3.6 °.
100 % Average speed 122 kn115 kn min to max 127 kn 122 115 kn
62 % Average bank angle 24.9 °0.2 ° min to max 38.8 ° 21.3 4.5 °
87 % Average g force 1.12 g0.95 g min to max 1.48 g 1.20 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -968 ft/m-1,868 ft/m min to max -272 ft/m -705 -1,054 ft/m
Info Average altitude 743 ft agl374 ft agl min to max 1,057 ft agl 1,057 374 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-8.9 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.2 -2.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 919 ft agl · 124 kt
Arrival Final 1 91.38Approaching runway 02 at KJQF Concord Regl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 357 ft agl to 43 ft agl. A decrease of 314 ft in 28 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
74 % Approach angle 2.3 °1.9 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.4 1.9 °
100 % Average speed 96 kn94 kn min to max 114 kn 114 94 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.1 0.0 °
83 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 9.5 ° 2.6 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.15 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -509 ft/m-1,037 ft/m min to max -407 ft/m -1,037 -407 ft/m
Info Average altitude 98 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 357 ft agl 357 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °-2.3 ° min to max 3.9 ° -2.3 3.9 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 77.13Landing on runway 02 at KJQF Concord Regl, runway length 2,060 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 93 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 93 kn. Target 90 kn
52 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °
96 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.85 g min to max 1.11 g 1.02 1.07 g
Info Average speed 89 kn83 kn min to max 93 kn 93 83 kn
Info Average VSI -215 ft/m-405 ft/m min to max -36 ft/m -405 -182 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 26 ft agl 26 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °3.6 ° min to max 8.7 ° 4.0 8.7 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 6 ft agl · 83 kt
07515022530037545001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 94.96Touchdown distance was good at 378 m. Touchdown speed at 83 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was good at -182 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.0 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 4 °C. Wind 0 kn at 17 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Touchdown VSI was -182 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 378 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 83 knTarget 81 kn
91 % Runway alignment max 4.00 m3.99 m left 3.99 3.97 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
94 % Average g force 1.21 g1.07 g min to max 1.35 g 1.07 1.15 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 83 kn83 kn min to max 83 kn 83 83 kn
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °5.6 ° min to max 8.7 ° 8.7 5.6 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 88 kt with 5.5° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.5° off10° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 83 kt 5.1° 0 s
Liftoff92 m 88 kt 5.5° 1.3 s
35 ft289 m · 4.2 s after liftoff 94 kt 9.8° 5.5 s
End of the climb1,485 m · 414 ft 124 kt 8.0° 27.5 s

Takeoff from KJQF 02

Takeoff roll100.00
946m46 %
Liftoff speed100.00
88kt
Runway alignment80.52
7.17m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.39
663fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 414 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 913 m of runway left; then climbing at 950 fpm on average to 414 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 88 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 2,060 m runway.

Rolled from 857 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 7.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 6.9 m left. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 7.15 m LROLL 857 M INAirborne 949 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 949 m of 2,060 m · 46 %
Behind the start of the roll, 857 mTakeoff roll, 92 m Left ahead, 1,111 m

The circuit to KJQF 02

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.3 nm out at 134 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING123crosswinddownwind90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 700 ft35°131°239°3distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
752 ft
Bank
35°
Speed
124 kt

Off heading: 14° from the leg's heading on average.

Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.

Read more in Pattern Work
2Onto downwind
Bank
31°
Height
1,191 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
133 kt
Out
0.8 nm 1.3 suits 134 kt

Turn onto downwind: scored 4.

The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
4° target 45°
Bank
39°
Height
1,057 ft

Steep: 39° of bank.

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work
Entry100Crosswind72Turn onto downwind71Downwind90Base turn57

The approach to KJQF 02

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.4 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 170 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND672423233
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 100 m right of the centreline at 1.4 nm, then inside the band from 0.8 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR253 m L0253 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND74 m L56 m R14 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KJQF 02

Over the threshold

Threshold height58.18
26ft
Threshold speed100.00
93kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.05m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
379m
Centreline91.46
4.00m L
Speed100.00
83kt
Touchdown rate86.09
-182fpm
Impact94.29
1.35G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 379 m in, 75 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

26 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −182 fpm · 8.7° nose up · 83 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 26 ft, down at 379 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 440 fpm at 38 ft to 180 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.7° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−182 fpm at touchdown8.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,060 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 4 m left of the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 379 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 379 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 379 m of 2,060 m · 18 %
In the air over the runway, 379 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 1,680 m

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