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EFHK
Helsinki, Finland
Runway 15
Elevation151 ft asl
Weight3,597 kg
Fuel783 kg
Wind180° · 11 kn · 5 kn cross

Flight Score

96.38 %
EETN
Tallinn, Estonia
Runway 26
Elevation131 ft asl
Weight3,499 kg
Fuel661 kg
Wind199° · 10 kn · 9 kn cross
3 Nov 2026 0:30 70 nm Pilatus PC-12 122 kg
Departure Score
97.42 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
91.73 %

What went well

Touchdown 216 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 18 % of the runway used
Rotated at 77 kt — on the 85 kt rotation target

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 273 fpm with one bounce, −1.80 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 273 fpm−0.73
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.72
  • Arrival Touchdown · bounced once−0.33
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.33 G at contact−0.02
Departure Climb 3 — climb speed 99 kt against 127 kt at 69 %, −0.83 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 14.90 m left at 79 %, −0.79 points

Next time

Departure

Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 127 kt.

What happened: Climb speed was 99 kt against a target of 127 kt, running 28 kt slow through the climb.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 127 kt.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Add power on final to cross the threshold at 88 kt, correcting the speed before the flare begins.

What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 7 kt below the 88 kt target, and the flare that followed raised the nose only 1.7° with little of the sink taken out. Shallow, underpowered approaches like this usually carry through into a firm touchdown.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 88 kt at the threshold

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 12 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 14 kt 0 14 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 ktmax 13 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.7 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.1 1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.4 0.5 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 5 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 5 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 5 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 5 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 5 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 5 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 5 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 5 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 15 at EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport, Average speed was 18 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 21 kt 14 21 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.2 1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl · 7 kt
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 15 at EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport. Takeoff distance 569 m 20 % of runway. Rotation speed was 77 kt. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 12 kt at 180 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 569 m20 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 77 ktTarget 85 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.36 m left3.36 m left to 2.71 m right -2.53 2.71 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 0.99 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °1.0 ° min to max 6.0 ° 1.3 5.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.4 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 90 kt82 kt min to max 95 kt 82 95 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.5 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 463 fpm240 fpm min to max 586 fpm 240 586 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 1 41 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °4.8 ° min to max 7.9 ° 5.7 7.9 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 20 ft agl · 89 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.62Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.1 0.9 °
100 % Average speed 95 kt94 kt min to max 96 kt 95 96 kt
98 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.2 ° min to max 5.5 ° 1.4 4.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.87 g min to max 1.12 g 1.04 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 900 fpm592 fpm min to max 1,409 fpm 592 1,409 fpm
Info Average altitude 99 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 387 ft agl 42 387 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.1 °8.0 ° min to max 12.0 ° 8.0 10.6 °
Departure Climb 3 87.50Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 15 EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
69 % Climb speed 99 kt97 kt min to max 104 ktTarget 127 kt, 28 kt slow 97 104 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 12.3 ° 2.4 12.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.90 g min to max 1.08 g 0.95 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up at 9 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.7 °0.6 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.8 0.9 °
Info Average VSI 1,167 fpm828 fpm min to max 1,384 fpm 1,380 1,283 fpm
Info Average altitude 676 ft agl412 ft agl min to max 903 ft agl 412 903 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.8 °8.0 ° min to max 11.6 ° 10.0 11.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 589 ft agl · 97 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport Helsinki (Uusimaa, Finland). Climbing from 1,102 ft asl to 11,007 ft asl, an increase of 9,905 ft in 5 minutes and covering 13 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 121 kt94 kt min to max 197 kt 105 197 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.3 °0.1 ° min to max 31.1 ° 10.4 2.9 °
99.96 % Average g force 0.99 g0.65 g min to max 1.19 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,611 fpm-64 fpm min to max 3,545 fpm 1,288 -4 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,889 ft asl1,102 ft asl min to max 11,015 ft asl 1,102 11,007 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 11.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 22.8 ° 12.1 -0.4 °
Info Turn coordination -4-33 min to max 19 4 -33

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 2,477 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,782 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 3,027 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 8,420 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Deactivated 8,420 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 8,420 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 8,420 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 9,109 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 9,109 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 9,109 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Deactivated 9,161 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 9,161 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 9,161 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 9,635 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 9,635 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 9,827 ft agl · 137 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 9,956 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 9,956 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 10,331 ft agl · 144 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south of Lauttasaari (Uusimaa, Finland) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 14 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,050 ft of 10,994 ft asl10,990 ft asl min to max 11,005 ft asl 11,005 10,998 ft asl
100 % Average speed 214 kt203 kt min to max 217 kt 203 216 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.2 ° min to max 14.5 ° 2.7 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination -26-36 min to max -17 -36 -23
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-0.9 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -0.9 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 17 miles south of Suomenlinna (Uusimaa, Finland). Descent from 10,998 ft asl to 2,191 ft asl, a decrease of 8,807 ft in 8 minutes and covering 31 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 186 kt130 kt min to max 236 kt 214 130 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.3 °0.0 ° min to max 18.0 ° 0.9 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.84 g min to max 1.22 g 0.99 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -813 fpm-2,003 fpm min to max 66 fpm 13 11 fpm
Info Average altitude 5,753 ft asl2,189 ft asl min to max 10,998 ft asl 10,998 2,191 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-6.2 ° min to max 3.0 ° -1.0 2.9 °
Info Turn coordination -6-38 min to max 7 -20 5

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 10,643 ft agl · 243 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 10,643 ft agl · 243 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,268 ft agl · 185 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,268 ft agl · 185 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 2,005 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2,005 ft agl · 133 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of Kostivere (Harjumaa, Estonia) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±610 ft of 2,198 ft asl2,190 ft asl min to max 2,208 ft asl 2,190 2,198 ft asl
100 % Average speed 102 kt84 kt min to max 128 kt 128 87 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 41 min to max 7 5 6
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.2 0.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2,006 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 2,007 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Armed 2,007 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Activated 2,007 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 2,007 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,010 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,014 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,007 ft agl · 91 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of Kostivere (Harjumaa, Estonia). Descent from 2,197 ft asl to 1,444 ft asl, a decrease of 753 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kt85 kt min to max 86 kt 86 85 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -386 fpm-413 fpm min to max -6 fpm -8 -405 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,783 ft asl1,444 ft asl min to max 2,197 ft asl 2,197 1,444 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-1.9 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.8 -1.8 °
Info Turn coordination 43 min to max 6 6 5

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,011 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 2,011 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Disarmed 2,011 ft agl · 86 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 26 at EETN Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport. Descent from 1,348 ft agl to 29 ft agl in 179 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 1,193 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 1,193 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Deactivated 1,193 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 1,193 ft agl · 86 kt
Arrival Landing 89.30Landing on runway 26 at EETN Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport, runway length 3,455 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 81 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 81 kt. Target 88 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
63 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 1.7° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 216 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.24 m left3.24 m left to 1.03 m left 3.24 1.03 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.7 0.4 °
100 % Peak g force 1.10 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.04 g
Info Average speed 80 kt78 kt min to max 81 kt 81 78 kt
Info Average VSI -361 fpm-405 fpm min to max -303 fpm -376 -303 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl-6 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl 28 -6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-1.1 ° min to max 1.9 ° -0.8 1.9 °
07515022501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 87.05Touchdown distance was good at 215 m. Touchdown speed at 78 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -273 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 8 °C. Wind 9 kt at 199 °. Crosswind: 9 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
56 % Touchdown rate was -273 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 216 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 78 ktTarget below 81 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.03 m left0.95 m left 1.03 0.91 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.1 °
95 % Peak g force 1.33 g1.04 g min to max 1.33 g 1.04 1.10 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 78 kt78 kt min to max 78 kt 78 78 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °1.9 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.9 2.6 °
Arrival Rollout 90.57Total landing distance 657 m, 19 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 14.9 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 657 m19 % of runway.
79 % Runway alignment max 14.90 m left14.90 m left to 0.18 m right -0.18 5.27 m
99.8 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.29 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 59 kt37 kt min to max 72 kt 72 37 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 3.8 ° 2.8 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.1 0.7 °

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 5 ft agl · 70 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 36 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 32 kt14 kt min to max 65 kt 36 65 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.2 ° min to max 1.6 ° -0.1 1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5 ft agl · 19 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 77 kt, 8 kt below the 85 kt target, and lifted off at 82 kt 1.8 s later, the nose coming up at 2.2° a second. Climb 3 averaged 99 kt, 28 kt under its 127 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 127120 kt8040020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 855.6° off · 2.2°/s7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 33 kt 1.3° 0 s
Rotate336 m · target 85 77 kt 1.6° 13.4 s
Liftoff400 m · +5 kt from rotation 82 kt 5.6° 15.2 s
Gear up536 m · 9 ft · full marks to 400 ft 90 kt 7.0° 18.7 s
35 ft669 m · 6.7 s after liftoff 94 kt 7.2° 21.9 s
Climb 31,490 m · 412 ft to 903 ft · target 127 99 kt avg 10.0° 41.5 s
End of Climb 32,619 m · 903 ft 104 kt 11.5° 66 s

Takeoff from EFHK 15

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
569m20 %
Rotation speed100.00
77kttarget 85, 8 slow
Liftoff speed
82kt
Runway alignment100.00
3.36m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
9ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed68.75
99kttarget 127
Rate of climb100.00
462fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 903 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,072 m of runway left; gear up at 9 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,070 fpm on average to 903 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 399 kt avgtarget 127THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 77 kttarget 85Liftoff 82 ktGear up 9 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,895 m runway.

Rolled from 154 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 3.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.8 m left. Airborne 19 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS4 kn75 %widest 3.20 m LROLL 154 M INAirborne 554 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 554 m of 2,895 m · 19 %
Behind the start of the roll, 154 mTakeoff roll, 400 m Left ahead, 2,341 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate370 fpm340 fpm
On glideslope3.1°3.2°
On centreline0.2° off0.1° off
On speed−1.8 kt−2.7 kt
Wings level0° bank1° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to 0.2 nm, then not again: slow from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EETN 26

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 50 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,3477354092341,000 ft gate7 of 71,079 ft · 86 kt500 ft gate7 of 7567 ft · 85 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 7× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 53 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR134 m L0134 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND5 m L53 m R10 m R4 m R10 m L6 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 44 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 0.2 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −7 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 88−3 kt−3 kt−1 kt−0 kt−7 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EETN 26

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
27ft
Threshold speed94.36
80kttarget 88, 8 slow
Centreline offset100.00
3.24m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
216m
Centreline100.00
1.03m L
Speed100.00
78kttarget 81 or less
Touchdown rate56.39
-273fpm
Impact95.43
1.33G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare62.83

The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 1.7° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 216 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The crosswind

9 kt across from the left, which takes about 7° of crab to hold the centreline at 79 kt. Touched down with 7° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 199° at 10 kt · 3 kt head · 9 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 27 ft, 23 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 11 ft. Touched down 216 m in, 89 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

27 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 11 ft · −449 fpm · 0.4° · 80 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −272 fpm · 2°−272 fpm · 1.9° nose up · 78 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 27 ft, down at 216 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 450 fpm at the flare to 270 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−272 fpm at touchdown1.9° at touchdown, +1.5° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,455 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 15 m left on the rollout, back to 6.4 m left by the end.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 9 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 216 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 216 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.33 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 638 m of 3,455 m · 18 %
In the air over the runway, 216 mRollout, 422 m Left over, 2,817 m
Rollout distance100.00
422m18 % used
Rollout alignment79.10
14.90m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Pilatus PC-12 taxied from the parking area to runway 15 at EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport in 12 minutes, covering 2 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 15 with a distance of 569 m, which is 20 % of the runway length. Rotation occurred at 77 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 10 °C, wind 12 kt from 180°, giving a 5 kt crosswind component and an 11 kt headwind component.

The initial climb to 1 000 ft agl lasted 47 seconds, averaging 980 fpm and reaching 104 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 1 102 ft asl to 11 007 ft asl in 5 minutes, covering 13 nm while remaining overhead EFHK Helsinki Vantaa Airport.

Cruise was level at 11 000 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering 14 nm, beginning 3 mi south of Lauttasaari.

Descent began from 10 998 ft asl to 1 444 ft asl in 12 minutes, covering 36 nm, starting 17 mi south of Suomenlinna, with a brief level-off at 2 200 ft asl.

Final approach to runway 26 at EETN Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport descended from 1 348 ft agl to 29 ft agl in 179 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1 000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level.

Landing on runway 26 was performed with a threshold speed of 81 kt, slightly below target. The flare was described as a fair landing flare with little round-out. Touchdown occurred at 78 kt, with a touchdown distance of 215 m and a touchdown rate of minus 273 fpm; alignment on touchdown was perfect. One bounce occurred on touchdown.

The total landing distance was 657 m, representing 19 % of the runway length of 3 455 m. Runway rollout alignment was slightly off centreline by 14.9 m. Local weather at landing was temperature 8 °C, wind 9 kt from 199°, giving a 9 kt crosswind component and a 3 kt headwind component.

The entire flight covered 70 nm in 30 minutes and used 122 kg of fuel.

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