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KFRG
Farmingdale, United States
Runway 01
Elevation59 ft asl
Weight1,065 kg
Fuel92 kg
Wind310° · 35 kn · 26 kn cross

Flight Score

92.93 %
KBGM
Binghamton, United States
Runway 34
Elevation1,634 ft asl
Weight1,021 kg
Fuel47 kg
Wind310° · 38 kn · 12 kn cross
11 Mar 2024 1:20 147 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 45 kg
Departure Score
92.19 %
Enroute Score
98.45 %
Arrival Score
85.79 %

What went well

Touched down at -56 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 170 m in — inside the full-score zone
Airborne in 289 m — 20 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 3 %, −2.88 points
Departure Roll — taxi light on should off; Takeoff distance 1,340 m at 29 %, g force 0.05 to 0.82 g at 60 %, −1.48 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 2.0 ° at 22 %, −1.04 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 16 stages, 15 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kn0 kn min to max 17 kn 0 14 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 7 knmax 8 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.16 g 1.02 0.81 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °1.7 ° min to max 4.2 ° 3.0 4.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 82.20Departure roll runway 01 at KFRG Republic. Takeoff distance 1,340 m 93 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 68 kn. Local weather - Temperature 7 °C. Wind 35 kn at 310 °. Crosswind: 26 kn Headwind: 23 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
29 % Takeoff distance 1,340 m93 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 68 knTarget 70 kn
81 % Runway alignment max 8.25 m8.25 m left to 0.00 m left 1.14 8.25 m
60 % Average g force 0.37 g0.05 g min to max 0.82 g 0.82 0.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °3.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.1 4.8 °
Info Average bank angle 2.8 °0.0 ° min to max 6.8 ° 0.0 3.2 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Departure Climb 1 97.53Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 01 KFRG Republic.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Heading variation -0.7 °-1.6 ° min to max 0.2 ° -1.6 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 76 kn69 kn min to max 79 kn 69 79 kn
97 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.01 g min to max 1.15 g 1.11 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 565 ft/m360 ft/m min to max 826 ft/m 360 826 ft/m
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 0 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °5.0 ° min to max 11.5 ° 5.0 11.5 °
Departure Climb 2 89.04Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 01 KFRG Republic.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
78 % Heading variation 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.3 3.6 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn79 kn min to max 92 kn 79 91 kn
78 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 10.4 ° 0.7 10.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.80 g min to max 1.07 g 1.04 0.93 g
Info Average VSI 1,012 ft/m835 ft/m min to max 1,248 ft/m 835 1,248 ft/m
Info Average altitude 93 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 265 ft agl 49 265 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.5 °9.1 ° min to max 12.0 ° 11.6 10.8 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 221 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 62 ft agl · 83 kt
Enroute Climb 97.54Enroute climb started overhead East Farmingdale (New York, United States). Climbing from 360 ft asl to 6,680 ft asl, an increase of 6,320 ft in 7 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 93 kn81 kn min to max 126 kn 91 107 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.0 ° min to max 9.5 ° 9.5 1.9 °
75 % Average g force 0.86 g0.32 g min to max 1.03 g 0.94 0.32 g
Info Average VSI 1,084 ft/m-655 ft/m min to max 1,787 ft/m 1,336 1,787 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,186 ft asl360 ft asl min to max 6,680 ft asl 360 6,680 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.9 °-4.0 ° min to max 13.8 ° 11.6 4.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched On 4,545 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 5,473 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 5,473 ft agl · 107 kt
Enroute Level 97.60Enroute level cruise started overhead Muttontown (New York, United States) and lasted 58 minutes, covering 125 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 6,585 ft asl6,525 ft asl min to max 6,703 ft asl 6,642 6,703 ft asl
100 % Average speed 150 kn125 kn min to max 154 kn 125 151 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 10.7 ° 4.2 7.5 °
76 % Average g force 0.88 g0.33 g min to max 1.02 g 0.86 0.88 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-2.6 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -1.0 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles west of 5N5 Kirkwood Kirkwood (New York, United States). Descent from 6,704 ft asl to 2,944 ft asl, a decrease of 3,760 ft in 5 minutes and covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 129 kn98 kn min to max 155 kn 151 98 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.0 ° min to max 11.4 ° 8.6 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.84 g min to max 0.97 g 0.90 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -524 ft/m-1,164 ft/m min to max 79 ft/m 79 -92 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,641 ft asl2,944 ft asl min to max 6,707 ft asl 6,704 2,944 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-6.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° -1.1 0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 3,479 ft agl · 157 kt
Enroute Level 2 97.09Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Port Dickinson (New York, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,814 ft asl2,662 ft asl min to max 2,942 ft asl 2,942 2,662 ft asl
100 % Average speed 98 kn96 kn min to max 101 kn 98 101 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.4 °
71 % Average g force 0.88 g0.24 g min to max 0.94 g 0.90 0.90 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-4.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -2.9 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north west of Port Dickinson (New York, United States). Descent from 2,653 ft asl to 2,053 ft asl, a decrease of 600 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 90 kn78 kn min to max 100 kn 100 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.3 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.85 g min to max 0.95 g 0.90 0.91 g
Info Average VSI -574 ft/m-1,065 ft/m min to max -334 ft/m -586 -357 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,308 ft asl2,053 ft asl min to max 2,653 ft asl 2,653 2,053 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-5.6 ° min to max 0.6 ° -2.7 0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Arrival started 2 miles north west of Port Dickinson (New York, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 79 kn79 kn min to max 80 kn 79 80 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.4 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.89 g0.88 g min to max 0.90 g 0.90 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -360 ft/m-387 ft/m min to max -343 ft/m -343 -387 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,041 ft asl2,035 ft asl min to max 2,047 ft asl 2,047 2,035 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 -0.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 2 99.94Approaching runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 393 ft agl to 257 ft agl. A decrease of 135 ft in 43 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.7 °2.5 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 2.7 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 71 kn62 kn min to max 80 kn 79 73 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.3 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.1 2.3 °
99 % Average g force 0.90 g0.74 g min to max 0.96 g 0.86 0.74 g
Info Average VSI -186 ft/m-532 ft/m min to max 26 ft/m -432 -127 ft/m
Info Average altitude 311 ft agl257 ft agl min to max 393 ft agl 393 257 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °-0.8 ° min to max 6.8 ° -0.4 5.2 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 84.46Approaching runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 255 ft agl to -45 ft agl. A decrease of 300 ft in 60 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
22 % Approach angle 2.0 °1.0 ° min to max 3.7 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 71 kn68 kn min to max 79 kn 72 68 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
99.98 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 2.1 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.89 g0.84 g min to max 0.95 g 0.92 0.95 g
Info Average VSI -276 ft/m-484 ft/m min to max -33 ft/m -132 -256 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl-45 ft agl min to max 255 ft agl 255 -45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °-0.7 ° min to max 5.3 ° 5.2 3.3 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 56.81Landing on runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field, runway length 2,042 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 68 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 68 kn. Target 70 kn
24 % Target 50 ft agl
3 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.5 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.82 g min to max 1.07 g 0.95 1.07 g
Info Average speed 64 kn57 kn min to max 68 kn 68 57 kn
Info Average VSI -96 ft/m-256 ft/m min to max -12 ft/m -256 -54 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 11 ft agl 11 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °3.4 ° min to max 8.0 ° 3.4 8.0 °
07515001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.49Touchdown distance was good at 169 m. Touchdown speed at 57 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -54 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 3 °C. Wind 38 kn at 309 °. Crosswind: 12 kn Headwind: 36 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.6 % Touchdown VSI was -54 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 169 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 57 knTarget 55 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.17 m0.16 m right -0.13 -0.17 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.5 °
72 % Average g force 0.63 g0.26 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 0.26 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kn55 kn min to max 57 kn 57 55 kn
Info Average pitch angle 9.4 °8.0 ° min to max 10.8 ° 8.0 10.8 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 45 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 17 kn12 kn min to max 26 kn 26 14 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °4.1 ° min to max 11.5 ° 11.2 4.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.6 0.3 °
Info Average g force 0.66 g0.20 g min to max 1.09 g 0.20 0.66 g

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 52 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 48 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 49 kt
Arrival Taxi 89.26Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kn8 kn min to max 16 kn 14 8 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 14 knmax 14 kn 0 0 kn
93 % Average g force 0.75 g0.62 g min to max 0.89 g 0.71 0.86 g
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °4.3 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.6 4.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.4 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll289 m · 20 %
100.00Liftoff speed68 kt
81.02Runway alignment8.25 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
97.53Rate of climb564 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

24.24Threshold height10 ft
100.00Threshold speed67 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.00 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on KBGM 34

Past threshold100.00
170m
Centreline100.00
0.17m R
Speed100.00
57kt
Touchdown rate99.58
-56fpm
Impact72.00
1.07G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

10 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 10 ft, down at 170 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,042 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 170 m past threshold CLEARED

The 170 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.07 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 170 m of 2,042 m · 8 %

The rest of the report

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Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 01 at KFRG Republic in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
92.19 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 3 1
82.2 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 01 at KFRG Republic. Takeoff distance 1,340 m 93 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 68 kn. Local weather - Temperature 7 °C. Wind 35 kn at 310 °. Crosswind: 26 kn Headwind: 23 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 1,340 m using 92.84 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 68 kn - Target 70 kn
Alignment
81.02 %
8.25 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
60 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 45 20
Bank °
Info
7 3.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 4 3
0250500750-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
97.53 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 01 KFRG Republic.
Alignment
93 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
97.13 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 8 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
900 400 -100
89.04 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 01 KFRG Republic.
Alignment
78.12 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 85 70
Bank °
78.03 %
11 5.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 11 9
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 1,000 700
025050075004896144192240 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.020.040.050.070.090100200 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.020.040.050.070.09-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
Landing Score 79.92 %
99.94 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 393 ft agl to 257 ft agl. A decrease of 135 ft in 43 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
99.43 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
26 -287 -600
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
84.46 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 255 ft agl to -45 ft agl. A decrease of 300 ft in 60 seconds.
Glideslope
22.34 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
22.34 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
79 70 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
99.98 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-37 -268 -500
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
56.81 %
Landing
Landing on runway 34 at KBGM Greater Binghamton\/Edwin A Link field, runway length 2,042 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 68 kn.
Height
24.24 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 68 kt. Target 70 kt
Flare
3 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
68 59 50
Pitch °
Info
8 5.5 3
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-12 -156 -300
07515001223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
98.49 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 169 m. Touchdown speed at 57 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -54 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 3 °C. Wind 38 kn at 309 °. Crosswind: 12 kn Headwind: 36 kn.
Landed with a 12 kt crosswind, well done!
Touchdown
99.58 %
Touchdown rate was excellent at -56 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 57 kt was a little fast. Target below 55 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 169 m.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.3 °
G
72 %
G 0.63 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
89.26 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
Switched On
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
92.57 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
6 5 4
Metrics
Metrics

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