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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Raise the gear lever promptly once a positive climb is confirmed, before reaching the target retraction height.
What happened: Gear retraction was delayed, with the gear not coming up until 611 ft agl.
Watch for: Landing gear: up by the normal retraction gate
Arrival
Reduce power earlier on final to bleed back to 114 kt well before the gate.
What happened: Approach was fast through the stabilisation gate, and the threshold was crossed at 133 kt against the 114 kt target. Carrying that extra speed in usually carries the touchdown long, which it did here at 1,849 ft against the 1,500 ft target.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 114 kt at the threshold
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 22 stages, 17 in the score
The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 108 kt, 9 kt below the 117 kt target, and lifted off at 119 kt 2.3 s later, the nose coming up at 4.4° a second. Climb 3 averaged 149 kt, 39 kt under its 188 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 977 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 6,788 ft of runway left; gear up at 611 ft, 211 ft past the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 3,370 fpm on average to 977 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 9,989 ft runway.
Rolled from 288 ft in, drifted right of the centreline, 15 ft at the widest, and lifted off 16 ft right, in 6 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 25 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 29 kt above the approach speed of 114 kt.
At the 500 ft gate: glideslope more than 1° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 17 kt above the approach speed of 114 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: fast all the way, high until 1.3 nm, sinking too fast until 1.0 nm, right of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
On the glideslope from 4 nm to 3.0 nm, then high to 1.3 nm (up to 340 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 18× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 0.3 nm, then 40 ft right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 29 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 4 nm to the threshold (up to +41 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare held the target profile well. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 3 times on the way down. Touchdown was 1,849 ft past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 060° at 7 kt · 7 kt head · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 117 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 9 s, an average deceleration of 0.53 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.
Began the flare high, at 46 ft, 309 ft before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 36 ft, 14 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,849 ft in, 849 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 660 fpm at the flare to 220 fpm at touchdown. The nose went down 0.6° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 5,922 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 6 ft left of the centreline, and stayed within 6 ft of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 1,849 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna Longitude taxied from the parking area to runway 30L at KMSP Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport, a movement that lasted 22 minutes and covered 5 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 30L, the aircraft accelerated over a takeoff distance of 2,516 ft, representing 25 % of the runway, and lifted off at 120 kt. Local weather conditions were temperature 74 °F, wind 8 kt from 059°, a 7 kt crosswind component and a 4 kt tailwind.
The initial climb began overhead KMSP, climbing from 1,899 ft asl to 21,535 ft asl, an increase of 19,636 ft achieved in 8 minutes while covering 48 nm.
A level cruise segment commenced 2 nm northeast of West Concord, lasting 15 minutes and extending 117 nm.
A second climb started 2 nm southeast of Fayette, raising the aircraft from 21,639 ft asl to 24,330 ft asl, a gain of 2,690 ft in 2 minutes and covering 12 nm.
The next cruise phase began overhead Strawberry Point, lasting 5 minutes and spanning 46 nm.
Descent number one originated 3 nm northwest of KOQW Maquoketa Municipal Airport, descending from 24,699 ft asl to 21,694 ft asl, a loss of 3,005 ft in 3 minutes while traveling 29 nm.
A further cruise segment started 1 nm northwest of Princeton, lasting 12 minutes and covering 92 nm.
Descent number two began 2 nm east of KOGL Oglesby Airport, dropping from 21,329 ft asl to 2,425 ft asl, a decrease of 18,903 ft in 13 minutes and covering 66 nm.
The final approach to runway 04R at KMDW Chicago Midway International Airport was executed from the southwest, on a heading of 47.0°, at 2 nm and 1,742 ft agl.
A go-around was initiated on runway 04R at KMDW when the aircraft reached 5,358 ft agl, aborting the approach and climbing away.
Subsequent landing on runway 04R, whose length is 5,922 ft, recorded a threshold speed of 134 kt, a touchdown point 474 ft beyond the touchdown zone, and a touchdown speed of 122 kt. The aircraft touched down with a rate of minus 182 fpm and perfect runway-alignment. Local weather at the time was temperature 70 °F, wind 6 kt from 080°, a 4 kt crosswind component and a 5 kt headwind. Total landing distance was 2,666 ft, representing 45 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.
Runway rollout proceeded without deviation, maintaining the perfect alignment noted at touchdown.
The aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in 4 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
In total, the flight covered 478 nm, required 89 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 3,739 lb of fuel.
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