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CYQB
Quebec, Canada
Runway 24
Elevation230 ft asl
Weight37,999 kg
Fuel5,829 kg
Wind234° · 6 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

96.19 %
KEWR
Newark, United States
Runway 22L
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight35,162 kg
Fuel2,930 kg
Wind165° · 7 kn · 4 kn cross
17 Jun 2026 1:30 447 nm RJ85 2,899 kg
Departure Score
98.91 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
89.65 %

What went well

Touchdown 129 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 32 % of the runway used
Rollout held the centreline — 0.76 m off at taxi speed

What held you back

Arrival Approach — GPWS warning; 1,000 ft gate 71 %, 500 ft gate 71 %, −1.90 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -401 fpm at 54 %, Landing Bounce at 80 %, −1.02 points
Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 79 %, −0.53 points

Next time

Departure

Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 115 kt, then rotate.

What happened: You started the rotation at 96 kt, 19 kt before the 115 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 115 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Add power on short final to hold 112 kt over the threshold, so the approach is not slow to begin with.

What happened: Threshold speed was 9 kt below target, and the nose was then held well above this type's ground attitude at touchdown; arriving slow like this usually leaves the flare short of energy and ends in a firm touchdown at 401 fpm.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 112 kt at the threshold.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 98.31Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt0 kt min to max 24 kt 4 10 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 14 ktmax 14 kt 0 0 kt
83 % Average g force 0.73 g-0.03 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.9 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 8 ft agl
Info Engine 4 Started 8 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 8 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 8 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 8 ft agl
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 8 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 8 ft agl
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 8 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 8 ft agl
Info Engine 3 Started 8 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 8 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 8 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 8 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 8 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 8 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 8 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 24 at CYQB Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport, Average speed was 15 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kt6 kt min to max 11 kt 10 11 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Departure Roll 96.47Departure roll runway 24 at CYQB Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,103 m 40 % of runway. Rotation speed was 96 kt. Local weather - Temperature 23 °C. Wind 9 kt at 234 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 9 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,103 m40 % of runway
82 % Rotation speed was 96 ktTarget 115 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.81 m left1.81 m left to 0.00 m left 0.72 1.41 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.13 g 1.01 1.13 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-0.4 ° min to max 8.9 ° -0.2 8.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.3 0.5 °
Departure Climb 1 99.78Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 CYQB Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 133 kt132 kt min to max 136 kt 132 136 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.6 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.6 1.5 °
98 % Average g force 1.22 g1.03 g min to max 1.30 g 1.19 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 1,232 fpm714 fpm min to max 1,506 fpm 714 1,504 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl 0 28 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.8 °9.2 ° min to max 12.7 ° 9.2 11.7 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 CYQB Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 141 kt136 kt min to max 156 kt 136 156 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.6 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.5 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.84 g min to max 1.08 g 1.02 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,477 fpm1,356 fpm min to max 1,852 fpm 1,505 1,773 fpm
Info Average altitude 97 ft agl28 ft agl min to max 367 ft agl 28 367 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.8 °9.7 ° min to max 11.6 ° 11.6 10.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 101 ft agl · 142 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 24 CYQB Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 165 kt158 kt min to max 170 ktTarget 158 kt, 7 kt fast 158 170 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.3 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.1 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up at 70 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -1.0 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -1.2 °
Info Average VSI 2,399 fpm1,768 fpm min to max 2,676 fpm 1,768 2,488 fpm
Info Average altitude 656 ft agl394 ft agl min to max 938 ft agl 394 938 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.0 °10.3 ° min to max 11.9 ° 10.3 10.5 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of CYQB Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport Quebec (Quebec, Canada). Climbing from 1,230 ft asl to 29,692 ft asl, an increase of 28,462 ft in 19 minutes and covering 111 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 266 kt156 kt min to max 294 kt 170 265 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.0 ° min to max 30.4 ° 0.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.86 g min to max 1.30 g 0.96 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 1,479 fpm-167 fpm min to max 4,724 fpm 2,448 792 fpm
Info Average altitude 18,140 ft asl1,230 ft asl min to max 29,692 ft asl 1,230 29,692 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.0 °1.6 ° min to max 18.0 ° 10.2 3.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3,400 ft agl · 192 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9,663 ft agl · 293 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 15,100 ft agl · 354 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 15,157 ft agl · 354 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Saint-Cesaire (Quebec, Canada) and lasted 31 minutes, covering 198 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,991 ft of 29,999 ft asl29,824 ft asl min to max 30,020 ft asl 29,824 30,003 ft asl
100 % Average speed 274 kt262 kt min to max 276 kt 264 276 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.9 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 1.04 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.7 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 2.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 29,632 ft agl · 417 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 29,632 ft agl · 417 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 29,641 ft agl · 433 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 29,641 ft agl · 433 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 29,628 ft agl · 434 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 29,618 ft agl · 434 kt
Enroute Descent 99.98Enroute descent started 2 miles south west of Palenville (New York, United States). Descent from 30,014 ft asl to 5,997 ft asl, a decrease of 24,017 ft in 16 minutes and covering 89 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 269 kt247 kt min to max 283 kt 274 248 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 13.8 ° 1.2 0.1 °
99.8 % Average g force 0.99 g0.57 g min to max 1.07 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,477 fpm-2,571 fpm min to max 44 fpm 44 8 fpm
Info Average altitude 15,960 ft asl5,997 ft asl min to max 30,014 ft asl 30,014 5,997 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-2.3 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.8 2.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 27,416 ft agl · 434 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 27,416 ft agl · 434 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,824 ft agl · 314 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 6,453 ft agl · 283 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 5,580 ft agl · 274 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 5,580 ft agl · 274 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Basking Ridge (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 22 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±800 ft of 6,015 ft asl5,994 ft asl min to max 6,040 ft asl 5,999 6,006 ft asl
100 % Average speed 249 kt244 kt min to max 250 kt 248 244 kt
100 % Average bank angle 17.8 °0.0 ° min to max 30.0 ° 0.0 8.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.96 g min to max 1.19 g 0.98 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °2.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 2.3 2.2 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead West Orange (New Jersey, United States). Descent from 6,004 ft asl to 1,538 ft asl, a decrease of 4,467 ft in 4 minutes and covering 16 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 207 kt186 kt min to max 243 kt 243 186 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.6 °0.0 ° min to max 29.8 ° 11.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.86 g min to max 1.21 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -922 fpm-2,208 fpm min to max 120 fpm -94 -1,662 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,196 ft asl1,538 ft asl min to max 6,004 ft asl 6,004 1,538 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-2.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 2.2 -0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 5,340 ft agl · 259 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 5,340 ft agl · 259 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 4,911 ft agl · 233 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 4,911 ft agl · 233 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 4,926 ft agl · 231 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 4,926 ft agl · 231 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 2,217 ft agl · 208 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 2,217 ft agl · 208 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 2,217 ft agl · 208 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,595 ft agl · 195 kt
Arrival Approach 71.43Final approach to runway 22L at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport. Descent from 1,589 ft agl to 43 ft agl in 100 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
50 % Gear downfailed at one of the two gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
50 % Sink ratefailed at one of the two gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
0 % On speedfailed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 765 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,240 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,024 ft agl · 159 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 690 ft agl · 148 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 671 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 671 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot AutoThrottle Arm Disarmed 588 ft agl · 142 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 545 ft agl · 139 kt
Arrival Landing 92.06Landing on runway 22L at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport, runway length 2,502 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 103 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 103 kt. Target 112 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
79 % The flare wandered off the target profile. Pitch reached 6.9° at touchdown, well above this type's ground attitude. Touchdown was 129 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.
93 % Runway alignment max 5.74 m right4.22 m right to 5.74 m right -5.74 -4.22 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °1.4 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g1.04 g min to max 1.07 g 1.04 1.07 g
Info Average speed 102 kt100 kt min to max 103 kt 103 100 kt
Info Average VSI -488 fpm-634 fpm min to max -335 fpm -634 -335 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 22 ft agl 22 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °5.0 ° min to max 6.9 ° 5.0 6.9 °
07515001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 84.77Touchdown distance was good at 129 m. Touchdown speed at 100 kt was good. Touchdown rate was hard at -401 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.2 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 23 °C. Wind 7 kt at 165 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
54 % Touchdown rate was -401 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 129 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 100 ktTarget below 109 kt
96 % Runway alignment max 4.22 m right3.63 m right -4.22 -2.95 m
84 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.1 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.4 3.6 °
87 % Average g force 1.20 g1.06 g min to max 1.48 g 1.07 1.19 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 100 kt100 kt min to max 100 kt 100 100 kt
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °6.9 ° min to max 7.5 ° 6.9 7.5 °
Arrival Rollout 99.99Total landing distance 829 m, 33 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 829 m33 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.80 m right2.73 m left to 2.80 m right -2.80 0.76 m
99.9 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 0.99 g
Info Average speed 91 kt53 kt min to max 96 kt 96 53 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °-1.5 ° min to max 7.8 ° 7.6 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 3.9 °0.0 ° min to max 7.3 ° 3.9 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 37 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 33 kt20 kt min to max 48 kt 48 20 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.7 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 8 ft agl · 49 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 8 ft agl · 49 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 8 ft agl · 49 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl · 41 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 8 ft agl · 34 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 8 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 16 kt0 kt min to max 25 kt 19 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 13 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 8 ft agl · 21 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 8 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Deactivated 8 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 8 ft agl
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 8 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 8 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Parking Brake On 8 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 8 ft agl · 2 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 96 kt, 19 kt below the 115 kt target, and lifted off at 132 kt 9.9 s later, the nose coming up at 0.9° a second. Climb 3 averaged 165 kt, 7 kt over its 158 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 158180 kt12060020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1159.2° off · 0.9°/s11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 22 kt -0.2° 0 s
Rotate441 m · target 115 96 kt 0.2° 14.6 s
Liftoff1,020 m · +36 kt from rotation 132 kt 9.2° 24.5 s
35 ft1,221 m · 2.9 s after liftoff 137 kt 11.2° 27.5 s
Gear up1,328 m · 70 ft · full marks to 400 ft 139 kt 10.6° 29.0 s
Climb 32,245 m · 394 ft to 938 ft · target 158 165 kt avg 10.3° 42.0 s
End of Climb 33,388 m · 938 ft 170 kt 10.5° 55.3 s

Takeoff from CYQB 24

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,103m40 %
Rotation speed82.35
96kttarget 115, 19 slow
Liftoff speed
132kt
Runway alignment100.00
1.81m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
70ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
165kttarget 158
Rate of climb99.78
1,231fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 938 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,428 m of runway left; gear up at 70 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,830 fpm on average to 938 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3165 kt avgtarget 158THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060708090KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 96 kttarget 115Liftoff 132 ktGear up 70 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,737 m runway.

Rolled from 87 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 1.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.6 m left. Airborne 40 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

1,0002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 1.92 m LROLL 87 M INAirborne 1,108 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,108 m of 2,737 m · 40 %
Behind the start of the roll, 87 mTakeoff roll, 1,020 m Left ahead, 1,629 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 71.435 of 7500 ft 71.435 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate840 fpm1,400 fpm
On glideslope3.8°3.6°
On centreline0.9° off0.5° off
On speed+56 kt+31 kt
Wings level3° bank2° bank

At the 1,000 ft gate: gear still up and speed more than 28 kt above the approach speed of 112 kt.

At the 500 ft gate: sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed and speed more than 17 kt above the approach speed of 112 kt.

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 0.7 nm, about 300 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the speed.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KEWR 22L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 260 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,5698694142291,000 ft gate5 of 7gear downon speed1,296 ft · 168 kt500 ft gate5 of 7sink rateon speed649 ft · 143 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 99 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR250 m L0250 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND89 m L28 m R15 m R5 m R87 m L24 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 28 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 4 nm to 0.7 nm (up to +75 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

100120140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 112+75 kt+37 kt+18 kt+1 kt−9 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KEWR 22L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
22ft
Threshold speed92.16
103kttarget 112, 9 slow
Centreline offset92.57
5.74m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
129m
Centreline95.74
4.22m R
Speed100.00
100kttarget 109 or less
Touchdown rate54.36
-401fpm
Impact86.86
1.48G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare79.04

The flare wandered off the target profile. Pitch reached 6.9° at touchdown, well above this type's ground attitude. Touchdown was 129 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.

The crosswind

4 kt across from the left, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 100 kt. Touched down with the nose 3° into wind, wings level.

Wind 165° at 7 kt · 5 kt head · 4 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 22 ft, 28 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 19 ft. Touched down 129 m in, 176 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

22 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 19 ft · −600 fpm · 5.3° · 103 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −411 fpm · 6.9°−401 fpm · 6.9° nose up · 100 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 22 ft, down at 129 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 600 fpm at the flare to 400 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.6° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−401 fpm at touchdown6.9° at touchdown, +1.6° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,502 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.9 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.3 m right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 4 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 129 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 129 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.48 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 798 m of 2,502 m · 32 %
In the air over the runway, 129 mRollout, 669 m Left over, 1,704 m
Rollout distance100.00
669m32 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.80m R

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

Departing from Quebec Jean Lesage International Airport (CYQB), the RJ85 aircraft began its journey by taxiing from the parking area to the runway, a process that took 6 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile. As the aircraft lined up on runway 24, the local weather conditions were favorable, with a temperature of 23 °C and a gentle headwind of 9 kt at 234°. The takeoff roll commenced, and the aircraft lifted off the ground at a speed of 132 kt, utilizing 40% of the available runway length of 1,103 m.

As the RJ85 climbed away from CYQB, it began its enroute climb, ascending from 1,230 ft to 29,692 ft in a mere 19 minutes, covering a distance of 111 nm. The aircraft then transitioned into a level cruise, maintaining an altitude of 29,692 ft for 31 minutes as it traversed 198 nm. The crew initiated a descent from 30,014 ft to 5,997 ft over Palenville, New York, a decrease of 24,017 ft in 16 minutes, covering 89 nm. Following a brief level cruise over Basking Ridge, New Jersey, the RJ85 began its final descent, touching down on runway 22L at Newark Liberty International Airport (KEWR) with a touchdown speed of 100 kt and a touchdown distance of 130 m. The total landing distance was 829 m, utilizing 33% of the available runway length of 2,502 m.

The RJ85's performance during the approach and landing phases was satisfactory, with a firm touchdown rate of -335 fpm and a runway touchdown position that was slightly misaligned by 6.5 m from the centerline. The aircraft then taxied to the parking area, a process that took 8 minutes and covered 2 nautical miles. The total flight distance was 446 nm, and the RJ85 utilized 2,899 kg of fuel during the 90-minute journey.

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