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KTOA
Torrance, United States
Runway 29R
Elevation82 ft asl
Weight5,353 lbs
Fuel710 lbs
Wind280° · 18 kn · 9 kn cross

Flight Score

97.39 %
KHHR
Hawthorne, United States
Runway 07
Elevation62 ft asl
Weight5,332 lbs
Fuel687 lbs
Wind270° · 14 kn · 1 kn cross
14 Aug 2024 0:07 12 nm Black Square Grand Duke N122SP 23 lbs
Departure Score
93.79 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
98.05 %

What went well

Touched down at -201 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 282 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 3 ft and 76 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — Heading variation 6.4 ° at 50 %, −0.75 points
Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.67 points
Departure Climb 2 — bounce on liftoff; Heading variation 1.1 ° at 72 %, −0.55 points

Next time

Avoid steep turns at low altitude

See Departure Climb 3

Below a thousand feet the aeroplane is slow, heavy and close to the ground. A steep turn loses lift, raises the stall speed and flattens the climb just when the gradient matters most. A normal turn on course is a rate one — fifteen degrees or so, twenty-five at the outside, this penalty is to acknowledge when a turn has stopped being a turn and become a manoeuvre.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 15 stages, 12 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 14 kn0 kn min to max 19 kn 0 18 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 knmax 14 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °1.8 ° min to max 3.7 ° 2.4 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.2 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.2 0.8 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Engine 2 Started 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 29R at KTOA Zamperini Field, Average speed was 18 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 16 kn4 kn min to max 21 kn 18 6 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °1.6 ° min to max 3.4 ° 2.7 3.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 29R at KTOA Zamperini Field. Takeoff distance 1,425 ft 36 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 94 kn. Local weather - Temperature 77 °F. Wind 18 kn at 279 °. Crosswind: 9 kn Headwind: 16 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,425 ft36 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 94 knTarget 93 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 9.2 ft4.4 ft left to 4.8 ft right 1.0 -4.8 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.6 ° min to max 5.6 ° 3.3 5.6 °
Info Average bank angle 1.0 °0.2 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.2 1.1 °
Departure Climb 1 98.43Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 29R KTOA Zamperini Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.4 °
100 % Average speed 97 kn94 kn min to max 98 kn 94 98 kn
94 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.1 ° min to max 4.4 ° 1.0 3.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.19 g0.94 g min to max 1.37 g 1.10 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 820 ft/m443 ft/m min to max 1,072 ft/m 443 1,072 ft/m
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.6 °6.0 ° min to max 11.9 ° 6.0 10.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 6 ft agl · 102 kt
Departure Climb 2 91.79Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 29R KTOA Zamperini Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
72 % Heading variation 1.1 °0.5 ° min to max 4.3 ° 0.5 4.3 °
100 % Average speed 100 kn98 kn min to max 106 kn 98 106 kn
95 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.05 g 0.93 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,243 ft/m1,081 ft/m min to max 1,999 ft/m 1,081 1,999 ft/m
Info Average altitude 102 ft agl46 ft agl min to max 391 ft agl 46 391 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.6 °10.2 ° min to max 13.3 ° 10.3 12.7 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 370 ft agl · 112 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 79 ft agl · 105 kt
Departure Climb 3 88.75Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 29R KTOA Zamperini Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
50 % Heading variation 6.4 °5.3 ° min to max 7.0 ° 5.3 7.0 °
100 % Average speed 110 kn102 kn min to max 125 kn 106 125 kn
94 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 4.2 ° 1.4 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.94 g0.79 g min to max 1.10 g 0.96 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,765 ft/m983 ft/m min to max 2,176 ft/m 2,023 1,100 ft/m
Info Average altitude 724 ft agl425 ft agl min to max 987 ft agl 425 987 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.6 °5.4 ° min to max 14.4 ° 12.5 6.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 752 ft agl · 120 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of Torrance (California, United States). Climbing from 1,096 ft asl to 2,956 ft asl, an increase of 1,861 ft in 3 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 158 kn127 kn min to max 180 kn 127 180 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 17.8 ° 0.1 6.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.82 g min to max 1.16 g 0.99 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 1,036 ft/m-64 ft/m min to max 1,915 ft/m 1,151 979 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,876 ft asl1,096 ft asl min to max 2,956 ft asl 1,096 2,956 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °1.6 ° min to max 8.5 ° 6.8 5.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Manhattan Beach (California, United States). Descent from 2,978 ft asl to 2,190 ft asl, a decrease of 788 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 158 kn131 kn min to max 177 kn 177 131 kn
100 % Average bank angle 25.4 °6.1 ° min to max 39.7 ° 16.5 20.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.72 g min to max 1.28 g 1.08 0.96 g
Info Average VSI -873 ft/m-3,300 ft/m min to max 1,275 ft/m 1,160 -1,916 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,840 ft asl2,190 ft asl min to max 3,175 ft asl 2,978 2,190 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-9.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 6.3 -4.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 2,226 ft agl · 159 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead Manhattan Beach (California, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 120 kn93 kn min to max 132 kn 131 96 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.1 °0.1 ° min to max 14.1 ° 13.2 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.77 g min to max 1.17 g 1.06 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -2,181 ft/m-2,906 ft/m min to max -1,332 ft/m -2,034 -1,986 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,310 ft asl589 ft asl min to max 2,155 ft asl 2,155 589 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -6.5 °-9.5 ° min to max -3.2 ° -3.5 -5.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,223 ft agl · 136 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,183 ft agl · 138 kt
Arrival Final 2 97.66Approaching runway 07 at KHHR Jack Northrop Field\/Hawthorne from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 495 ft agl to 291 ft agl. A decrease of 203 ft in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °2.7 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.8 2.7 °
100 % Average speed 101 kn99 kn min to max 104 kn 99 103 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
88 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.0 ° min to max 7.3 ° 3.0 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.95 g min to max 1.18 g 1.09 1.14 g
Info Average VSI -1,791 ft/m-1,920 ft/m min to max -1,512 ft/m -1,920 -1,512 ft/m
Info Average altitude 389 ft agl291 ft agl min to max 495 ft agl 495 291 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.3 °-5.7 ° min to max -1.8 ° -4.9 -1.8 °
11.251.51.752200250300350400450Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-130-98-65-330336598130Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 97.91Approaching runway 07 at KHHR Jack Northrop Field\/Hawthorne from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 272 ft agl to 8 ft agl. A decrease of 264 ft in 26 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.2 °0.6 ° min to max 2.6 °Target 3.0 ° 2.6 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 90 kn77 kn min to max 100 kn 100 77 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
90 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 7.0 ° 1.5 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.69 g min to max 1.23 g 1.22 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -469 ft/m-1,278 ft/m min to max -174 ft/m -1,278 -174 ft/m
Info Average altitude 56 ft agl8 ft agl min to max 272 ft agl 272 8 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-1.5 ° min to max 6.0 ° 0.8 5.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-110-83-55-280285583110Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 99.35Landing on runway 07 at KHHR Jack Northrop Field\/Hawthorne, runway length 3,511 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed at 76 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed at 76 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 96 kn
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
93 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.1 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.5 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.94 g min to max 1.04 g 0.94 0.99 g
Info Average speed 74 kn71 kn min to max 77 kn 76 71 kn
Info Average VSI -195 ft/m-202 ft/m min to max -175 ft/m -175 -201 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 4 ft agl 4 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °5.5 ° min to max 6.7 ° 5.5 6.7 °
025001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250-60-48-36-24-1201224364860Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 95.30Touchdown distance was good at 281 ft. Touchdown speed at 71 kn was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -201 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 80 °F. Wind 14 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 14 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown VSI was -201 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 281 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 71 knTarget 88 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 1.9 ft1.5 ft right -1.9 -1.0 ft
83 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.99 g min to max 1.13 g 0.99 1.12 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 73 kn71 kn min to max 74 kn 71 74 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.8 °6.7 ° min to max 6.9 ° 6.7 6.8 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,993 ft, 57 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,993 ft57 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.9 ft1.7 ft left to 2.2 ft right -0.7 -2.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.02 g
Info Average speed 85 kn52 kn min to max 92 kn 92 52 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °1.5 ° min to max 7.4 ° 6.8 1.7 °
Info Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.5 0.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 69 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 62 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 6 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kn6 kn min to max 46 kn 46 6 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °1.5 ° min to max 4.0 ° 1.5 4.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 94 kt with 6.0° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF6.0° off11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 14 kt 3.3° 0 s
Liftoff1,434 ft 94 kt 6.0° 21.9 s
35 ft1,791 ft · 2.4 s after liftoff 98 kt 10.9° 24.4 s
End of Climb 37,517 ft · 987 ft 125 kt 6.8° 58.2 s

Takeoff from KTOA 29R

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
1,425ft36 %
Liftoff speed100.00
94kt
Runway alignment100.00
4.8ft R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.43
820fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 987 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 1,198 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,630 fpm on average to 987 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 94 ktSCALE CHANGES0.7 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,912 ft runway.

Rolled from 923 ft in, never more than 5 ft off the centreline, in 8 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 60 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS8 kn75 %widest 4.7 ft RROLL 923 FT INAirborne 2,357 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,357 ft of 3,912 ft · 60 %
Behind the start of the roll, 923 ftTakeoff roll, 1,434 ft Left ahead, 1,555 ft

The approach to KHHR 07

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 4 nm to 1.5 nm (up to 1,680 ft over), then back on it to 0.2 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 80 ft under).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

1,0002,0003,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND2,9972,2531,298888398131
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 2,450 ft right of the centreline, then inside the band from 2.0 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND2447 ft R1137 ft R221 ft R1 ft L34 ft L4 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KHHR 07

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
3ft
Threshold speed100.00
76kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.0ft R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
282ft
Centreline100.00
1.9ft R
Speed100.00
71kt
Touchdown rate96.52
-201fpm
Impact100.00
1.13G
Bounces80.00
1
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 3° of bank.

Wind 270° at 14 kt · 14 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 93 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 17 s, an average deceleration of 0.20 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 1,630 ft30 kt · 1,993 fttouchdown2,072 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 3,511 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 3 ft, 47 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 282 ft in, 718 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,511 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

3 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −200 fpm · 6.7° nose up · 71 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 3 ft, down at 282 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink grew from 100 fpm at 3 ft to 200 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−200 fpm at touchdown6.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 3,511 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2 ft of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 282 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 282 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.13 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 1,918 ft of 3,511 ft · 55 %
In the air over the runway, 282 ftRollout, 1,636 ft Left over, 1,593 ft
Rollout distance100.00
1,636ft55 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.2ft R

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