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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Maintain the centreline
See Departure Roll
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 93 kt with 3.7° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 289 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 372 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,340 fpm on average to 289 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 1,042 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 20 m at the widest, and lifted off 19 m left. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 0.5 nm, about 210 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 300 ft gate.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 60 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 5× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 74 m left of the centreline at 0.8 nm, then inside the band from 0.5 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 44 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −10 kt and +13 kt on the approach speed of 88 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 3 times on the way down. Touchdown was 169 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 5° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 003° at 3 kt · 1 kt head · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 72 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.19 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 605 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 36 ft, 189 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 2 ft, 48 ft below the 50 ft target; ballooned 4 ft from 2 ft. Touched down 169 m in, 136 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 605 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 240 fpm before coming down at 270 fpm to touch. The nose came up 6.3° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 605 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.5 m right at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 169 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.23 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The flight departed from Hahnweide Airfield, where the Beechcraft Duke began its taxiing process from the parking area to the runway, taking approximately 3 minutes to cover less than 1 nautical mile. The departure roll commenced on runway 12, with the aircraft clearing the runway threshold in 511 meters, utilizing 49% of the available runway length. The liftoff speed was achieved at 93 knots, as the aircraft lifted off into the local weather conditions, characterized by a temperature of 19°C and a gentle wind of 4 knots at 349°.
As the aircraft climbed to a safe altitude, it began its enroute climb phase, starting overhead Dettingen unter Teck. The climb from 1,479 feet above sea level to 5,891 feet above sea level, an increase of 4,411 feet, was accomplished in 2 minutes, covering a distance of 4 nautical miles. The aircraft then transitioned into a level cruise phase, lasting 2 minutes and covering 4 nautical miles, before initiating a descent phase from 6,246 feet above sea level to 2,495 feet above sea level, a decrease of 3,751 feet, in 5 minutes and covering 14 nautical miles. The aircraft continued to climb and cruise, with a final climb phase starting overhead Hildrizhausen, followed by a level cruise phase over Nufringen, before beginning its final approach to runway 06 at Waechtersberg.
The final approach was conducted from the southwest, with the aircraft aligning with the runway at 0 nautical miles and 91 feet above ground level. The landing was executed with a threshold speed slightly below the target at 78 knots, resulting in a touchdown distance of 168 meters, which was within acceptable limits. The touchdown speed of 64 knots and the touchdown rate of -94 feet per minute were also satisfactory. The aircraft taxied to the parking area, taking less than 1 minute to cover less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 35 nautical miles, with a total flight time of 16 minutes, and the aircraft consumed 24 kilograms of fuel.
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