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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Add power on short final to recover 134 kt by the threshold, then hold that speed through the flare.
What happened: Crossing the threshold at 124 kt against the 134 kt target usually leaves too little energy for the flare, and the sink that then returns usually carries through to a firm touchdown.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 134 kt at the threshold.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score
Events
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 149 kt, on the 151 kt target, and lifted off at 152 kt 1.7 s later, the nose coming up at 5.5° a second. Climb 3 averaged 167 kt, 17 kt under its 184 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 939 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,534 m of runway left; gear up at 61 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,700 fpm on average to 939 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,211 m runway.
Rolled from 95 m in, never more than 1.4 m off the centreline. Airborne 41 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 134 kt.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 134 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: slow all the way.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 50 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 39× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 9 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Slow from 4 nm to the threshold (up to −11 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Excellent landing flare. It lost 3.8 points, partly for the nose going up and down 2 times.
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 139° at 9 kt · 8 kt head · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 111 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 39 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 42 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 41 ft. Touched down 553 m in, 248 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 660 fpm at the flare to 270 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.6° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,041 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2.8 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.9 m right at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 553 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The BBS752PW 757 taxied from the parking to runway 08R at KMIA for 9 minutes, covering 2 nm, and departed on runway 08R. Take-off used 1,318 m (41 % of the runway). Liftoff speed was 153 kt. Local weather was 26 °C with wind 13 kt from 100°, giving a 3 kt crosswind and a 13 kt headwind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 18 seconds, averaging 2,537 fpm and reaching 164 kt at the top. The climb continued from 1,003 ft asl to 38,017 ft asl in 24 minutes, covering 163 nm, beginning 1 mile south-east of Miami Springs.
The aircraft levelled at 38,000 ft asl for 152 minutes, covering 1,105 nm, starting 7 miles south-west of Viera West.
Descent from 38,001 ft asl to 2,206 ft asl lasted 29 minutes and covered 153 nm, beginning 8 miles north-west of WS84 Cran Bog N Airport Warrens.
Final approach to runway 12R at KMSP began with a descent from 1,401 ft agl to 91 ft agl in 118 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was landing gear down at 2,596 ft agl, 189 kt; final flap position 6 at 1,860 ft agl, 152 kt.
Landing on runway 12R, runway length 3,041 m, had a good threshold height. Threshold speed was 124 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 125 m beyond the touchdown zone at 117 kt, with a fair touchdown rate of minus 271 fpm and very good runway alignment. Local weather was 19 °C with wind 7 kt from 140°, giving a 2 kt crosswind and a 7 kt headwind. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 1,356 m (45 % of the runway) and rollout alignment was very good.
The aircraft taxied to the parking from the runway for 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 1,429 nm in 216 minutes and used 9,332 kg of fuel.
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